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托福独立写作3种常见论证体系结构

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下面小编给大家整理的托福独立写作3种常见论证体系结构，本文共7篇，希望大家喜欢!本文原稿由网友“数码元素”提供。

篇1：托福独立写作3种常见论证体系结构

托福独立写作3种常见论证体系结构模板分享

1、因果解释型论证体系：现象引出→原因分析→结果分析

Currently, 抽象事物 has loomed up wide public concern. What amazes us most is that具体事物. (→趋势化) It is true that the trend of this is seemingly on the rise in all walks of life. (→原因解释化) We may cite a variety of reasons accounting for this. The major ones can be listed as follows.

First and foremost, _____ play a pushing role.

In addition, ______.

Last but not least, _____.

(→结果化) As a consequence, _____.

2、问题解决型论证体系：描述现状→建议措施

With the advancement of modern society, __has become a social problem of public concern. meanwhile, it has given rise to a series of other matters, such as A and B. So it is high time we put an immediate end to this “Pandora’s Box”. It is true that awareness of the problem is the first step toward the solution. As is known to all, we have figured out several efficacious steps to tackle this problem.

In the first place, ___. In the second place, ___.In the third place, ____. Therefore, only in this way can we ___.

3、观点论证型论证体系：含义揭示→含义解析

As a human being, one can hardly do without _____. Living in the society, no one can deny that it is ____ that enables us to ___. Consequently, in this modern society where ____, ____ has been regarded as a necessity for ____. As to what ___ means, my opinions/definitions are as follows. First of all, ____. What really counts, in my mind, is that ______. Lastly, _____.

In conclusion, based on the reasons I discussed above,(please rewrite the first paragraph in another way). . .

托福写作解析:怎么让新生适应学校生活

全新托福独立写作题目：

你的大学要让新生了解、适应学校生活。新生有两个选择：

1.attending a one-week orientation orintroduction program when you are in the university campus, and it will beginbefore you have the classes;

2.meeting regularly in your first yearwith a student in your major field who has entered the university for severalyears.

这是一道典型的校园类话题，相对来说比较容易。如果选择第2个选项，可以写的理由是：

1.学长学姐更有经验，可以定期交流学习和课外活动等方面的经验;

2.学长学姐可以提供选择的专业相关的信息，比如选什么课，如何为未来的职业做好准备;

3.虽然orientation在开学之前，但是熟悉适应的时间很短，只有一周时间，了解不深入

最新托福独立写作题目回忆版本二：

in order to make freshmen adapt to college life, which one is more helpful?

1.take part in the orientation program for a week;

2.meet regularly with seniors in the same major

写作思路：

本次综合写作以及独立写作难度中等。

选择二：1. 学长学姐们对环境更熟悉，可以有针对性地给新生提出生活方面的指导和建议2.定期见面可以及时了解问题，解决问题

让步段：新生见面会会促进大家建立关系

Key sentences:

1. Seniors are more familiar with the surroundings and thus more likely to provide useful advice for them.

2. The problems freshmen are faced with can be tackled effectively and timely through regular meeting.

Certainly, the orientation program can promote the establishment of close relationship among freshmen.

key words & phrase

be beneficial / conducive to, Exploit to the full one’s favorable conditions

and avoid unfavorable ones, Take the essence and discard the dregs.

最新托福独立写作题目回忆版本三：

现在的很多大学为了让学生尽早适应校园生活采取了很多种方法如果你是即将入学的一名大学生你认为下列的哪种方式最为合适。

1. attending a one-week orientation or introduction program when you are in the university campus, and it will begin before you have the classes.

2. Meeting regularly at your first year with a student in your major field who has entered the university for several years.

托福写作模板:不同话题经典模板句式

托福写作模板：不同话题经典模板句式

1 We may cite a common example of

2 A general /recent survey /investigation conducted by officials/ scientists indicates /reveals/ suggests that

比较

1 Although the commonly-accepted belief/ idea is that X.X.X, a current/ recent study/ survey indicates that

2 It is true that X.X.X, but it does not mean that

原因

1 The reasons/ causes for X.X.X are varied/ complicated and perhaps (probably) that they lie in the fact

2 Another contributing factor/ cause of X.X.X is that

开头

1 There is a general/ public debate/ discussion nowadays on/ over the X.X.X. Those who criticize/ object to X.X.X argue that

2 They believe that X.X.X, however, people who advocate/ favor X.X.X argue that

结果

1 As it turns out / Indisputably/Accordingly

2 Considering all the factors above, we may safely draw the conclusion that

托福写作模板:结尾段模板

In summary, the conclusion reached in this argument is in valid and misleading. To make the argument more convincing, the arguer would have to prove that_____. Moreover, I would suspend my judgment about the credibility of the recommendation until the arguer can provide concrete evidence that_____. Otherwise, the arguer is simply begging the question throughout the argument.

