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托福阅读提高方法之提升阅读能力加快做题速度

时间：2024年11月07日

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今天小编就给大家整理了托福阅读提高方法之提升阅读能力加快做题速度，本文共8篇，希望对大家的工作和学习有所帮助，欢迎阅读!本文原稿由网友“luckpzm”提供。

篇1：托福阅读提高方法之提升阅读能力加快做题速度

托福阅读提高方法：提升阅读能力加快做题速度!

一. 提高托福阅读能力：跳读和扫读法

很多同学都习惯于先看题，然后根据题目找答案，即便如此我们要也要提高阅读能力，否则无法在有限时间内找到正确答案。而提升阅读能力的两种方法则是跳读和扫读。练就这样的快速阅读方法可以帮助我们快读定位信息。比如，阅读中前三个题是根据阅读文章第一段出的，我们可以利用跳读法迅速把握整体段意，然后根据每道题使用扫读法去定位段落中题目对应的信息，这样才能快速做对题。

这两种阅读方法需要大家在平时多加练习，练习跳读法的时候，建议找一篇文章，限定时间快读读文章，将注意力集中在每段的首句和末句，快读把握段落主旨大意，计时结束后，在纸上写下你所理解的文章大意，然后等到文章读完以后再做对比。扫读法可以通过做题来练习，看到一道题目后找到题目的关键信息(比如时间，人名或地点)，然后快速扫读文章段落，找到对应信息，再在你定位的区域寻找题目答案。

二. 托福阅读快速做题法

1. 先易后难

托福阅读和其他版块不同，做完题目以后仍然可以返回修改，所以做题的时候挑拣容易的题做，比如，你的词汇题做的很好，那就先做词汇题再做其他题目。容易的题目做完以后，再用剩余的时间去研究难题，此时相对来说做题时间已经比较宽裕。

2. 实在不会的题不用纠结太久

很多同学在做阅读题目的时候容易被一道题卡住，不停地在文章中找答案，不知不觉几分钟就过去了，结果浪费了很多时间到导致后面的题没有时间做……每一篇阅读只有20分钟，所以每道题做题时间建议保持不超过2分钟。如果平时做题总容易忽略时间，建议大家在考试的时候注意屏幕上的倒计时，如果花了一分钟仍然没有弄懂问题，那就直接蒙一个或者先空着去做其他的题。如果后面题目做的顺利，我们会有时间回头来做这道题，如果后面题目不顺利，那说明我们也不应该在这道题上浪费很多时间。

托福阅读：词汇量决胜负

鉴于参加托福考试的中国考生的特点，是中国考生能拿到高分的关键项目。那么，大家如何在托福阅读中拿到高分呢，拿到托福阅读高分的关键是什么呢?专家建议，单词决定胜负。

单词是阅读决胜负的关键。首先，一般情况下，只有考生肚子里的单词够使，在考场上的时候，考生才不会出现看到阅读就发憷，还没做题的发慌，没有信心的情况。而大家知道，在考试的时候，特别是在像托福考试这种考试的时候，信心是多么的重要，只有有足够的信心的支撑，考生才有可能突出重重阻碍，考过去。而且在托福考试特殊的考试环境下，有了单词量的帮助，大家才会减轻一些心理压力。托福阅读第一篇是严格限时20分钟，中间还可能有周围同学试音的影响，无形之间加大了心理压力。所以就算是为了考试的时候能够安心，大家也要对托福阅读单词提起足够的重视。

其次，单词对托福阅读的影响就是实质上的了。因为在词汇上基本没有障碍，托福阅读题做起来会非常顺手。这对要求答题速度的托福阅读考试来说是一件非常大的便利。即便考生没有任何的阅读技巧，还是可以依靠足够的词汇量在阅读题上拿到个不错的分数。

另外，对于单词的记忆，有很多人传授过很多的方法，但是归根结底，所有的方法的重点只有一个，那就是要坚持。只有持之以恒的努力，才能在单词上有所突破。背单词没有什么特别法子，就是忘了再记，背了再背。

虽然在托福阅读考试总，单词可以决定阅读的胜负，但是这并不是说有了单词量就万事大吉了，很多单词量很大的考生也在阅读上面吃了亏，所以有了单词量做基础，要有各方面的综合能力才好。更多托福资讯尽在新东方网托福频道。最后，新东方网托福频道预祝大家在托福考试中取得好成绩!

