把握3大托福口语转述技巧 托福口语满分很简单

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下面小编给大家整理把握3大托福口语转述技巧 托福口语满分很简单,本文共5篇,希望大家喜欢!本文原稿由网友“DRUNK”提供。

篇1:把握3大托福口语转述技巧 托福口语满分很简单

意译,也叫Paraphrase (to express in a shorter or clearer way what someone has written or said) 就是用你所知道的,或者对你来说较容易的词汇、短语、以及语法去对那些难懂的语句和单词进行解释。

托福口语转述技巧二 总结

总结Summarize (to make a short statement giving only the main information and not the details of a plan, event, report, etc.) 就是用简练话语概括描述一篇材料的中心思想。新托福口语考试的听、读材料都不长,三言两语即可概括全文的中心意思,没必要长篇大论。当然,时间也不允许这样做。所以,考生要在平常托福口语备考中多加练习高度概括的口头表达能力。

托福口语转述技巧三 间述

考生在托福口语考试应该采用“间接转述”的方法:针对特定问题,用自己的话把读到、听到的对话内容或演讲内容再重复出来。对考生来说,这当然是一个更高层次的要求。因为,首先要听得懂、读得懂别人的观点,其次才能在此基础上进行加工处理,再用自己的语言再陈述出准确意思来。此时此刻,这种技巧将转化为一个极为有效的、甚至是高效的手段,以此来达到“借鸡下蛋”的目的。 下面我们将用两个例子来说明这个技巧:

a.Tom said: “I've already seen the film.”

Tom said that he had already seen the film.

b.My mother said: “I'm so tired that I don't want to cook. Shall we eat out tonight?

My mother said that she was so tired that she didn't want to cook and she suggested that we should eat out that day.

同时,考生在运用转述的时候,也需要注意以下几个方面:

⑴ 在转述的引语前一般要用连词that:

⑵ 要根据意思改变人称;

⑶ 当要转述的言语为连贯的话语时,应用go on(继续),continue(接着),add(补充)等,以及各种引述动词,如:note(指明),remark(谈及)

⑷ 要根据意思改变时态。相同地,指示代词、地点及时间状语也应该要作必要改动。

以上的小技巧能对考生的托福口语有所帮助,但最重要的还是要依靠考生自身的日常练习。只有多加练习,运用技巧,考试的时候才能自如地将其发挥出来。

托福口语练习中常用的词汇

为了帮助考生们更好地备战托福考试,小编为您带来“平时练习托福口语经常使用的词汇”,希望对大家有所帮助!

关键词汇:

airport, boat,bus,coach 大客车;conductor 售票员;driver,inspector 检查员,稽查员;lorry 卡车 (美作:truck),passenger,plane,pedestrian 行人;ride乘车;ship,taxi,taxicab,traffic,trolleybus 无轨电车;underground,tube,subway 地铁;van 厢式货车;etc。

常用短语:

bus stop 汽车站;cargo boat 货船;commercial vehicle 商用车;double-decker bus 双层公共汽车;elevated railway,overhead railway 高架铁路;highway code 交通法规;minimum fare (of a taxi) 最低车费;open to traffic 通车;passenger boat 客船;private car,railway network 铁路网;railway transport 铁路运输;road user 道路使用者;rush hour,taxi driver,cab driver 出租车司机;taxi rank,taxi stand 计程车车站;出租车总站;traffic jam交通拥挤;traffic policeman 交通警察;urban railway 市区铁路;utility car 公共车辆;etc。

连接词:

(1)表选择关系或对等关系的连接词:either…or…,neither…nor,or,as well as…, and, both…and…。

(2)表因果关系或对等关系的连接词:therefore, so,as a result,as the result of …,because of,due to …,owing to,thanks to等。

(3)表时间顺序的连接词:the moment,as soon as,at first,then,later,meanwhyle,at the beginning,in the end,before long,for the first(second…)time,the minute等。

(4)表转折关系的连接词:yet,and yet,but ,while,on the contrary,on the other hand, however,at the same time(然而)等。

(5)表解释说明的连接词:that is,that is to say,in other words,such as,for instance,and so on,etc. and the like等。

(6)表递进关系的连接词:not only…but (also),what,s more,what's worse,besides,in addition,worse still,moreover,above all等。