To conclude, the argument is not persuasive as it stands. Before we accept the conclusion, the arguer must present more facts that_____. To solidify the argument, the arguer would have to produce more evidence concerning____.

As it stands, the argument is not well reasoned. To make it logically acceptable, the arguer would have to demonstrate that ____. Additionally, the arguer must provide evidence to _____.

To sum up, the conclusion lacks credibility because the evidence cited in the analysis does not lend strong support to what the arguer maintains. To strengthen the argument the arguer would have to provide more evidence concerning that_____.

In conclusion, the arguer fails to _____. To strengthen the argument, the arguer would have to provide evidence that____. To better evaluate the argument, we need more information about that____.

托福写作模板:中间段写作

托福写作模板：中间段写作模板

First, the argument is based on a false analogy. The arguer simply assumes that____, but he does not provide any evidence that_____.

Second, the arguer commits a fallacy of hasty generalization. Even if____, it does not follow that____。

Besides, the arguer does not provide any solid information concerning that____.

Actually, the arguer’s recommendation of _____would most probably turns out to be ineffective and misleading.

In the first place, the arguer fails to take into account the ____factors in the analysis. While we are informed that _____, the arguer fails to make clear that____.

In the second place, the comparison in this argument is incomplete and selective, the arguer discovers that ____. However the arguer fails to provide any information regarding ____.

Furthermore ____.

Unless the arguer also takes these factors into consideration, the comparison is unconvincing.

First of all, the argument is based on a hasty generalization. According to the cited studies, ____. The fact tells very little about _____. Even if we accept the arguer’s assumption that_____, it is unwarranted to assume that_____.

In addition, the arguer fails to consider several other relevant factors that____. For instance, _____.

What’ s more,______.

Finally, the arguer hints that_____, but he fails to analyze that_____.

The major problem with this argument is that the arguer fails to convince us that _____. First, the fact that ____does indicate that____. Second, _____, which makes it impossible for us to evaluate that____

Another point worth considering is the arguer’s hasty generalization. We are informed that____, but we do not know that_____. We can believe that ____, but based on this slim information, we can never evaluate the overall performance of discount.

One major assumption in short of legitimacy is that_____. First, ____. Second, _____. This may prove misleading and counterproductive in the end.

In addition, the conclusion is based on a gratuitous assumption that_____. This, however, is unwarranted.

篇2：托福独立写作如何提升论证说服力

托福独立写作如何提升论证说服力

托福官方指南OG独立写作例子评分细节

首先小编先通过托福官方指南OG中给出的评分标准来为大家讲解一些独立写作对例子使用的一些要求。按照OG中的说法，独立写作从5分到2分这四个级别的评分级别对于例证也就是exemplification都是有所要求的。5分的要求是using clearly appropriate exemplifications，4分要求是appropriate and sufficient exemplifications，3分要求是somewhat developed exemplifications，2分要求是inappropriate or insufficient exemplifications。从满分到低分的评分标准中都对例证给出了明确要求，由此可见例证这一项要求对作文评分的重要性。而大家也可以看到appropriate是各项要求中出现次数最多的一个形容词。许多考生之所以例证方面被扣分，也正是由于举的例子不够合适恰当。

托福独立写作举例两条心得分享

那么考生应该如何给出appropriate的例子呢?小编认为大家在举例时需要注意这两点：

1. 多用群体性例子而非个人例子

这个要求可能和许多同学的想法完全相反。很多人觉得既然要举例，那自然应该尽可能多用名人事例，而这些东西在托福写作备考准备案例素材时也会大量背诵各类所谓的名人案例。这种思路在托福写作中其实并不符合当下要求。大家要知道，如今的托福独立写作中，涉及个人观点类的话题越来越少，而关系到社会现象的题目则在不断增加。也就是说，考生在举例时，运用名人事例来进行例证的机会越来越少，论证效果也在逐渐下降，毕竟在广泛的社会现象明前，个人事例其实是比较缺乏说服力的。而相对的如果是以某个群体为例来进行证明，那么其说服力显然会好很多。