托福阅读背景材料之“forever friends“

每个人都不能只活在自己的世界里，友谊是我们快乐生活的必需品。但是，友情也是有保质期的，如果没有刻意i维护，友情之花也会凋谢。下面，我们就进入今天的托福阅读材料：如何延长友情保质期。

1.Make time for friendships. Nothing makes closeness fade away more than never talking to or seeing each other. While some bonds of friendship may be strong enough to span long silences, most aren't. If you cherish a person's friendship, make time for him or her, whether it's just the occasional phone call, e-mail or a weekly get-together.

为朋友腾出时间。不交流，也不见面会让朋友日渐疏远。尽管有的友谊足够牢固，经得起长时间冷却，但大多数是不行的。如果你珍惜一人友情，就为他或她留出时间。不管是偶尔打个电话，或是发一封邮件，又或是周末聚会。

1)On your computer at home or work, make a note to ”call friends“ regularly.

在你公司或家里的电脑上贴个便条“给朋友打电话”。

2)Keep a Post-it note on the phone, the bathroom mirror, the car dashboard, anywhere you're likely to see it.

贴张便条在电话上，浴室的镜子上，或汽车挡板上，任何你可能看到的地方。

3)Also make sure your friends' phone numbers are programmed into your phone. Then call a friend when you have a spare 10 minutes.

确认你电话里存有朋友的电话号码，有空的时候给朋友打个电话。

4)Schedule a regular once-a-month lunch – same time, same place.

定期安排一个月一次的午餐，同一时间，同一地点。

2.Remember: a true friend doesn't flee when changes occur. Nothing is sadder for new parents than to find that their single friends have abandoned them because of the baby. A good friend is one who stays true through it all – marriage, parenthood, new jobs, new homes, any losses. Just because a situation's changed doesn't mean the person has.

记住：真正是朋友是在发生变故时仍留在你身边。没有什么比这更难过了，刚当爸妈却发现他们的单身朋友因为他们有了小孩就放弃了他们。好朋友是能够经历一切的：结婚，生儿育女，新工作，新家庭，任何损失。因为情况改变了并不意味人改变了。

3.Make sure you aren't being a burden to a friend. Friendships fade away if there isn't an equilibrium between the give and the take. Be sensitive to how much your friend can and can't offer you – be it time, energy or help – and don't overstep the mark. And vice versa: friendships that drain you will not last. If a friendship is out of balance, talk the situation through.

确保你不会成为朋友的负担。如果付出和回报不平衡，友谊会逐渐褪色。对于哪些朋友能给予哪些不能给予要很敏感—无论是时间，精力或帮助，不要逾越界限，反之亦然。拖后腿的友谊不会长久的。如果友谊失去了平衡，就要说出来。

4.Be a good listener. It can be the hardest thing in the world to do – simply to listen as he or she pours it all out or is seeking your advice or opinion. To be a better listener, follow this advice:

做一个好的聆听者。这也许是世界上最难的事情—只是听他或她的倾诉或是向你寻求建议。做一位好的聆听者，有以下建议：

1)Maintain eye contact. Offer nods and murmurs to indicate that you understand his or her point of view.

保持眼神交流。时不时的点头和低语表明你了解他的观点。

2)Don't finish your friend's sentences. If you catch yourself planning your response while your friend is still talking, gently remind yourself to focus.

不要插话。如果当朋友在讲话时你正准备回应，提醒你自己集中精力。

3)Minimize distractions – don't write or read e-mails, open the mail or watch television while you're on the phone to your friend. He or she will hear the lack of interest in your responses.

尽量减少分心—当你在接朋友电话时不要写或阅读电子邮件，打开邮件或看电视。他或她会在你的回答中听到冷漠。

4)Be careful with advice. Assume your friend wants to let off steam, not necessarily ask for a plan of action.

提供建议需谨慎。假使你的朋友只是想发泄不满，不一定是寻求行动的计划。

5.Be in your friend's corner if he or she's not there to defend him or herself. If you're at a gathering at which someone mentions your friend disparagingly, defend him or her against gossip or criticism. Say, ”Mary is my friend, and it makes me feel bad to hear you talk this way.“ Sooner or later, news of your loyalty will travel back to your pal, and it will deepen your friendship.

