以下是小编精心整理的托福独立写作2选1对立观点怎么论述，本文共8篇，希望对大家有所帮助。本文原稿由网友“米爽瑗和绵绵”提供。
篇1：托福独立写作2选1对立观点怎么论述
托福独立写作2选1对立观点怎么论述?高分写法思路实例精讲
托福独立写作对立观点题型写法介绍
2选1的题目，也是独立写作最常见的题型。这种题目最大要点就是，如果有两个观点A和B，在选择了一个观点如A以后，一定要跟没有选择的观点B进行对比，而不能只是说A的好处，而不提及B。
托福独立写作独立观点题型思路演示
题目：
People who develop different skills are more successful than people who develop one skill only.
翻译：
是有一个技能更容易成功，还是有多个技能更容易成功。个人觉得选择更多技能这个立场更好写一些。
思路分析：
首先，技能多的人有更多的晋升机会。例如一个在财务部门(accounting department)的会计(accountant)如果也有市场开发(marketing)的技能，那么在marketing department有职位空缺的时候，他就可以去申请，并有机会获得比之前职位更高的岗位(晋升promotion)。相反，如果一个人只会一个技能，比如accounting，那么就只能等到accounting部门有职位空缺时再申请，那么机会就会少很多。
其次，技能多的人不易被快速发展的科技所代替。例如，一个造手机的人，如果同时会修理汽车，那么当他修手机的工作某一天被自动生产线(automatic production line)所代替(replace)的时候，他能够轻松的在汽车维修厂找到一份工作，而不至于失业(become unemployed)。相反，如果同样那个人只会造手机，而没有别的技能，那么假如自己的工作被科技所替代，他就会失业。
拓展思路：
Would you prefer a higher pay job with longer work time or an average pay job with normal work time.
选择薪水高工时长的工作;还是薪水低工时短的工作。
这个题目如果我们选择工时短的工作，就能套用刚才用的一个理由，那就是利用空闲的时间学习去掌握别的技能，这样不会轻易被现代科技所替代。
托福写作解析：考前如何备考
1. 记笔记练习
托福写作记笔记是综合写作最基本也是最重要的技能，阅读和听力的内容都要记录，尤其是讲座的内容。而尽管阅读材料隐去后还会再次出现，但是笔者还是建议在阅读的时候尽量将主要东西记下来。记录的速度取决于考生对于单词简写或速记符号的熟练程度，考生可以参考一些相关书籍和网站资料对于这些符号的介绍，然后结合自己的习惯选择最适合自己的记忆符号。
然后配合书本上的练习，用2星期左右的时间，完善和熟练自己的速记能力和归纳能力。在这段时间里，考生要将重心集中在记录的内容是否准确，概括性是否全面的练习上，而在此过程中考生自身的“短期记忆力”也会由于这样的高强度训练得到很大的提高。
2. 综合写作模板训练
经过记笔记的练习后，接下来考生要选择几套合适自己的综合写作模板。因为综合写作的要求决定了它的固定的写作方式，比如讲座要么是质疑或者反驳阅读文章，要么是支持或者加强阅读文章，所以只需要把相关描述质疑或者支持的固定语句背下来就可以。模板是多变的，所以考生不用担心使用模板会造成雷同。你们要做的就是根据题目的要求和自己的特点，演变出适合自己的写作套路。
关于模板获取的方法，建议考生可以先认真读完一篇优秀的范文;再用笔划掉其中涉及题目具体内容的部分;最后把余下来的部分抄写下来，再稍加变通和修改，就可以得到一个实用性比较强的模板。但模板造出来以后考生还要学会如何往里面填空，建议看着题目把具体内容填写进去，然后跟范文对比，找出填空的技巧所在。
3. 精读独立写作185范文
ETS官方公布的写作题库(185题)是考生在准备独立写作时候最好的材料，许多考题都是从里面选出的或者有些是类似的话题。我们建议考生在完成综合写作的备考后，先花3周左右时间，精读里面的一些文章，数量以50篇为宜。
因为一般独立写作可以分为4个类型，即支持反对型，对比选择型，自选论述型和分析解决型。考生在看范文的时候可以按照这4个类别去看文章，而第一种类型的是目前考得最多的一种类型的作文，因此考生需要作为重点类别的文章来看。通过精读，考生可以对独立写作的套路有了基本甚至深入的了解，对于下一阶段的备考复习有着很大的意义。
4. 思路的整理
独立写作的话题很多，涉及的范围也很广，因此要求考生平时对于身边的新闻和时事要有一定的了解，这样才能有东西写。在这里我们给出2个方法来扩充大家的思路：一个是从下述话题中拓展自己的思路：朋友，教育学习，个人成功，人生观，社会，家庭，时间对比，理财，环境，媒体，运动，旅游，就业，科技发展等。二是用到185范文中的观点和论据，或者有些考过雅思的同学还可以参考雅思大作文中的一些观点和思路。
5. 句型整理
和综合写作完全采用模板式的备考策略不同的是，独立写作中比较明智的方法是熟悉一些常用的句式，句型和结构，配合内容写出好句子。不需要花太多功夫来死记硬背这些模板，而是在平时习作时就精心演练这些句子，最后达到活学活用的水平。
6. 综合演练
到了该上战场的时候啦，若考生按照之前的计划按部就班地备考的话，临考前的2周时间里大家可以模拟托福写作的全过程，记住一定要在电脑里打作文，因为这样才能模拟实战的状态。此外，尽量不要用word写作文，用记事本或者其他不能自动纠错的工具。
托福备考经验:高分作文都这么写
第一步，将一篇优秀的托福独立习作翻译成英文。优秀习作的来源可是是OG给出的4、5分的范文，也可以是市面上各种辅导书所给出的参考范文。这里需要注意一个细节，我们所做出来的翻译应该和原文放在一个文档以方便我们的后续检查和比较。
第二步，打开一个新的文档，将翻译好的汉语文本进行复制粘贴。这里需要注意的是最好粘贴在非word文档里。由于word具有自动改正的功能，所以很多明显的拼写语法错误会自动修正，而在真实的考场上，ETS给出的软件完全不具备类似的功能(这本来就是考试所要考查的内容)，所以，对word依赖越大，考场之上，失误的可能性就越大。
第三步，对照自己的汉语文本，将汉语翻译成英语。
第四步，将自己的英语文本与原先的托福写作范文文本进行对比，标注出自己表达与范文表达不同的地方，并进行修改批注。但是，进行到这一步，大家千万不要以为万事大吉了，确切地说这才是做好我们整个工作的准备环节，真正关键的步骤是第五步。
第五步，也是整个环节中最重要的一步，就是要静心地思考你的英文译文同范文文本的差异，学习范文文本的起承转合的技巧，学习范文文本长句短句的错落交叉，学习范文文本的精确用词-这些都是在你的文章有了思路和结构之后阻碍你得高分的重要因素。
第六步，作为选择步骤。如果前五步，特别是第五步你已经做的无可挑剔，那么这一步可以选择不做。但是如果你在前五步做完之后还有一些困惑，那么请一定要严格执行第六步，即背下这篇范文。为什么不是直接背下范文呢?因为只有通过这样一步一步地翻译，一点一点地对比，你才能知道并且是真正你自己的表达弱点在那里。这种做法看似麻烦，其实比直接背范文的有效性要高出很多。
托福写作解析：写作段落要如何布局
托福写作解析之段落要如何布局——开头段