以看电视会对青少年产生消极影响来说，如果大家举的例子是某某人因为从小经常看电视而影响了视力，这种例子其实是没有什么说服力的，但如果考生给出的例子是某某研究表明，青少年群体因为看电视缺乏运动而整体肥胖率上升，这样的例子显然就很很好地证明观点了。所以，大家在托福独立写作例证时，要注意多用群体性例子，少用个人化例子。

2. 举例要多加入细节增加可信度

另一个考生在举例时常会犯的毛病就是给出的例子太空洞，缺乏内容和细节，因此给人不可信的感觉。简单来说，就是会让考官觉得你的例子是瞎编的。例子想要具有说服力，那就必须有足够多的内容细节来支撑。大家不仅需要对例子涉及到的背景、成因和变化有一定的描述，对于例子本身的具体发展以及变化细节也都要给出足够多的描述来丰富其内容，从而增加例子的可信度。

比如诚实与信任这个比较经典的独立写作话题，考生如果给出的例子是A因为撒了一次谎而从此失去了B的信任，这种例子显然就没什么可信度，一看就让人有种明显是编的，甚至编都编得不走心十分敷衍的感觉。但是如果大家给出了整件事情的前因后果，再加上一些细节渲染比如善意的谎言等等，那么这个例子就显得更加有血有肉生动形象，可信度也会大幅提升。

总而言之，考生在托福独立写作中举例是必须要用到的，而为了让例证成为得分帮手而非扣分祸首，考生不仅需要在准备例子素材时多下功夫，对于例证的具体运用方法上也要花心思才行。小编希望本文内容能够在例证技巧方面给大家带来一些参考和启发。

托福写作：题库范文附思路解析

1. How can schools help new students with their problems?

When students move to a new school, they sometimes face problems. How can schools help these students with their problems? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your answer.

『分析』

以下是大学生刚刚入学可能遇到的问题：

留学生面临文化冲突

心理问题，比如想家，独立性不够……

不了解本地地理

不懂本地方言(广州)

学习方法不适应

面对众多选修课程不知所措

不懂得使用图书馆资源

如何提供帮助?

? 设置相应课程，辅导老师

? 举办相应活动

? 设置网站，FAQ列表

『范文』

Moving to a new school is often a traumatizing experience. The student must go through the sometimes arduous process of making new friends, while attempting to keep up with school and keep in touch with old friends. There are many ways in which the school could help ease this process. In order to make new students feel less anxious about their new surroundings, it would be beneficial for the school to start a welcoming committee. Such a committee would include students from all age levels, who are particularly friendly. The committee would organize small events during lunch hours and after school to help the new student feel at home. For example, the committee could organize a lunch followed by a tour of the playground.

This would allow the new student to make new friends.

Schools should also train teachers on how to properly deal with new students. The first thing the teachers should do is to attempt to seat the new student around others who will be a good influence on him/her. This is of utmost importance, as a young student must be encouraged to socialize with smart, friendly students who have a strong work ethic.

Furthermore, a teacher must ensure that the student has a firm grasp of all the topics being taught. It is possible that the student's previous school taught different subject matter, or worked at a slower pace. The student might need extra help to catch up with the rest of the students. Conversely, a new student might be more advanced than the other students at his/her new school. If this is the case, the teacher must organize activities for the student so he/she does not become disinterested in learning. In sum, schools can greatly facilitate a student's arrival to their premises. By enlisting the help of the students and properly instructing the teachers on how to deal with such situations, the student will feel welcome and at home in his new environment.

2. Can borrowing money from a friend harm the friendship?

It is sometimes said that borrowing money from a friend can harm or damage the friendship. Do you agree? Why or why not? Use reasons and specific examples to explain your answer.