(7)表示总结的连接词:in a word,on the whole,in short,briefly,in brief,to sum up,in all等。

篇2:托福口语备考3大重点如何把握

平时考生在准备口试的时候应该强迫自己对于某个话题在最短的时间内形成一个清晰、有逻辑性的观点以及证明过程,并试图先用中文表达出来,以后再慢慢地过渡到英语上面去。

上文中为大家分析了托福口语备考的3大重点,希望大家在备考的过程中能够把握好发音、逻辑和时间这三点,取得满意的托福成绩。

托福口语中的语气词分析

表示肯定回答的有:

uh-huh, yes, yup, yep, yeah, yea, ay, aye, sure, yah, ya, certainly

表示否定回答的有:

no, nope, na, naw, nah, uh-uh

英语中有一些语气词称为 discourse markers或discourse fillers,掌握这些语气词对于英语口语的提高有着非常重要的作用。这些词本身并没有太多的意义,主要起到舒缓语气,给说话者提供思考紧接着的话题的时间及引出话题等作用。这些词有oh, well, like, uh and OK(有时写成okay) 。

Oh

一般放在回答句句首,用来表明听者接受到一些新信息。如:

Doctor: I think you’ve probably got what we call dry eyes.

Patient: Oh.

Oh同常与一些单词或词组连用,有时表明说话人明白了、知道了,如 oh I see, oh right;有时是对听到信息的反应,如 oh good, oh heavens, or oh no

Well

well和oh一样用在回答句的句首,但表达的意思不一样,放well在回答句的句首表明说话者认为事实和他的想法与他所停到的不同

Like

引出别人的话的很通常的方法是用like

托福口语:如何表达你的无所谓

“无所谓”,是一种很独特很个性的生活态度,尽管有点玩世不恭,却可以在某种程度上让我们更好地享受生活,毕竟,不是所有的事情都很matter. 那么要如何表达“无所谓”呢?

1. be ok (fine) with 对……无碍,不要紧

Whatever you think is fine with me.

随你怎么想,我无所谓。

2. give a damn 不在乎,不感兴趣(永远用于否定形式)

He couldn't give a damn whether he passes the exam or not.

他对考试及格与否满不在乎。

3. suit yourself 随你的便;按自己的意愿行事

You don't want to join the club? Oh well, suit yourself.

你不愿意参加俱乐部是吗?那好,随你的便吧。

4. it's up to you 听你的,由你决定

So if you really want class to make a difference in your life, it's up to you.

所以如果你真的想通过这门课改变生活,一切取决于你。

篇3:托福口语考试转述技巧

2020托福口语考试转述技巧

在练习的时候建议大家使用自己的机经真题回忆以及解析里的题目,这些都可以看得到答案,对于自己的练习对答案效果会好一些。转述的方法步骤:

第一步:每一次练习的时间是1小时,时间再长我们就注意力不集中了,就该休息了。

第二步:挑选里面的任意2道题,题型不重要,1、2题可以,4、6题也可以。

第三步:将选出的一个题目的答案,首先读10-20遍,来熟悉答案,争取做到能够背下来的水平,就是为了给自己以充分的准备。

第四步:将这份材料放在一边,再按照自己的脑中所记忆的内容,或者说记忆的中文的内容,将每一句话复述出来。复述的过程比较痛苦也比较崎岖,但是也是每个考生的必经之路。

第五步:将你刚才的答案再重复20遍。

第六步:将你第21遍的答案进行录音。

以此方法进行练习,大家如果坚持30-60个小时的练习的话,那么大家对于能好的通过自己的大脑进行组织语言了,或者说组织英语的能力得到了提升,这样就满足了你的托福口语考试的得高分的要求了。

转述技巧:

1.间接转述(Indirect Speech)

托福口语能力的练习需要通过复述来提高,复述的实质是将自己听到和看到的话语用自己的话以口头方式再转达出来。“直接引述”是直接引用说话人的原话,而要用自己的话把别人的意思转述出来就称为“间接转述”。

托福口语考试中一般应采用“间接转述”的方法:针对特定问题,用自己的话把读到、听到的对话内容或演讲内容再重复出来。对考生来说,这是一个更高层次的要求。

首先要听得懂、读得懂别人的观点,其次在此基础上进行加工处理,变为自己的语言再陈述出准确意思来。

例1:My mother said: “I’m so tired that I don’t want to cook. Shall we eat out tonight?”

My mother said that she was so tired that she didn’t want to cook and she suggested that we should eat out that day.

例2:Tom said: “I’ve already seen the film.”