托福写作综合部分的开头段一般来说是首先提出听力部分的观点以及相应的论据内容。然后紧接着用连词“in addition”、”meanwhile”或者是“moreover”引出阅读部分相反或者是相同的观点以及对应的论据。托福综合写作的开头段起着交代文章主旨以及概括文章主要内容的作用。开篇交代出阅读和听力部分的关系以及相应的内容，给读者直观表达，从而方便接下来中间段的论述。因此，托福综合写作开头段的写作框架是固定不变的，考生只要根据题目内容不同，填入相应的内容即可。
托福写作解析之段落要如何布局——中间部分
在托福写作开头段做好铺垫之后，中间段落的主要内容就是论述听力和阅读之间的关系。一般来说，托福综合写作的中间段落分为3段，每一段的框架和结构是一致的，主要是提出听力部分的论点和论据，然后用一个转折连词或者递进关系的词汇，引出阅读部分的论点和论据内容。这里要注意的是三个段落之间的关系是并列的，考生可以用表示序列的“first、second、third”来连接三个段落之间的关系。
托福写作解析之段落要如何布局——结尾段
托福综合写作的结尾段和所有英语写作形式差不多，都是起到总结和概括文章内容的作用。但是，在这里，一般来说就是再次申述一下阅读和听力之间的关系即可。在这部分，标志性的连接词就是“in all、to sum up、in summary”等。虽然，结尾段看似和开头段落的内容差不多，但是，结尾段更侧重于表达听力或者阅读部分的不足，从而确定文章的一个中心。此外，还要注意的一点就是，托福综合写作部分的结尾段可以省略。
篇2：托福独立写作对立观点题写法
Case of Benjinin Franklin, gathering great minds under one roof and then establishing a most world-renown libray. Both ways work. When a practical goal is involved, however, Benjimin Franklin may best be regareded as a role model in this respect and asking people for advice often turn out to be the prime alternative.
Experience and knowledge borrowed or learned from others' advice contribute greatly to effectiveness and effeciency for a goal-accomplishment. Not all experience and knowledge related to problem-solving can be obtained by personal effort alone due to limitations of mind and capabilities of each individual. A single thought in someone's mind is, more often than not, far less shining compared with group's wisdom. That explains the famous old saying that one sees further when standing upon the shoulders' of past great giants; that explains why a great leader is always with greater minds; that also explains why teamwork in corperation is highly emphasized in the 21st century. Brainstorm and exchange of ideas between different thoughts never fail to enhance capabilities of each individula involved, a team, a company, an institution, a country, or even the entire global village.
Asking others' advice instead of getting everything done on one's own promotes democracy and communication too. In terms of democracy, it is necessary to give others rights and chances to speak since the problem may concern them in different ways, and their saying in turn reflects our respect toward freedom of speech as well as their wisdom. In terms of communication, idea exchange sometimes focuses more than solutions, and hereby better mutual understanding about perspectives, principles, praticalities and personalities of each other.
Admittely turning to others for help and suggestion by no means refers to absolute and irresponsible dependence. Consideration upon different thoughts and ideas broadens our mind, enlarges our vision, furthers understanding, enhances more effective and efficient brainstorm, and stresses mutual respect in groups and communities, which undoubtedly gives rise to better, if not the best solutions. As is paraphrased from John F Kenedy, brainstormed, there is little we cannot do while divided, there is little we can do.
篇3：托福独立写作对立观点题写法
After they complete their university studies, some students live in their hometowns. Others live in different towns and cities. Which do you think is beterr? Give reasons for your answer.