『分析』

不同意比较好写一些(因为同意的话，显得心里阴暗)

确实，有些时候，借钱给朋友之后，朋友之间的关系不再那么单纯、友好了——在没有利益关系

存在的时候，友谊显得更美好;

然而，破坏友谊的不是借钱这件事情，是借债者的人格问题;

另外，借钱可能也是考验友谊的好机会。

『范文』

There is a popular saying that if you lend a book to a friend, you lose the book and the friend. Truer words have never been spoken. Borrowing anything, especially money, can put a high level of stress on one's friendship, and is usually not worth the pain.

The first reason why borrowing money from a friend is not a good idea is because if one forgets or does not pay back the friend, the friendship could be lost. Everyone has a busy life, and it is easy to forget details. If one borrows 100 yuan from a friend, he/she can easily forget about the situation, or perhaps even think he/she has already paid back his/her friend when he/she didn't. This, of course, leads to trouble in the relationship. The friend does not know whether to ask for the money or not, as doing so could be conceived as rude.

The lender can only wait so long before he/she believes that the borrower has forgotten about the debt. At this point, the lender will begin to ask the borrower for the money, which, as mentioned above, is an uncomfortable situation. The lender does not want to have to ask for the money back, and the borrower does not want to be reminded that he/she is indebted to someone. Finally, asking a friend for money is a bad idea because it is possible he/she will refuse your request. For example, if a poor person befriend a rich person, the poor man might ask his/her friend for money. If the rich person would rather not lend out his/her money, he/she is put in the awkward situation of having to refuse his/her friend, which could harm the friendship.

Overall, I think it is a terrible idea to borrow money from friends, or lend money if it is requested. While we would like to think that our friendships are strong and true, in many cases, they are not. If you do lend money to a friend, perhaps it is best not to expect to be repaid. By treating the situation like this, one will not be upset if a friend does not return the money, and will have a pleasant surprise if the money is repaid.

托福写作：题库范文附思路解析

1. How is your generation different from your parents' generation?

Every generation of people is different in important ways. How is your generation different from your parents' generation? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your answer.

『分析』

所受教育程度(过去大学生很少，现在大学生很普遍[163])

对于人生各个方面的态度，比如，金钱、婚姻、成功;

过去的人显得价值观单一，现在的人更加多元化(diversified)

现在的孩子更加早熟(Children tend to be more premature than their former counterparts )，主要原因是随着媒体的发达，影响孩子的因素增多了。

『范文』

The world is changing and developing at a faster and faster rate all the time. Because of this, the difference between children and their parents is becoming more pronounced with each new generation. In today's society, there are many differences between the age groups. When our parents were growing up, the world was filled with turmoil. They were born into a time of war, and generally, lived through a very difficult era. Therefore, our parents are very careful to prevent accidents before they happen, and never act spontaneously. Our parents are very careful with how they spend their money, and do not spend much time relaxing. On the other hand, the current generation has grown up in a very safe, peaceful environment. We do not spend our time worrying about the future; instead, our time is spent enjoying the present.

Second, our methods of entertainment are very different from our parents. Television, computers and the Internet are relatively new inventions. Our parents did not have such luxuries when they were growing up.

Instead, they spent their free time outside, going on hikes around the city, or on bike rides. Today, most young people spend their free time inside, either watching television or playing computer games. Outdoor activities are usually saved for special occasions, such as trips outside the city. The final way that today's generation is different from the previous one is seen in how we view change and progress. As mentioned above, our parents do not enjoy living spontaneously. They like to have a set schedule, and follow it every day. Young people, however, like their lives to be full of adventure. They enjoy searching out the unknown. For example, many students spend copious amounts of time learning English so they can go abroad to a foreign university. Many of our parents will not even get on an airplane to travel across China, not to mention traveling to another continent!

In conclusion, I believe that children are vastly different from their parents in today's society. Young people do not have to struggle to live; everything comes easily to them. The older generation, however, had a much more difficult life. Such large differences in lifestyle have created a very wide generation gap.

2. Classes: teachers lecture or students do some of the talking?

Some students like classes where teachers lecture (do all of the talking) in class. Other students prefer classes where the students do some of the talking. Which type of class do you prefer? Give specific reasons and details to support your choice.

『分析』

先进行比较：各有各的好处：

只有教师一个人讲课的课堂：在保证教师质量的前提下，可以对某一专题进行更深入地分析;对学生的素质要求低一些;

学生参与交谈的课堂：对学生的素质要求高一些;不适合学习深奥(profound)的课题;

至于选择，要看是什么样的科目。

『范文』

There are basically two types of classes in university, classes, i.e., where teachers lecture and where the students do some of the talking. Both teaching and learning approaches are valuable and have their own relative merits.