当朋友不在场时要站出来为他们辩护。当你站在一群人中正在说你朋友的坏话，你要站出来为他辩护，说，“玛丽是我的朋友，你们这样说她，我感觉很不好。”早晚，你朋友会知道你对友情的忠诚，而且会加深你们的友谊。

托福阅读背景材料之你在淘宝吗

网购对大家来说都不陌生了，那我们就不必再客套了，下面，就请跟新东方网托福频道一起进入今天的新托福阅读材料：网购时代吧

说起window shopping，大家应该都不陌生吧?它说的是人们逛街的时候只会浏览橱窗里的商品，但不会花钱消费的行为，多译为“只逛不买”。在网络购物大行其道的今天，window shopping也有“电子版”了，就是monitor shopping。

Monitor shopping is another form of window shopping, except that instead of wandering in stores, all you have to do is to log onto a shopping website. You’re online only browsing, not looking for anything in particular because you can’t afford it or you don’t need any of them, but you enjoy looking anyway. Maybe you’ll save something in your favorites or shopping cart for when you do have money.

Monitor shopping(字面意思为“浏览器购物”)是“只逛不买”(window shopping)的另一种形式，只不过你闲逛的地方不再是实体商店，而是购物网站，即“只浏览不购物”。你登陆各类购物网站只是为了过过眼瘾，而不一定要买什么东西，因为你可能买不起或者根本不需要那些东西。不过单纯的浏览过程已经让你很享受了。或许你会把看中的一些东西放入收藏夹或购物车等着以后有钱了再买。

For example:

I have been monitor shopping the whole afternoon, my neck is killing me now.

我一下午都在购物网站闲逛，现在脖子疼得要命。

篇2：提升托福阅读能力加快做题速度

托福阅读提高方法：提升阅读能力加快做题速度!

一. 提高托福阅读能力：跳读和扫读法

二. 托福阅读快速做题法

1. 先易后难

2. 实在不会的题不用纠结太久

托福阅读真题原题+题目

Of all modern instruments, the violin is apparently one of the simplest. It consists in essence of a hollow, varnished wooden sound box, or resonator, and a long neck, covered with a fingerboard, along which four strings are stretched at high tension. The beauty of design, shape, and decoration is no accident: the proportions of the instrument are determined almost entirely by acoustical considerations. Its simplicity of appearance is deceptive. About 70 parts are involved in the construction of a violin. Its tone and its outstanding range of expressiveness make it an ideal solo instrument. No less important, however, is its role as an orchestral and chamber instrument. In combination with the larger and deeper-sounding members of the same family, the violins form the nucleus of the modern symphony orchestra.

The violin has been in existence since about 1550. Its importance as an instrument in its own right dates from the early 1600's, when it first became standard in Italian opera orchestras. Its stature as an orchestral instrument was raised further when in 1626 Louis XIII of France established at his court the orchestra known as Les vingt-quatre violins du Roy (The King's 24 Violins), which was to become widely famous later in the century.

In its early history, the violin had a dull and rather quiet tone resulting from the fact that the strings were thick and were attached to the body of the instrument very loosely. During the eighteenth and nineteenth century, exciting technical changes were inspired by such composer-violinists as Vivaldi and Tartini. Their instrumental compositions demanded a fuller, clearer, and more brilliant tone that was produced by using thinner strings and a far higher string tension. Small changes had to be made to the violin's internal structure and to the fingerboard so that they could withstand the extra strain. Accordingly, a higher standard of performance was achieved, in terms of both facility and interpretation. Left-hand technique was considerably elaborated, and new fingering patterns on the fingerboard were developed for very high notes.

1. The word standard in line 12 is closest in meaning to

(A) practical

(B) customary

(D) unusual

2. The King's 24 Violins is mentioned in line 15 to illustrate

(A) how the violin became a renowned instrument

(B) the competition in the 1600's between French and Italian orchestras

(D) why the violin was considered the only instrument suitable to be played by royalty

3. What is the main idea presented in paragraph 3?

(A) The violin has been modified to fit its evolving musical functions.

(B) The violin is probably the best known and most widely distributed musical instrument in the

world.

(D) The technique of playing the violin has remained essentially the same since the 1600's.

4. The author mentions Vivaldi and Tartini in line 19 as examples of composers whose music

(A) inspired more people to play the violin

(B) had to be adapted to the violin

(D) could be played only by their students

5. The word they in line 22 refers to

(A) Civaldi and Tartini

(B) thinner strings and a higher string tension

(D) internal structure and fingerboard

6. The word strain in line 22 is closest in meaning to

(A) struggle

(B) strength

(D) stress

7. The word Accordingly in line 23 is closest in meaning to

(A) However

(B) Consequently

(D) Ultimately

8. According to the passage , early violins were different from modern violins in that early violins

(A) were heavier

(B) broke down more easily

(D) were easier to play

9. According to the passage , which of the following contributes to a dull sound being produced

by a violin?