After they complete their univerrsity studies, some students preferr to live in their hometowns while others choose to live in different towns or cities. Everybody has his own reasons for his preference. After my graduation, I will go back and live in my home city. I have made this decision because of the following reasons.
Firstly, my home city is a big city that can offer a lot. There are plenty of opportunities for work, many big libraries for studies, several differrent musiums for visit, and numerous cinemas, theaters and centers for entertainment. When I go back there, I will have no difficulty in finding a job suitable for me and I can make use of all the facilities available there.
Secondly, if I go back to my home city, I can look after my parents. I take this into consideration because I am their only child and they are now weak and getting on in age. If I live in the same city with them, I can visit them very often and help them whenever it is necessary.
Thirdly, if I live in my home city, I will have a lot of friends, schoolmates and relatives to visit and to turn to for help when I need. Of course, I could get acquainted with many people and make many friends if I were to go to live in a strange place, but that takes time. If I go back to my home city, everybody will be waiting for me and I will be able to settle down comfortably without any trouble and waste of time.
In short, my choise is based on a careful consideration of my home city and my family. I think it is a better or sensible choice; in a certain sense, it is a must.
Neighbors are the people who live near us. In your opinion, what are the qualities of a good neighbor? Use specific details and examples in your answer.
托福
篇4：托福独立写作论述精选句型
1.This view is now being questioned by more and more people.
这一观点正受到越来越多人的质疑。
2.Although many people claim that, along with the rapidly economic development, the number of people who use bicycle are decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The information I've collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.
尽管许多人认为随着经济的高速发展，用自行车的人数会减少，自行车可能会消亡， 然而，这几年我收集的一些信息让我相信自行车仍然会继续在现代社会发挥极其重要的作用。
3.Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.
环境学家指出：持续增加的污染不仅会导致像全球变暖这样严重的问题，而且还将威胁到人类在这个星球的生存。
4.In view of such serious situation, environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before.
考虑到这些严重的状况，我们比以往任何时候更需要像自行车这样的环保型交通工具。
5.Using bicycle contributes greatly to people's physical fitness as well as easing traffic jams.
使用自行车有助于人们的身体健康，并极大地缓解了交通阻塞。
6.Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle, it is not without its problem.
尽管自行车有许多明显的优点，但是它也存在它的问题。
7.Bicycle can't be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.
在速度和舒适度方面，自行车是无法和汽车、火车这样的交通工具相比的。
8.From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.
通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论：自行车的优点远大于缺点，并且在现代社会它仍将发挥重要作用。
9.There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes. One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.
当前在高校和研究机构对教育存在着大量争论，其中一个问题就是教育是否是个终身学习的过程。
10.This issue has caused wide public concern.
这个问题已经引起了广泛关注。
托福写作范文：小组学习
篇5：托福独立写作论述精选句型
People have different styles of studying. Some prefer the solitude of studying alone, while others thrive on the social interaction that comes from studying in a group. Certain subjects, as well, lend themselves more easily to one style versus the other. In many ways, the choice between individual and group study comes down to whether one enjoys the presence of others while studying, or finds that the more people involved in the conversation the greater the distraction. All in all, I prefer group study for two primary reasons.
First, group study allows for a social element that makes studying fun rather than arduous. If I sit alone, my mind often becomes distracted, and I easily lose focus. When I am working with a group, however, the social dynamics keeps constantly engaged in the studying process. For example, while I was studying at Oxford, I was working with a cohort of six other international students on a group project. Had I had to work on this project individually, it would have been boring, and I would not have put much effort into it. However, given the fact that each person in our cohort was from a different culture and country, working together was an exploration of different worldviews and philosophies of study, which made it an enjoyable exercise. I walked away from the project knowing more about my classmates’ lives, families and methods of working, as well as my own.
A second reason I prefer studying in a group is that I am able to clarify ideas by bouncing them off of other members of the group. For instance, at law school we are regular asked to identify the potential actions for a case, as well as defenses that the accused might raise. Working alone, I am able to identify perhaps eighty percent or so of the claims and defenses in the assignment. When I work with a few of my classmates, however, we usually are able to clearly identify all of the salient claims and defenses, and joke around while doing it. Different minds think and interpret differently, which leads to a broader range of answers.
In summary, I prefer studying in a group setting because studying in a group incorporates a social element to studying that makes it more enjoyable, and working in a group allows me to identify more solutions than I would be able to alone. In life, one generally has to be able to work with others in an effective manner, and studying in a group is an easy way to hone this skill.
来源：哈佛21篇
篇6：托福独立写作论述精选句型
1. People have different styles of studying.
人们有不同的学习风格
2. Some prefer the solitude(独处，清净) of studying alone, while(表对比) others thrive on(喜欢=prefer) the social interaction(社交) that comes from studying in a group.
一些人喜欢独自学的清净，而另一些人喜欢源自小组学习的社交。
3. Certain subjects, as well, lend themselves more easily to(更适合...) one style versus(vs对) the other.
某些学科相对于其他学科来说也更适合一种风格。
4. In many ways, the choice between individual and group study comes down to(归结为) whether one enjoys the presence of others while studying, or finds that the more people involved in the conversation the greater the distraction.
从很多方面来说，选择独自学习和小组学习归结为是否享受在学习时他人的存在,或发现更多的人参与谈话，就越分心。
5. All in all, I prefer group study for two primary reasons(表达观点句式).
总之，我更倾向于小组学习因为两个主要原因。
6. First, group study allows for a social element that makes studying fun rather than arduous(艰难的).
首先，小组学习允许社交，这使学习变得有趣而不困难。
7. If I sit alone, my mind often becomes distracted, and I easily lose focus.
如果我独自坐着,我会容易分心,而且我容易注意力不集中。
8. When I am working with a group, however, the social dynamics keeps constantly engaged in the studying process.
然而，当我和一群人一起工作，社交动力让我持续参与学习过程。
9. For example, while I was studying at Oxford, I was working with a cohort of (一群，一组)six other international students on a group project(小组项目).