Classes that are dominated by teachers' lectures may benefits students in several ways. First of all, lectures can communicate the intrinsic interest of the subject matter. The speaker can convey personal enthusiasm in a way that no book or other media can. Enthusiasm stimulates interest, and it is an undeniable fact that interested, stimulated people tend to learn more. Moreover, lectures in university settings can provide students with role models of scholars in action. The professor's way of approaching knowledge can be demonstrated for students to emulate. Furthermore, lectures can organize material in a special way. They may provide a faster, simpler method of presenting information to an audience with its own special needs. Lectures are particularly useful for students who read poorly or who are unable to organize print material.

On the other hand, lecture approaches also have some relevant weaknesses. For example, the lecture often puts students in a passive rather than an active role. As is often the case, passivity can hinder learning. At the same time, most lectures assume that all students are learning at the same pace and at the same level of understanding, which is hardly ever true. Especially, Lectures place the burden of organizing and synthesizing content solely on the lecturer. They are not well suited to higher levels of learning such as application, analysis, and synthesis.

Lectures require an effective speaker who can vary tone, pitch, and pace of delivery. Lecturers must be verbally fluent, a skill that is not stressed nor learned in many Ph.D. programs and is usually distributed unevenly among people. Lectures are therefore sometimes not well suited to complex, detailed, or abstract material.

In summary, Lecturing is probably the oldest teaching method and remains the most common form of instruction, despite the fact that some research has shown that lecturing is ineffective, especially if not combined with some alternative style of teaching. In fact, Lecturing is very appropriate for some goals and very inappropriate for others. And at the same time, the counterpart — the approach that allows students to participate discussions is equally non-universal. Therefore, I can hardly simply say that I prefer either approach. I think the choice should depend on circumstances including various factors such as the subject that is to learn, the depth that needs to explore, the quality that the lecturer or the discussing group have.

托福

篇3：托福独立写作论证素材使用方法

task：Some people believe that university students should be required to attend classes. Others believe that going to classes should be optional for students. Which point of view do you agree with? Use specific reasons and details to explain your answer.

托福备考之独立写作满分范文：

Class Attendance Should Not Be Compulsory

It is undoubtedly true that students should take their studies seriously. This means not only doing the required work, but also actively pursuing every opportunity to learn. So of course they should attend their classes to receive the maximum benefit. However, I do not believe that there is a need to make class attendance mandatory at the university level.

By the time they reach university, students are no longer children. They are young adults and should be able to take responsibility for their actions. Attending their classes is of benefit to them, and while it may be tempting to skip them once in a while, it is not the responsible choice. Adults must be able to manage their time on their own and to make their own decisions. If a student misses too many classes and so does poorly in a course, he will have to accept the consequences and learn from his mistake. Finally, non-compulsory class attendance may not only lead to improvements in the students, but also in the teaching. Of course, every professor likes to see full attendance at his classes. If students are not coming to class, the professor should ask himself why. Perhaps the students do not understand the relevance of the material to their studies.

In conclusion, I believe that class attendance should not be required for university students. They should learn to make the right decisions for themselves, and this is one way to encourage the development of independence and responsibility.

篇4：托福独立写作论证素材使用方法

task：Is it better to enjoy your money when you earn it or is it better to save your money for some time in the future? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.

托福备考之独立写作满分范文：

The Advantages of Saving Money

Everyone must work to live, but many people are fortunate enough to make more money than they immediately need. What should they do with this extra income? While it is tempting for people to spend it all on things they desire, I believe it is better to save at least a portion of the extra income for the future.

By saving money, people give themselves more security. They cannot predict the future; perhaps one day they will be jobless. At a time like this their savings can spare them a great deal of suffering and help to see them through the hard time. In addition, saving money allows people to build up a larger sum. They can then buy something more worthwhile than the small things they can but if they spend the money right away. For example, they may be able to buy a house with their savings. Finally, the practice of saving helps people develop the habit of setting goals and planning for their future. In this way they are bound to lead more meaningful and successful lives.