Tom said that he had already seen the film.

托福口语考试间接转述应注意以下几点规则:

⑴ 在转述的引语前一般要用连词that:(如例1、例2所示);

⑵ 根据意思改变人称(如例4所示);

⑶ 当要转述的言语为连贯的话语时,应用go on(继续),continue(接着),add(补充)等,以及各种引述动词,如:note(指明),remark(谈及)

⑷ 间接转述不是重复原话,因此,时态要有所变动。一般来讲,现在时变为过去时,过去时变为过去完成时。指示代词、地点及时间状语也要作必要改动。

2.释义、意译(Paraphrasing)

Paraphrase (to express in a shorter or clearer way what someone has written or said) 用你所知道的,或对你来说较容易的词汇、短语、以及语法去解释那些较为难懂的语句。

3.概述(Summarizing)

Summarize (to make a short statement giving only the main information and not the details of a plan, event, report, etc.) 用简练话语概括描述一篇材料的中心思想。

托福口语有哪些常见的题型

托福口语常见六大题型解析

第一题:为非限制性问题,但一定和学校or日常生活有关,要答 the reason & detail,注意一定要有具体的细节支持。

第二题:为二选一问题,一般会问你A和B那个好? Why?

第1&2题:题目在一开始就会出现在屏幕上,所以不要理会电脑中读什么,用最快的速度将题目扫一眼(中间可以挤出30秒的时间准备) 答题时间均为45'。

第三题:为校园事件话题,语言不学术,一般为两个人的对话,有习语,听完后会让你重复其中一个人的观点。

70% 两者的观点一致 (In the listening passage, the man expresses his opinion about the Office, he believes that…) 点题句。

30% 两者的观点不一致 (In the listening passage, the man and the woman…)as the reading passage indicates。

特例:要你说出相对于listening, reading中哪些没有(In addition to the reading passage, we also find in the listening that…) 这类题要多说些reading部分,大约20~25’。

第四题:学术类。Reading & Listening的关系要么是承接要么是驳斥。听完后70% 让你说出一个Lecture中的例子来解释…,即细节解释 (In this lecture, the professor gives two examples to illustrate the principle of…中间用However, in the reading passage…)

第3&4题:都有阅读,3题较短,4题较长,都要求45’读完,长度一般为75-120个词 (5-7行)。其中4题的内容较重要,而3题则不重要,答题时间均为1分钟。

Take下的Notes里的词最好做同意替换,并且在答题时绝对不能出现如 in the reading passage之类的词。两道题的时间分配大致为:15’说阅读,40’说男女观点,中间用点题句连接。回答应尽可能完整,但也无需面面俱到。

第五题:为学校生活类问题,有人会提出解决方案,让后让你重复他们的问题和观点,最后说Your Opinion & Why? (一两句就OK)

这也是唯一一个问Your Opinion的题,而3,4,6题都只是让你重复。但有些题目仅要求描述,而不解释或不需要给出Your Opinion,要听清20’准备 。(In the listening passage, the man and the woman discuss a problem. The man was…If I were the man, I would choose the second opinion.)

第六题:为学术话题,讲一个Lecture,让你重复professor的观点or解释一下理论。(开头句:In the listening passage, the professor introduces…)

第5&6题:都没有阅读,Listening部分都较长,笔记要充分,答题时间均为1分钟。

Rules:2、3、5题一般与学校生活有关,而4、6题则涉及社会、人文、百科,只有3、4题需要阅读,3、4、5、6题均用一般现在时答题。

2020托福独立口语考试高频话题介绍

高频话题

在托福独立写作考试中,高频话题主要有3类:教育类、工作类、年轻人类。

中频话题

在托福独立写作考试中,中频话题主要有2类:生活方式类和政府类。

低频话题

在托福独立写作考试中,低频话题主要有2类:科技类和抽象类。

在这其中教育类话题和工作类话题在考试中出现的频率是最高的。下面小编整理了这2类话题的题目展示,希望对大家的托福独立写作备考有帮助。

教育类话题:

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

Students would receive a better education if they were required to attend classes for 11 months of a year.

In 20 years from now on, students will not use printed books anymore.

Teachers should be paid according to how well their students perform.

Parents should give money to their children as a reward for their high marks at school.

Parents do not understand their children as well as parents did 50 years ago.

Children should play sports only for fun, so they should not attend competitions.