比如说，当我在牛津学习时，我和六个其他国际学生一起完成一个小组项目。
10. Had I had(虚拟语气) to work on this project individually, it would have been boring, and I would not have put much effort into(对...付出努力) it.
假如我需要独自完成这个项目，会很枯燥，而且我不会在这上面付出太多努力。
11. However, given the fact that(考虑到...) each person in our cohort(=group was from a different culture and country, working together was an exploration of different worldviews(世界观) and philosophies(philosophy哲学) of study, which made it an enjoyable exercise.
但是，考虑到我们组的每一个人都来自于不同的文化和国家，一起工作是对不同世界观和学习理念的探索，这会成为一次愉快的练习。
12. I walked away from the project knowing more about my classmates’ lives, families and methods of working, as well as my own.
离开这个项目时我更加了解我同学以及自己的生活，家庭和工作方式。
13. A second reason I prefer studying in a group is that I am able to clarify(澄清，阐明) ideas by bouncing them off(bounce off大发议论)of other members of the group.
我喜欢小组学习的第二个原因是我能通过和小组其他成员观点碰撞澄清自己的想法。
14. For instance, at law school we are regular asked to identify the potential actions for a case, as well as defenses that the accused might raise.
比如说，在法学院我们会定期被要求识别出一个案例的潜在行动以及被告方有可能提出的辩护。
15. Working alone, I am able to identify perhaps eighty percent or so of the claims and defenses in the assignment.
独自学习，我能够我能够识别作业中百分之八十的诉求和辩护。
16. When I work with a few of my classmates, however, we usually are able to clearly identify all of the salient(突出的) claims and defenses, and joke around while doing it.
然而当我和几位同学一起学习时，我通常能清楚识别所有突出的诉求和辩护，而且能在完成任务的同时开玩笑。
17. Different minds think and interpret differently, which leads to a broader range of(更广泛的) answers.
不同人想法和解释不同，这带来了更多的答案。
18. In summary, I prefer studying in a group setting(背景，环境) because studying in a group incorporates(包含) a social element to studying that makes it more enjoyable, and working in a group allows me to identify more solutions than I would be able to alone.
总之，我更喜欢小组学习，因为小组学习给学习融入了社交元素，让学习更有趣，而且小组工作让我比独自学习发现更多的解决方案。
19. In life, one generally has to be able to work with others in an effective manner, and studying in a group is an easy way to hone this skill(磨练技能).
生活中，一个人通常不得不以一种有效的方式同他人合作，而且小组学习是一种提升技能的简单方式。
托福写作范文：独立学习还是小组学习好
托福写作真题题目：
Some people like to study alone while other prefer to study in a group. Which one do you think is more effective?
托福写作模板及参考答案：
托福写作范文参考:
Educators and researchers have never stopped the examination of the importance and relevance of collaborative learning that are encouraged by middle schools. When compared with studying alone, I personally believe that it is far more beneficial to students when working in groups for the following reasons.
First off, working in a group finishing group projects can be very conducive for students since they can help students to study more effectively and get exposure in real-world issues. If teachers categorize students and organize them in small study groups, chances are that they would solve complex issues together, like research the history of the city, examine the water quality of the local town, so on and so forth. Students can develop critical thinking skills as well as learn to collect and analyze information from multiple sources. A recent study conducted by the University of Minnesota backed up the claim that study teams, collaborative learning and group projects are far more effective in helping students to develop useful skills than traditional teacher-led teaching approach. In fact, when learning in groups, students have to do some research about the topic they are expected to discuss beforehand, which helps them to clear up some misunderstandings and boast their enthusiasm of academic exploration.
Additionally, as the saying goes: “many hands make light work”, actually it remains as relevant today as it did a century ago. Working in groups has much deeper implications beyond students’ academic experience, to be more specific, it helps to develop skills like cooperation, organization and leadership. When learning in a group, every single student gets a chance to contribute their knowledge to the group, they can learn to appreciate the work of other simultaneously. What’s more, they have to work closely with others for the same goal otherwise they might not be able to compete with other study groups. More importantly, students will get exposure to distinctive perspectives and at the same time learn how to accept different points of view and find common ground in this process. Such an educational experience will not only be helpful for their future study but also beneficial to them when they have to deal with coworkers, clients, and teammates in a professional setting in the future. Numerous studies have shown that students who have prior experience working with others enjoy a better chance to be successful in their future career.
In conclusion, working together in a group has far more meaningful implications than working alone since collaborative learning helps students to learn much more effectively and develop important skills that are vital for their future study and career.
篇7：托福独立写作论述优质句型
托福独立写作论述用典型句式一览 优质句型不可不会
1.It must be noted that learning must be done by a person himself.
必须指出学习只能K自己。
2.A large number of people tend to live under the illusion that they had completed their education when they finished their schooling. Obviously, they seem to fail to take into account the basic fact that a person's education is a most important aspect of his life.
许多人存在这样的误解，认为离开学校就意味着结束了他们的教育。显然，他们忽视了教育是人生重要部分这一基本事实。
3.As for me, I'm in favor of the opinion that education is not complete with graduation, for the following reasons：
就我而言，我同意教育不应该随着毕业而结束的观点，有以下原因：
4.It is commonly accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduate.