Most people would like to enjoy their money immediately. Nobody likes to wait for the things that he wants. However, if we learn to save our money, we can gain more advantages in the future. We will lead more secure and, thus, happier lives. We will also be able to buy the things we truly want but cannot afford right now.

英语写作

篇5：托福独立写作常见经典收尾

托福独立写作常见经典收尾范例

In summary, the conclusion reached in this argument is in valid and misleading. To make the argument more convincing, the arguer would have to prove that_____. Moreover, I would suspend my judgment about the credibility of the recommendation until the arguer can provide concrete evidence that_____. Otherwise， the arguer is simply begging the question throughout the argument.

To conclude, the argument is not persuasive as it stands. Before we accept the conclusion， the arguer must present more facts that_____. To solidify the argument, the arguer would have to produce more evidence concerning____.

As it stands, the argument is not well reasoned. To make it logically acceptable, the arguer would have to demonstrate that ____. Additionally， the arguer must provide evidence to _____.

In conclusion, the arguer fails to _____. To strengthen the argument, the arguer would have to provide evidence that____. To better evaluate the argument， we need more information about that____.

以上的这些内容就是托福写作中，最为常用的结尾范例，大家不妨在托福写作中多加练习使用。希望小编带来的资料能为大家的托福备考带来帮助。

托福写作8个热门话题构思

1、同意上大学好

(1)为未来工作进行准备

(2)交更多的朋友，学习他们的思维方式

(3)系统的学习知识

I think going to the college is the better policy.

First， preparing for you future career by learning the basic knowledge will increase your competitive power. The college is the best place where can supply you with the background knowledge of your future career.

Second， you can make more friends and learn the way of their thinking. You will be influenced by intellectual companions. You can also build up your social network in your college and make your friends be your resources.

Last， you can benefit from going to the college by learning the knowledge in a systematic way which is more efficient.

2、同意父母是最好的老师

(1)父母从小就和我们在一起，给我们很多的知识

(2)父母和我们最为亲密，在任何时候，都会毫无保留地给我们知识

(3)父母最了解我们，所以他们给我们的建议和意见都是最有针对性的

I totally agree with that parents are the best teacher.

First， they raised us up thus spending the most time with us. During the process， they teach us every tiny things in daily life.

Second， they are most intimate to us and generous to give us the knowledge and lessons whenever， whatever， wherever we need.

Last， they are the people who know us best， the suggestions and advices they give can result in the solutions we need based on the specific situation of our own.

3、食品容易保存将改变人们的生活习惯

(1)食品容易准备，节省了大量的时间，使人们可以做其他事情

(2)食品容易准备，为人们提供了更多的花样。

(3)食品容易准备，为人们的健康带来了很多好处

Easy to prepare food saves us amounts of time， (so we can do other things like studying， working or taking care of children. ) It releases people from the time-consuming cook process.

Second， the semi-prepared food also offers us with more choices. For instance， if I can only cook Chinese food， the microwave spaghetti sold in the supermarket offer me a new flavor.

Last， many people cook in an unhealthy way. We can benefit from the fast-preparing food cos they have been throng rigid quality and healthy tests before launching.

4、首先进行比较，然后说书是最重要的来源

(1)读书能够节省很多时间

(2)书是有系统性的，能够让人以很科学的方式迅速获得知识

(3)读书相对比较便宜和容易，而在寻找经验则比较昂贵和困难

Book is more important source.

Reading saves you a lot of time while learning certain knowledge. However， learning by experience can be time-consuming. For instance， I want to handle the Microsoft excel. Learning by the teaching material is efficient.

Second， books are arranged in a systematic way which allows you to gain the knowledge scientifically and fast.

Last， reading is relatively easy and cheap but experiencing can be tough and expensive sometime. Like you want to know America， reading a book is much more economical than going there instead