工作类话题:

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

Having a job with a low-paying salary but that is highly secure is better than 1 having a job with a high salary but that is easy to lose.

Working at home using computers or telephones is better than working in the office.

It was easier to identify what jobs or careers were secure and successful in the past than it is now.

The most important characteristic of a good political or business leader is the ability to take responsibility for mistakes.

An effective leader will make others feel like they are a part of making decisions.

The best leaders are those who are willing to admit if they have made a bad decision.

篇4:掌握6大技巧 托福口语满分很简单

掌握6大技巧 托福口语满分很简单

一、如何用英文简单界定一个东西的技巧

美国人和美国人交谈80%是想告诉对方这个事物是什么。我们的课本尽管词汇难度不断加深,但思维逻辑结构却只停留在一个水平上。中国人常说Where is the book(这本书在哪儿)?很少有人说What is a book(书是什么)? www.thinkugmat.com/ 而美国的小学生就开始问:What is the book?这种Where is the book只是思维的描述阶段。但是我想连大学生也很难回答What is a book?因为中国传统英语教学模式没有教会学生表达思想的技巧。

二、用不同的方式解释同一事物

如果已经学会界定,但理解还有偏差,那就要训练How to explain things in different ways,一种表达式对方不懂,美国人会寻找另一种表达式最终让对方明白。因为事物就一个,但表达它的语言符号可能会很多。这就要多做替换练习。传统的教学方法也做替换练习,但这种替换不是真替换,只是语言层面的替换,而不是思维层面的替换。比如,I love you(我爱你)。按我们教学的替换方法就把you换成her,my mother等,这种替换和小学生练描红没有什么区别。这种替换没有对智力构成挑战,没有启动思维。这种替换句子的基本结构没变,我听不懂I love you,肯定也听不懂I love her。如果替换为I want to kiss you,I want to hug you,I will show my heart to you等,或者给对方讲电影《泰坦尼克》,告诉对方那就是爱,这样一来对方可能就明白了。这才叫真正的替换。也就是说用一种不同的方式表达同一个意思,或者一个表达式对方听不清楚,举一个简单易懂的例子来表达,直到对方明白。

三、我们必须学会美国人怎样描述东西

从描述上来讲,由于中美的文化不同会产生很大的差异。我们描述东西无外乎把它放在时间和空间两个坐标上去描述。美国人对空间的描述总是由内及外,由里及表。而中国人正好相反。从时间上来说,中国人是按自然的时间顺序来描述。我们描述一个东西突然停住时,往往最后说的那个地方是最重要的。美国人在时间的描述上先把最重要的东西说出来,然后再说陪衬的东西。只有发生悲剧性的事件,美国人才在前面加上铺垫。这就是中国人和美国人在时间描述上的巨大差别。

四、要学会使用重要的美国习语

不容易学、易造成理解困惑的东西就是“习语”。比如北京人说盖了帽儿了,外国人很难理解,这就是习语。所以和美国人交流时,能适当地运用美国习语,他马上就会觉得很亲切,也很爱和你交流。那么什么是习语?就是每个单词你都认识,但把它们组合在一起,你就不知道是什么意思了。

五、学会两种语言的传译能力

这是衡量口语水平的一个最重要标准。因为英语不是我们的母语,我们天生就有自己的母语。很多人都认为学好外语必须丢掉自己的母语,这是不对的。

六、要有猜测能力

为什么美国人和美国人、中国人和中国人之间交流很少产生歧义?就是因为他们之间能“猜测”。我们的教学不提倡“猜测”。但我觉得猜测对学好美国口语很重要。在交流中,有一个词你没有听懂,你不可能马上去查字典,这时候就需要猜测来架起一座桥梁来弥补这个缺口,否则交流就会中断。

中国人学习口语讲究背诵,背句型、背语调,结果就是很多人讲口语的时候讲着讲着眼就开始向上翻,实际上是在记忆中寻找曾经背过的东西。如果他要是能猜测的话,我想也就不会出现这种现象。

希望通过上面的托福口语学习的6大技巧,大家在托福口语考试中能够从容应对,得到高分。最后,预祝大家托福考试能考出自己满意的分数。

托福口语备考技巧干货分享

在训练托福口语时,我们需要掌握一些技巧让自己的表达更契合托福口语的评分标准,同时也提升我们口语融入国外生活的能力。那么这些技巧是什么,一起来看!