人们普遍认为高校是不可能在毕业的时候教会他们的学生所有知识的。
5.Even the best possible graduate needs to continue learning before she or he becomes an educated person.
即使最优秀的毕业生，要想成为一个博学的人也要不断地学习。
6.It is commonly thought that our society had dramatically changed by modern science and technology, and human had made extraordinary progress in knowledge and technology over the recent decades.
人们普遍认为我们的现代科技使我们的社会发生了巨大的变化，近几十年人类在科技方面取得了惊人的进步。
7.Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.
现在越来越多的人开始相信学习新的技术和知识能直接帮助他们获得工作就会或提升的机会。
8.An investigation shows that many older people express a strong desire to continue studying in university or college.
一项调查显示许多老人都有到大学继续学习的愿望。
9.For the majority of people, reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment after their retirement.
对大多数人来讲，退休以后，阅读或学习一项新技术已成为他们生活的中心和快乐的来源。
10.For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style, it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge. Just as an old saying goes: it is never too late to learn.
对于那些想过上健康而有意义的生活的人们来说，找时间学习一些新知识是很重要的，正如那句老话：活到老，学到老。
托福写作之满分作文的三大核心
ETS 8月发布了托福考生成绩报告，中国托福考生平均分78分，6年来几乎没啥变化，其中写作20分。讲真，这个分数比较符合语言学习规律，没有大量的输入就不会有更好的输出。从小到大，我们英语作文没少写，可托福写作还是容易遇到瓶颈，18—20—20—19，和国足的战绩一样稳定，归根结底6个字：“没有掌握方法”。
满分作文的三大核心是结构、内容和语言
首先我们先从结构、内容和语言三个方面揭秘托福作文独立任务得满分的真相。
以下题为例： Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Life today is easier and more comfortable than it was when your grandparents were children. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinions.
一、结构
按题材划分，独立任务属于议论文，而论点、理由、论据、结论和论证是议论文的五个要素。具体来说，“论点”是文章的核心，“理由”是论点成立的依据，两者构成因果关系;“论据”是对理由的具体解释，多为事例;“结论”是对观点的重申，两者一脉相承、头尾呼应;而整个写作过程就是一个“论证”的过程。
要想作文得高分，这五要素就必须面面俱到，如此才能写出结构严谨、条理清晰的高分作文
先上一篇范文(下拉可见全文)：
As society progresses remarkably, tremendous changes have taken place in people’s life. Nevertheless, some senior citizens cherish the memory of good old days with healthy environment and harmonious interpersonal relationships. As far as I’m concerned, despite serious environmental pollution and prevalence of materialism, 【背景介绍，作者给出了两个时代的对比】 I still believe today’s life to be easier and more comfortable than it was when our grandparents were children. 【提出论点】 I am going to elaborate my viewpoint from three aspects as follows. 【过渡句，承上启下】
To begin with, modern communication technology has changed our lives a lot and provides us with much convenience. 【理由 1】To be more specific, with the wide application of smartphones and the Internet, it is possible for people to contact each other even if they live separately. 【论证为什么理由 1 可以推出观点】 For example, Lily, one of my best friends, is lucky to be admitted into a famous university in America, which means we cannot always hang out together. But thanks to the modern communication technology, we still keep frequent touch with each other on Skype anytime, anywhere. Therefore we feel never apart.
【例子 1】
Besides, a variety of means of transportation make it quick and cozy for people to travel. 【理由 2】 Subways, taxis, private cars, high-speed railways shorten the distance between places. 【论证为什么理由 2 可以推出观点】A good example in point is that my grandparents used to live in suburbs, and anytime they want to do some shopping in urban center, it usually took them 2 hours, owing to bumpy roads and low-efficient old-fashioned vehicles. On the contrary, with great improvement of road condition and advanced traffic modes, they only have to spend 20 minutes a most traveling from home to the city. If it is very hot in summer, all modern vehicles are air-conditioned, which can make the trip very comfortable.
【例子 2】
Last but not least, today’s ample food supply and various food choices are something beyond imagination in the past. 【理由 3】 Decades ago, in China, all foods used to be arranged by the government. In other words, it was impossible for people to purchase what they liked to eat. 【论证为什么理由 3 可以推出观点】 For example, an average family was only allocated 1 pound of pork and 2 pounds of rice. In contrast, nowadays, we never have to worry about the lack of food because supermarkets and snack bars abound.
【例子 3】
To sum up, because of the progress of economy and technology, I am convinced that life at present is more comfortable and easier, which can be well demonstrated through examples of convenient communication, quick and cozy traffic modes and sufficient food supply and choices. 【总结理由，重申观点】 If our government takes efficient measures to solve the environmental problem, our world will become a better place to live.
【提出建议，展望未来】
议论文除了五要素，在给出论点之前多会有简单的背景介绍，不需要长，三两句话即可，为论点的提出造势。
二、内容
这篇范文通过通讯、交通和饮食三个方面，共同论证现在的孩子相较其祖父辈生活的更轻松、舒适，每个理由下面都有具体的事例作为细节支撑，让论证更有说服力。
以饮食为例，作者举例说，以前食品由政府分配，数量有限制，人们不能随心所欲买到需要的食品;而现在则大不一样，在超市里人们可以买到任何所需物品。这种新旧对比，更鲜明的表现出现代社会物资丰富、人们的选择权增加，由此可推断人们的生活变得更便捷、舒适，从而证明论点。
三、语言
一篇高分作文在语言上，首先要保证语法正确，用词恰当，这样才能准确达意。在此基础上可以追求更多样、高级的表达。例如，文章开头要表现“社会发展迅速，人们的生活发生了天翻地覆的变化”这一含义，最常见的表达为：
Sample 1: Our society develops quickly, and people’s life has changed greatly.