5、先说明优势和劣势，让后说同意建一个工厂

(1)工厂能够吸收附近很多人进行就业，对地方的经济有很大的贡献

(2)建立工厂能够促使附近其他的商业发展，例如小商店，药店等等，这可以大大方便附近的居民

(3)建造工厂，赢利后，就可以向当地政府贡献税收，政府可以利用这些钱改善社区的服务

6、一个重要的改变就是改变环境，让它变的更好

(1)环境好能改善人的身体健康，很多人因为环境而生病

(2)环境好了，吸引更多的游客来旅游

(3)环境好能够促进经济发展，吸引更多的商人来投资

7、电影和电视影响人的行为

(1)电影和电视能够让人们迅速了解整个国家和世界，丰富人的知识，让人们更加乐观

(2)电影和电视让人变的懒惰，不愿意和人接触

(3)电影和电视让人变的violent

8、电影和电视没有破坏朋友和家人的交流

(1)电影和电视的很多内容正是朋友和家人聊天的重要内容。没有电影和电视，似乎聊天就缺了很多内容。

(2)我们在很多时候是和朋友和家人一起欣赏电影和电视的，这促进了交流

(3)电影和电视现在的设计很多是让家人朋友一起参与，这实际上也促进了交流

篇6：托福独立写作常见话题

一.托福独立写作常见话题之科技类

说到“科技”，大家也许会想到如今日益发展的手机、电脑，另外还有各种各样最新出现的科技产品等。有关的科技产品让大家的生活变得更加便利，高效。

高分句型：互联网对于大家平时的生活方式有了深远的影响出现，其把大家的生活方式以及思考问题的方式都改变了。

—>_____ exerts such a profound effect on _____that _____.

满分词汇：尖端的技术—>cutting-edged(adj) technology意思是信息爆炸 —>information explosion/ information overload

二.托福独立写作常见话题之媒体类

媒体类话题涉及“电视，广播，电脑，手机”针对大家平时生活的影响。提到这些媒体，大家是可以想像到媒体对如何生活带来了如何的影响与变化。但是“效率”和“健康”是和媒体类分不开的两个写作思路。

高分句型：广告的正面影响—>For customers, advertising plays an imperative part in making them aware of the worth of the product or service...

满分词汇：实事—>current affairs充斥着...—>be awash with/ be inundated with.

三.托福独立写作常见话题之教育类

教育类话题所牵涉到的主要是学生有的基本情况，包括选课、就业以及学校活动，另外还有课下作业等更多的地方。此外，学校的一些决策、设备变更以及教师选择等会牵涉在内。环球托福小编表示教育类话题在托福写作中的占比很高，在以前参加托福写作考试里大致占的比例是25%左右的题目。现在，除了学习以外，同时还会对学生们在其他很多方面培养兴趣鼓励，例如体育，绘画和音乐等

四.托福独立写作常见话题之社会类

社会类话题牵涉了广泛的范围，关键是表示有的社会话题、事件与观点类问题。

高分句型：关于摩天大厦造的环境问题，大部分人便开始反思摩天大楼是否必要.

—>With these problems and the effect _____ has exerted on _____,many people have begun to wonder _____.

满分词汇：生活节奏加速—>the tempo/pace of life has accelerated导致人与人的疏远—>create alienation between people

托福考试作文独立写作范文：你的工作要比你的社交生活对幸福影响更大

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:

Your job has a greater effect on one’s overall happiness than your social life does.

篇7：托福独立写作常见话题

Your job has more effects on happiness than your social life does.

题目大意：你的工作要比你的社交生活对幸福影响更大。此题目涉及到抽象词“幸福”，可能小伙伴们会觉得有些难度，如果大家了解马斯洛的需求层次理论的话，本题目并不难，波波建议大家选择，两者对于幸福有同样的作用，因为工作满足了我们的物质需求，而社交生活满足了我们的社交需求。

写作参考一:

There is no denying that happiness originates in the acts of meeting people's various needs. Nowadays some people claim that happiness is more affected by the job they owned than their social life. This is a popular misunderstanding. As far as I am concerned, social life and jobs have the equal role in making people feel happy, because they can respectively satisfy people's different needs.

On the one hand, a decent and well-paid job can provide us with a large amount of money, which could fulfill our material needs and improve our living standards. For example, with adequate financial resources we can live in a spacious and well-decorated house with six bedrooms and eight restrooms. We can travel around the world and visit the Forbidden City inChina, the Liberty Statue inAmericaand the Big Ben inBritain. In addition, such a good deal of money enables us to keep fit by having nutritious diet and mineral water transferred from the water source. Meanwhile, we can hire a personal doctor around the clock in case of any emergence of disease. We do not have to wait for a long time by standing in the long and crowed lines of patients in hospitals. All these things will definitely make us feel happy.