一.如何用英文简单界定一个东西的技巧

美国人与美国人交谈有百分之八十是想告诉对方这个事物是什么。大家的课本虽然词汇难度在持续上升,但思维逻辑结构却一直都停留在同一个水平上。中国人经常表示Where is the book?却很少有人表示What is a book?而美国人从小学就开始问:What is the book? 这种Where is the book属于思维的描述阶段,但是我想就算是大学生同样难以回答What is a book? 因为中国传统英语教学模式没有教会学生表达思想的技巧。

二.用不同的方式解释同一事物

若完全的学会了界定,但理解还有偏差,如此需要的是训练How to explain things in different ways。如果一种表达式对方不懂,美国人是会去寻找另一种表达式最后使处对方明白。因为事物就一个,但表达它的语言符号也许是相当多,此需要的是多做替换练习。传统的教学方法同样是做替换练习,但这种替换并非是真的替换,需要的只是语言层面的替换,而不是思维层面的替换。

三.我们必须学会美国人怎样描述东西

从描述上来讲,因为中美的文化不一样会出现很大的差异。大家描述东西肯定是将其放到时间和空间两个坐标上去描述。美国人对空间的描述一直都是由内及外,由里及表,但是中国人恰巧相反。从时间上来说,中国人是按自然的时间顺序来描述的,当大家描述一个东西一下子停住时,通常向说的那个地方是最重要的。美国人在时间的描述上先把最重要的东西说出来,而后又说陪衬的东西。只有发生悲剧性的事件,美国人才在前面加上铺垫。这就是中国人和美国人在时间描述上的巨大差别。

四.要学会使用重要的美国习语

不容易学,就极易导致理解困惑的东西就是“习语”。就好像北京人说盖了帽儿了,外国人是难以理解的,这就是习语。所以和美国人交流时,可以很适当地运用美国习语,即立即是会认为十分的亲切,也很爱和你交流。那么什么是习语?此即为每一个单词你都认识,但将它们都组合在一起,便不清楚意思是什么了。

篇5:托福口语满分备考技巧

新托福114分高分经验——托福口语满分备考技巧

先来晒一上分数阅读:27分;听力:28分;口语:30分;写作:29分;总分:114分。单凭人品肯定是考不出这么高的分数的,那么大牛是如何时行托福备考的呢?

托福阅读提升方法

托福阅读备考没有好的办法,只有考前多读阅读文章,就算你的水平不怎么样,但是只要你对托福付出了足够了,你的阅读水平肯定就会有提升。但如果想要提高阅读得分,就要进行精确的准备。下面是大牛的备考方法:

1、看英文著作:在考试前的一个月里,无论再忙都会抽出一些时间来看看英文小说,大牛最喜欢的是《The English Patient》,终于在考前的2天里把这一本书给看完了。读完这本书之后,大牛觉得自己的英文理解能力得到了很大的提升,另外觉得自己的阅读兴趣好像也增加了不少。如果你在备考托福的时候,也可以坚持这样的练习,相信你也可以得到提升。

2、阅读生词:这个是建立在阅读文章的基础上的,小站教育编辑提醒大家,大家平时可以做做Barron.Delta等托福阅读备考资料,在练习时在遇到生词的时候,都要把它们弄明白。

托福听力提升方法

托福听力想要得到高分,那么对于练习方法就必不可少,但是每个人的情况和水平又不一样,所以方法也就会不一样。总的来说就是要找到适合自己的方法就是对的方法。托福听力练习无外乎就是看美剧,听力精听练习等。下面就是大牛的听力提长方法:

1、看老友记:这部美剧是一个经典中的经典。很多托福考试在备考托福的时候就是用这个来练习听力。大牛建议大家,如果你刚开始接触利用美剧来练习,那么你先白痴的看一遍,然后去读台词,遇到不明白单词要去查看它的意思;然后丢掉台词去看一遍;再然后可以结合台词去看;最后就可以裸看了。其实听力水平的提升如同打游戏一样,打得久了自然就会熟悉,最后就顺利通关。听力备考是一个长期的过程,所以要有耐心去练习。

2、精听练习,这也是练习托福听力最常用的一个方法。要练到你对你的听力材料完全明白是什么意思,听完了材料就知道大概会出什么样的题目,这样才会得到效果。

3、听歌,这是一种轻松的备考方法,有很多优秀的英文歌曲都是非常不错的,不但旋律很好,而且如果你能把它们都听明白,那么你的托福听力也会得到很大的提升。托福听力就是一个听的过程,听懂了,明白了,自然就会做题了。