Sample 2: With the rapid development of society, enormous change has happened in people’s life.
Sample 3: As society progresses remarkably, tremendous changes have taken place in people’s life.
通过三个句子对比可知，其中“迅速”的三种表达方式，quickly 最为平淡，rapid 居中，remarkable 最佳。同样的，要表达“翻天覆地”的含义，tremendous 就要比 great 或者 enormous 好的多，其他替换的词还有 considerable，drastic，significant 等等。
语言的优化需要不断的积累和练习，多记多练，不断扩充自己的语料库，唯有如此，文章才会写的越来越漂亮，但是咱们很多考生平时不练笔，不积累语料，想单纯依赖“复杂单词，黄金句型”就拿高分——基本没戏。
托福写作之高价值词汇整理
残忍的，野蛮的--ferocious bloodthirsty brutal cruel fierce vicious wild
atrocious
邪恶的，有害的，致命的—sinister, a sinister smile. diabolic corrupt forbidding可怕的, 令人难亲近的 pernicious
virulent
秘密的，偷偷的--cryptic含有隐义的; 晦涩难懂的; 神秘的 furtive, furtive movements偷偷摸摸的, 鬼鬼祟祟的, 秘密的 covert隐蔽的; 不公开的; 秘密的: covered hidden hideaway shelter , sneak
veileds避难所--asylum haven home institution refuge shelter harbor
节约的--frugal
浪费的，挥霍的—prodigal(They are prodigal in their expenditures) extravagant lavish spendthrift wasteful squander
浪费时间，逗弄，嬉戏--dally dawdle delay lag linger loiter
祝福，感谢--benediction bless bliss blessing
欺骗，诈骗—deceive
hoodwink
逃避工作—v.malinger 装病(以逃避工作或责任)goldbrick逃避勤务的士兵 relinquish 放弃
揭密，泄漏--uncover disclose expose open reveal unmask
掠夺，抢劫--loot predate rob pillage plunder sack spoil despoil burglarize
angle
诽谤，中伤--aspersion slander derogate calumniate libel discredit denigrate
赞扬--extol compliment glorify laud praise commend acclaim eulogize eucomium
颂词，表扬--laud eulogy ode hymn
反对，不赞成--demur deprecate dissent dissident
否认，拒绝，驳斥-- contradict dispute refute renounce naysay reject
repudiate gainsay
哀悼，后悔，哀叹--deplore bemoan regret lament dirge bewail repent
驱逐，出境--deport banish expel expatriate evict exile oust exclude
ostracism
居住--dwell abide reside inhabit occupy
夸张，吹牛--vaunt exaggerate bombast overstate full-blown overdo magnify
amplify
夸张的--stilted lofty
活泼的--vivacious active animated brisk dynamic energetic exuberant gay
lively
恶作剧的，顽皮的--prankish naughty impish elfish devilish mischievous puckish
笨拙的，麻烦的--cumbersome bulky burdensome clumsy troublesome unmanageable
bothersome gauche antic awkward ham-handed
**，骚动--agitation bother commotion fret stir riot squall
大风暴--tempest violence storm
大混乱，大灾难--havoc calamity catastrophe misfortune disaster mishap tragedy
巨大的，惊人的--prodigious colossal enormous extraordinary gigantic huge
immense mammoth vast tremendous
例外的，奇特的，罕见的--exceptional remarkable stupendous
奇妙的，不可思议的--miraculous wonderful marvelous
大胆的，莽撞的--audacious bold brave daring gallant heroic valiant prowess
多产的，丰富的，繁茂的--prolific fecund fertile fruitful productive
munificent prosperous affluent flourish opulent well-off plentiful abundant
贫瘠的，不孕的，不毛之地--barren sterile
贫困的，贫乏的，没钱的--indigent penurious penury impecunious improvished
needy down-and -out penniless wretched destitute bankrupt
手铐，束缚--shackle handcuff manacle chain bind fetter
神秘的--mysterious esoteric occult
取消，撤销，废除--resciss repeal nullify abolish quash withdraw abrogate
abolish annul cancel invalidate recall rescind revoke nullify retract
overrule
使衰弱，使衰老--enfeeble enervate debilitate weaken vitiate
虚弱的，衰老的--feckless flaccid flagging languid effete
耻辱，污名--tarnish stain slur disgrace brand blemish stigma discredit
humiliation
持久的--everlasting perpetual permanent endurable abiding eternal
短暂的 --momentary temporary transient ephemeral evanescent provisional
谨慎的，警觉的--wary chary vigilant discreet considerate cautious prudent
careful circumspect
责备，指责，咒骂--accuse blame censure charge denounce impugn impeach indict
execrate condemn criticize reproach reprove disapprove upbraid vituperate
reprove injure reprehend rebuke inveigh diatribe abuse lambaste obloquy
invective
免责，确定无罪--exempt exonerate exculpate invulnerable absolve
妨碍，阻挠--filibuster encumber impede hamper hinder stymie curb obstruct
restrain retard hamper thwart foil clog check occlude
挑剔的--meticulous nitpick finicky finical exacting censoring fussy
fastidious choosy critical particular selective pernickety prissy
punctilious prudish
苛责，吹毛求疵的--carp cavil pick criticize quibble
镇压--quell appease extinguish hush lull mollify pacify quiet smother
stifle subdue suppress squelsh foil slake quench
刺激--rouse arouse awaken excite foment anger inflame kindle move pique
provoke disquiet incense whet stimulate stir instigate galvanize vex rile