On the other hand, the important role of social life in helping us attain happiness can not be ignored. Confucius, one of the greatest philosophers and educators inChina, once remarked that it is a pleasant thing to meet with a friend from afar, which indicates that friendship is another source of happiness. Participation in social activities will enlarge our social circle and make us make acquaintance with more people. For example, if you are a bookworm, you can take part in readers' association where you will encounter a lot people who share a common interest. Chatting and talking with them will help form a deep friendship and make you have a better mood. The reason underlying the above example is that your need of communicating with others is met by participating in social life.

In conclusion, since happiness depends on the fulfillment of one's need, social life and jobs combines together to make us happy. It is an exaggeration to say that your job has more effects on happiness than your social life.

写作参考二:

People tend to have different expectations out of a job, like personal satisfaction, higher pay, respect, and social recognition. Some people are so dedicated to their jobs that they barely have something fun life, while others tend to seek happiness outside of their professional life. Personally, I think my job has a greater impact on my overall happiness than my social life based on the following reasons.

First off, for professionals, especially newly minted college graduates, a job can provide them a great sense of satisfaction. When holding a job, one feels that he or she assumes great responsibility and has something offer back to the community regardless of ones’ positions, be it cashier, janitor, professor or even business managers. For instance, an Executive Officer can help to create jobs that benefit lots of people; chefs can create a new dish and release his creativity, at the same time customers will be amazed by his new dish; a professor gets a great sense of accomplishment when he imparts knowledge to his students or comes up a groundbreaking finding in a certain academic field. Though the happiness and satisfaction can be subtle in a working environment, nonetheless, it can be very contagious and eventually makes someone a satisfied person in life.

Additionally, holding a job can offer someone monetary incentive and it can also be an important source of motivation and happiness. Without a decent salary one cannot afford the daily necessities like paying rent, covering living expense, like utility bills, internet bills, to say nothing about living a comfortable life. A recent study on the correlation between monetary compensation and employee satisfactions published by Harvard Business Review suggests that higher financial reward affords great happiness in a working environment. Indeed, the monetary reward from the job can make someone very happy and give them a sense of achievement. With the salary, a young adult can have some disposable income and thus be more financially independent, buy things they like or take a trip somewhere.

In conclusion, a job can provide more happiness than one’s social life since career opportunities provide people a great sense of satisfaction and the monetary incentive associated with jobs can also be an important source of motivation and happiness.

托福考试作文独立写作范文：通过别人喜欢的书或电影了解一个人

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: One can learn a lot about another person from the books and the movies that the person likes.

范文参考:

Spending a significant amount of time with someone is necessary to get to know their personalities and temperaments. Sometimes, people can also tell a person’s quality and determine his or her personality by analyzing their behaviors. When it comes to the question of whether one can learn about another person from the books or movies that the person likes, I personally am in favor of this statement based on the following reasons.

First off, by judging from the books or movies or even TV programs that someone like we can tell a person’s interests and hobbies, consequently we can learn more about them. For example, My roommate back in college was really into auto magazines, TV shows and even movies featuring fancy sports cars. At first, I didn’t know him so well to know his hobbies and interests, however, I was sure at that time that he must have been a big fan of cars. Indeed, my judgment was right and he was a car freak, he likes all kinds of vehicles like sedan, SUV, recreational vehicles, etc. It is not an exaggeration to claim that he can tell not only the brand but also the version of a specific vehicle by just checking out the picture of the cockpit of the car. Ultimately, we can tell a person’s hobbies by the movies and books they like.

Additionally, the genre of the books that someone reads says a lot about the person’s character and temperament. Actually, it is natural for someone to shape their characters just because the characters in the novels or movies have a dramatic impact on the person’s behavior and attitude, regardless of the types of the characters like fairy, alien or someone with superpower. For instance, girls who read a lot of romantic novels like Gone With the Wind might be very emotional and very committed to someone they love. For someone who read science fiction novels or watch movies featuring future events and exploration of outer space tend to be very creative and willing to take risks, to be more specific, they might be someone who friends can depend on when they got stuck in some sort of exploration.

For someone who likes to read classics of all times like the works by Jane Austen or Ernest Hemingway, they tend to cherish the simplicities and trivialities in lives.

In a nutshell, by judging from the genre of the book that someone reads, not only can we tell a lot about the person’s interests and hobbies but also the person's character and temperament.

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