托福口语提升方法

这也是大牛这次考试最得意的一科,考前完全没有想到的,或许这里面也有一部分的运气成分。但是还是与自己的不断努力有很大的关系。下面是大牛托福口语提长的方法:

1、准备模板:在备考托福口语考试的时候一定要准备模板,不仅仅是第一题,其实所有题都需要准备。如果你在考试中使用了模板,那么你将会有充足的时间来准备。当然模板的来源大家在平时练习真题的时候,就要对一些热门话题和常考话题进行积累,并做出模板,考试的时候遇到这类话题就可以直接用了。

2、不断的练习说,托福口语就是一个说的过程,你在平时练习的时候,可以自己说然后录下来,再去修改;也可以找朋友来说,找老师来说,这样久而久之,你的托福口语水平就会有明显的提升。

3、克服害怕,在考试的时候千万不要怯场,要大声的说出来,在备考托福口语的时候要培养自己的自信心。

4、偷听,这也是一个小技巧,在考试的时候考生可以把自己的耳机向后带一点,因为每个人的考试时间可能会有差别,可能你刚进考场的时候,别人都在做综合口语的,所以在听到别人怎么说,说什么很重要,哪怕是听到一丢丢也是赚的。

托福写作提升方法

对于托福写作,考生需要注意的是:1、作文的段落一定要写清楚,要将题目中的问题阐述清楚;2、平时练习的时候要多积累一些好词好句,可以多看看满分范文;3、文章千万不能跑题;1、打字速度要提上来,如果你有好多内容要写,但是打字速度跟不上,可能会造成文章完不成。

托福阅读真题原题+题目

In July of 1994, an astounding series of events took place. The world anxiously watched as, every few hours, a hurtling chunk of comet plunged into the atmosphere of Jupiter. All of the twenty-odd fragments, collectively called comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 after its discoverers, were once part of the same object, now dismembered and strung out along the same orbit. This cometary train, glistening like a string of pearls, had been first glimpsed only a few months before its fateful impact with Jupiter, and rather quickly scientists had predicted that the fragments were on a collision course with the giant planet. The impact caused an explosion clearly visible from Earth, a bright flaming fire that quickly expanded as each icy mass incinerated itself. When each fragment slammed at 60 kilometers per second into the dense atmosphere, its immense kinetic energy was transformed into heat, producing a superheated fireball that was ejected back through the tunnel the fragment had made a few seconds earlier. The residues from these explosions left huge black marks on the face of Jupiter, some of which have stretched out to form dark ribbons.

Although this impact event was of considerable scientific import, it especially piqued public curiosity and interest. Photographs of each collision made the evening television newscast and were posted on the Internet. This was possibly the most open scientific endeavor in history. The face of the largest planet in the solar system was changed before our very eyes. And for the very first time, most of humanity came to fully appreciate the fact that we ourselves live on a similar target, a world subject to catastrophe by random assaults from celestial bodies. That realization was a surprise to many, but it should not have been. One of the great truths revealed by the last few decades of planetary exploration is that collisions between bodies of all sizes are relatively commonplace, at least in geologic terms, and were even more frequent in the early solar system.

1. The passage mentions which of the following with respect to the fragments of comet

Shoemaker-Levy 9?

(A) They were once combine in a larger body.

(B) Some of them burned up before entering the atmosphere of Jupiter.

(C) Some of them are still orbiting Jupiter.

(D) They have an unusual orbit.

2. The word collectively in line 3 is closest in meaning to

(A) respectively

(B) popularly

(C) also

(D) together

3. The author compares the fragments of comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 to all of the following EXCEPT

(A) a dismembered body

(B) a train

(C) a pearl necklace

(D) a giant planet

4. Before comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 hit Jupiter in July 1994, scientists

(A) had been unaware of its existence

(B) had been tracking it for only a few months

(C) had observed its breakup into twenty-odd fragments

(D) had decided it would not collide with the planet

5. Before the comet fragments entered the atmosphere of Jupiter, they were most likely

(A) invisible

(B) black

(C) frozen

(D) exploding

6. Superheated fireballs were produced as soon as the fragments of comet Shoemaker- Levy 9

(A) hit the surface of Jupiter

(B) were pulled into Jupiter's orbit

(C) were ejected back through the tunnel

(D) entered the atmosphere of Jupiter

7. The phrase incinerated itself in line 9 is closest in meaning to

(A) burned up

(B) broke into smaller pieces

(C) increased its speed

(D) grew in size

8. Which of the following is mentioned as evidence of the explosions that is still visible on

Jupiter?