roil annoy aggravate disturb irritate
放纵--indulge coddle pamper pander-to mollycoddle humor cater dote-on
sybarite voluptuary wanton spoil
笨蛋，傻瓜--dolt numskull dunce blockhead lout idiocy idiot cretin half-wit
fool dullard imbecile moron simpleton prat oaf slouch dull-head
愚蠢--idiocy stupidity absurdity madness lunacy folly
愚蠢的--crass doltish oafish imbecilic moronic fatuous vacuous
伪造，掺假--adulterate forge counterfeit falsify bogus
真正的，纯种的--genuine authentic
真实的，坦诚的，诚实的--candid candor frank fair genuine open pure
trustworthy trustful veracious virtuous
新手，生手--apprentice neophyte novice typo greenhorn freshman uninitiated
verdant
预言，预知，预告--presage predict forecast foresee foretell portend portent
prophesy anticipate omen divine soothsay augur forebode presentiment
犹豫，停滞--balk boggle scruple demur falter flounder pause vacillate waver
hesitate
消除，除去--efface erase obliterate raze eliminate exterminate
闲扯，瞎说--drivel prate babble chat chatter gossip blab prattle babble
gabble jabber
温顺的，驯服的--tame obedient meek gentle docile tame bonhomie
效忠，尊敬--homage adoration deference esteem honor respect reverence
veneration
忠诚--fidelity allegiance attachment devotion faith fealty loyalty
精确，准确--accuracy exactness exactitude precision
简洁的--concise terse curt brief succinct compendious condensed compressed
laconic
大纲，摘要--précis compendium compendia abstract summary synopsis
扼要，说明--recapitulate summarize outline
民意测验，民意调查--gall-up pollster
使成僵局，僵局--stalemate deadlock
粗略的，大概的,粗糙的--schematic cursory coarse crude rough vulgar churlish
husky
吸引人的--intriguing alluring appealing attractive bewitching captivate
charming enchanting enticing fascinating interesting inviting tantalizing
tempting thrilling winning ingratiating
优势，主权，权势--clout ascendance ascendancy authority preponderance
majority
荒谬的，愚蠢的，可笑的--preposterous absurd silly ridiculous senseless
nonsensical
合理的--logical national reasonable sound
一致的，相等的，同样的--congruent tantamount commensurate
和睦，一致--concord harmony agreement rapport conformity
分配，给予，分发--allocate allot apportion assign distribute divide
相称的，合适的，应得的--condign becoming fitting proper suitable appropriate
微不足道的--trivial frivolous measly paltry superficial trifling worthless
以上就是托福写作中很大可能会遇到的词汇，大家要记牢这些词汇，尤其是自己常用的但是不精确的词更要记住，在托福写作中，词汇短语的出彩，会让整片作文更有趣味性更精彩生动，分数自然会高，那么为了作文的满分计划，多记些单词短语吧，日常生活中也可用到。
篇8：托福独立写作如何进行分段论述
托福独立写作如何进行分段论述?议论文格式要求不可不知
托福独立写作段落要求介绍
在应试型议论文写作中，通常遵循引言段-主体段-结论段的“三步曲”。主题段落提供了论证观点的理由，是整个文章的主体，占分最大。一篇满分作文必须论据充分。
1.Write a topic sentence for each paragraph you plan to write. Each topic sentence should relate to your thesis statement and introduce what the paragraph will be about. If you find that the topics you want to discuss do not support the thesis statement you have written， revise your thesis statement or reconsider your topic sentences.
(每个主体段都必须有一个明确的主题句)
2.Write ideas that support your topic sentences. The topic sentence for each paragraph tells the reader what the paragraph will be about. The ideas stated in the rest of the paragraph should all relate to the topic sentence.
(支持句必须围绕主题句展开)
托福独立写作如何进行分段?
新托福满分作文(5分)也要求“is well organized and well developed， using clearly appropriate explanations， exemplifications， and/or details”，同样必须通过主体段落发展来实现。一般来说，一篇议论文必须包含至少两个主体段。每个主体段都必须有明确的主题句“topic sentence”和若干支持句“supporting sentences”。他们共同组成文章的理由段，对全文的论点提供理由支持。
托福写作解析：Money and success
托福写作练习题目：
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Only people who earn a lot of money are successful. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
写作思路分析：
不能同意。Only是绝对修饰词。
确实，往往成功的一个表象是金钱的多少。
钱不是衡量成功的唯一的标准。黑社会分子(members of criminal syndicate)、一些黑心的商人(evil-minded businessman)。
有些职业收入远不如其他行业，比如，我国的教师，护士。
成功的定义更应该基于社会贡献：甘地(Gandhi)就身无分文(without a cash in his pocket);特蕾莎修女( Nurse Theresa )也是好例子。
不同意挣了很多钱的人是成功的
(1)钱不代表一切。很多人非常富有，但是是因为他们的成就，人们才认为他成功/
(2)有些人非常贫穷，如有些科学家，但是他们作出了巨大的成就，被认为所纪念，他们虽然没有钱，也一样成功的
(3)有些人虽然挣了很多钱，但是都是非法的，所以他们并不成功。
参考范文：
Money and success
Since people's criteria for success differ, there is much debate over whether only those who make a lot of money are successful. As far as I am concerned, in today's society that stresses on individual achievement, money provides the best evaluation of one's accomplishment.
To begin with, as a standardized measurement used for comparing values, money is objective rather than subjective, so it is considered an authentic reflection of one's achievement. As different people hold different understandings of success, assessing the amount of one's earnings has become universally accepted as a rule to measure one's success. Each year, Fortune Magazine publishes a special issue to rank the top 100 most successful people throughout the world according to their yearly income, because there are no other methods to rely on.
In addition, the amount of money one makes is the consequence of one's hard work and talent. To deny the accomplishment wealth brings is equal to deny the sources from which it springs. In the past, I only believed in spiritual values and then leapt rashly to the conclusion that the best thing in life involves no money at all. It is my uncle who showed me the significance of money and changed my opinion. He told me he respected money and made it a goal to strive for in his way towards success. Because he would have to pay a price for it in terms of time, thought and energy. Gradually, I came to realize it is the mental and physical labor he devotes in the process of making money that paves his way for selfaccomplishment, and thus deserves appreciation and respect.
Finally, money is the most powerful possession in one's lifetime. As everyone knows, success is the ability to do whatever one wants to and to be satisfied with oneself. There is hardly anything that can be done without a certain amount of money. Indeed, with money, one can meet his or her material demand in life, such as taking effective medicines, living in magnificent houses, eating various delicious food, and so on. Also, with money, one can do a lot of meaningful things to benefit others, such as donations to poor people. All these will not only satisfy one's need for personal fulfillment, but also add grandness to one's success.
In conclusion, money serves as a measurement of one's achievement. But we should keep in mind that only those who obtain money by hardworking and use it to benefit the society are really successful.
托福写作解析：Member vs leader
一、托福写作练习题目：
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is better to be a member of a group than to be the leader of a group. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
二、写作思路分析
讨论做leader的好处：主动，可以操纵更多的资源，获得更多;缺点：风险大
讨论做member的好处：安逸;没有风险;缺点：收获较小
做leader和member一定程度上与一个人的性格有关。
另外，还要看是做什么的group。视情况而定。
不同意，应当成为团队的领袖
(1)当领袖有责任感，领袖总是要做最多的工作，这激励着自己能把事情作好。
(2)锻炼自己的团队合作能力。
(3)能够学到更多的知识。
三、参考范文
Member vs. leader
According to my opinion, it is always better to be a leader than a follower. True leader show initiative. They take actions and they assume responsibilities. A leader makes a decision. Some followers may approve of the decision, others may complain about it. However, these followers all chose to follow, not to lead. They chose not to make a decision. That's how I am different. I am not a follower. I want to make decisions.
A good leader will not react to events, but will anticipate them. A leader will start a plan of action and then will persuade others to follow. For example, a class president at a local college may feel that the relationship between the community and the campus is not a good one. The citizens may feel that the college kids make too much noise on the street, litter public areas, and shop in other communities. A good class president will recognize that the community and the campus depend on one another. The president will ask the student body to keep noise down, help clean up the neighborhood, and work with businesses to attract students. A good leader takes the initiative.
Good leaders must be action-oriented. Having taken the initiative, they must see the job though. They have to take charge and lead the followers. They have to motivate and encourage the followers. The followers (in this example, the student body) must understand why good relations with the community are necessary. The followers must be persuaded to do something about it.
I enjoy taking the initiative, determining the direction, and being responsible for my actions. I do not want to suffer through other people's stupid decisions. If there are going to be stupid ways to do something, let them be mine. Would not you agree?
托福写作解析：Hand vs machine
托福写作练习题目：
Some items (such as clothes or furniture) can be made by hand or by machine. Which do you prefer — items made by hand or items made by machine? Use reasons and specific examples to explain your choice.
写作思路分析：
这道题选择比较自由，无论选哪一种都行，只要列出几个好的理由。(注意，家具也有很多种，根据不同的种类，也可以有不同的偏好)
手工：可以按照特定要求制作，有特色;成本高;
机械：一般批量生产，所以相对缺乏特色;成本低
喜欢用机器做的东西
(1)机器做的东西比较便宜
(2)机器做的东西比较耐久(DURABLE，LASTING)。
(3)机器做的东西更加好看。
参考范文：
Hand vs. machine
From my point of view, there are many factors affecting whether to choose an item made by hand or by machine. The main factor to make a judgment is whether we use the item for our daily life or for collection and decoration purposes.
For items used in our daily life, the choices we make depend on the following factors: function, form, and price. Function is the most important thing for us. If a product is beautiful, but it is not able to perform the function, it can only be called a decoration, or a piece of garbage. For example, when we buy a TV, what we really care about first it is the quality of the picture and sound, how many stations it can receive, and whether it can be connected easily to the VCR and DVD player at home. The second factor that affects our choice of a product for daily use is its form. Is the TV too big, too small, or too ugly? Will it fit into the living room? Will it be compatible with the colors of other appliances and the furniture? The third factor we may consider is the price. Even if we are very happy with the item, there is no meaning if we cannot afford it.
So, in our daily life, there is really no difference whether our clothes or furniture are made by hand or made by machine. It just doesn't matter as long as they can perform their function. For items for collection and decoration, it is a completely different story. Ancient tools and historical artifacts have more market and educational value than modern day massively produced products, and traditional handicrafts make good tourist souvenirs and beautiful decoration for the house. Therefore, when it comes to items for collection and decoration, I would definitely choose items made by hand, because they are just so special.
In conclusion, depending on different items and different uses, I will make different choices.
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