(A) fireballs

(B) ice masses

(C) black marks

(D) tunnels

9. Paragraph 2 discusses the impact of the comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 primarily in terms of

(A) its importance as an event of great scientific significance

(B) its effect on public awareness of the possibility of damage to Earth

(C) the changes it made to the surface of Jupiter

(D) the effect it had on television broadcasting

10. The target in line 20 most probably referred to

(A) Earth

(B) Jupiter

(C) the solar system

(D) a comet

PASSAGE 26 ADDBC DACBA

托福阅读真题原题+题目

The mineral particles found in soil range in size from microscopic clay particles to large boulders. The most abundant particles — sand, silt, and clay — are the focus of examination in studies of soil texture. Texture is the term used to describe the composite sizes of particles in a soil sample, typically several representative handfuls.

To measure soil texture, the sand, silt, and clay particles are sorted out by size and weight. The weights of each size are then expressed as a percentage of the sample weight. In the field, soil texture can be estimated by extracting a handful of soil and squeezing the damp soil into three basic shapes; (1) cast, a lump formed by squeezing a sample in a clenched fist; (2) thread, a pencil shape formed by rolling soil between the palms; and (3) ribbon, a flatfish shape formed by squeezing a small sample between the thumb and index finger. The behavioral characteristics of the soil when molded into each of these shapes, if they can be formed at all, provide the basis for a general textural classification. The behavior of the soil in the hand test is determined by the amount of clay in the sample. Clay particles are highly cohesive, and when dampened, behave as a plastic. Therefore the higher the clay content in a sample, the more refined and durable the shapes into which it can be molded.

Another method of determining soil texture involves the use of devices called sediment sieves, screens built with a specified mesh size. When the soil is filtered through a group of sieves, each with a different mesh size, the particles become grouped in corresponding size categories. Each category can be weighed to make a textural determination. Although sieves work well for silt, sand, and larger particles, they are not appropriate for clay particles. Clay is far too small to sieve accurately; therefore, in soils with a high proportion of clay, the fine particles are measured on the basis of their settling velocity when suspended in water. Since clays settle so slowly, they are easily segregated from sand and silt. The water can be drawn off and evaporated, leaving a residue of clay, which can be weighed.?

1. What does the passage mainly discuss?

(A) Characteristics of high quality soil

(B) Particles typically found in most soils

(C) How a high clay content affects the texture of soil

(D) Ways to determine the texture of soil

2. The author mentions several representative handfuls in line 4 in order to show

(A) the range of soil samples

(B) the process by which soil is weighed

(C) the requirements for an adequate soil sample

(D) how small soil particles are weighted

3. The phrase sorted out in line 5 is closest in meaning to

(A) mixed

(B) replaced

(C) carried

(D) separated

4. It can be inferred that the names of the three basic shapes mentioned in paragraph 2 reflect

(A) the way the soil is extracted

(B) the results of squeezing the soil

(C) the need to check more than one handful

(D) the difficulty of forming different shapes

5. The word dampened in line 14 is closest in meaning to

(A) damaged

(B) stretched

(C) moistened

(D) examined

6. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about a soil sample with little or no

clay in it?

(A) It is not very heavy.

(B) It may not hold its shape when molded.

(C) Its shape is durable

(D) Its texture cannot be classified

7. The word they in line 21 refers to

(A) categories

(B) sieves

(C) larger particles

(D) clay particles

8. It can be inferred from the passage that the sediment sieve has an advantage over the hand

test in determining soil texture because

(A) using the sieve takes less time

(B) the sieve can measure clay

(C) less training is required to use the sieve

(D) the sieve allows for a more exact measure

9. During the procedure described in paragraph 3, when clay particles are placed into water they

(A) stick to the sides of the water container

(B) take some time to sink to the bottom

(C) separate into different sizes

(D) dissolve quickly

10. The word fine in line 24 is closest in meaning to

(A) tiny

(B) many

(C) excellent

(D) various

11. All of the following words are defined in the passage EXCEPT

(A) texture (line 3)

(B) ribbon (line 10)

(C) sediment sieves (line 18)

(D) evaporated (line 25)

PASSAGE 27 DADBC BBDBA D

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