(A) A long fingerboard

(B) A small body

(D) Thick strings

10. Which of the following terms is defined in the passage ?

(A) resonator (line 2)

(B) solo (line 7)

(D) fingering patterns (lines 24-25)

11. All of the following are mentioned in the passage as contributing to the ability to play modern

violin music EXCEPT

(A) more complicated techniques for the left hand

(B) different ways to use the fingers to play very high notes

(D) minor alterations to the structure of the instrumentANSWER KEYS

PASSAGE 100 BAACD DBCAA C

篇3：托福阅读速度提升方法之学会找定位词

托福阅读速度提升方法：学会找定位词!

一.什么是托福阅读定位词?

其实很简单，打个比方，你和朋友约好了去酒吧，朋友和你说酒吧在沈阳新东方正对面，这个酒吧你是不知道地点的，也就是你的目的地;而新东方却很熟知，那么你只需找到新东方便可以找到酒吧了。在这里新东方是已知的，就是用来定位的词汇，而酒吧则是你的目的所在，也便是你要找的答案。

定位词的称呼有很多，如关键词，主旨词，功能词，中心词等等。这些只是个名称罢了，含义都是一致的：一个可以根据题干回原文定位，并能够找到出处的词，这个题干中的词就是定位词or key word。

二.定位词具体特征分析

定位词总体特征：不可变性和细节性

不可变性：定位词是用来定位的，所以必须找那些回原文依然不变的词汇，才有意义。通常不用动词和副词来定位。通常是名词或充当定语的形容词。

细节性：不要找大概念的词汇，更不要拿代表全文主旨的词汇来定位。换句话说不要找那些原文一大堆的词汇，无法定位。

如，95年英国剑桥委员会British Council给出的唯一样题文章的题目是:The Spectacular Eruption of Mount St.Helens

下面有一道选择题是“According to the text the eruption of Mount St.Helens and other volcanoes has influenced our climate by…”

拿这道题为例，如果大家把Mount St.Helens作为关键词回原文进行定位，那你会郁闷致死，全文主要讲的就是圣海伦斯火山的喷发，原文有N多个Mount St.Helens，所以即使这个词属于大写的专有名词，但他违背了细节性，是概括性的词汇，也不能作为定位词来寻找答案。

究竟哪些词在托福阅读当中充当定位词?

三.托福阅读中的定位词都有哪些类别?

1.特殊词汇

在阅读中有一些词张的比较特殊，这种词很容易被记住，也很容易回原文定位。

好比，在大街上上看到一个人光着身子跑步-------特殊难看

一个人的个子超高，像姚明一样------特殊长

一个人身上穿着10多种颜色的衣服，而且不停的摇头-----特殊怪

特殊怪，特殊长，特殊难

这三种词就是特殊词的所有特征，在文中看到这样的词，一定要警惕。如，

Sequoia美洲杉---特殊怪，很好定位，也经常作为考点。

sodium【化学】钠---特殊难，大家只要知道是一种化学元素足矣。

Simultaneous同时的---特殊长，这种词本身的特点决定应作为定位词。

2.数字：通常指时间，金钱和百分比。

有一个道题目是这样问的：

“What are the dates of the TWO major eruptions before 1980?”

那么像1980 3185$ 69%这些词因为长相原因，段落全是英文，突然跑出来几个数字，十分显眼，也就很好回原文找到他们。

3.专有名词：

斜体字，大写人名,地名，大写的专有名词，这一点大家都很熟悉，不用多说。

4.特殊符号：

在特殊符号里或者旁边的词，最好通过符号回原文进行定位，如“paper conversation”，(three cubic miles)这些词本身并没有什么特别，但放在符号里面，就可以根据符号回原文进行寻找。

托福阅读：如何进行精读训练

中国考生在复习备考托福阅读理解题时，做到扬长避短，把复习的重点放在新出现的和自己相对生疏的题型练习上是非常明智的选择。特别是篇章应用题和基础理解题中的插话题和修辞目的题。当然，传统题型中的难点(如：推论题)也应特别下功夫才行。·

在进行大量阅读时，选择阅读材料很重要。首先，在难度上，要选择略高于自己的现有阅读水平的材料，这样才不会有严重的挫败感，才能有所提高。另外，在题材方面，不能只选择自己感兴趣的，而要根据新托福阅读题目的特点，选择各个学科的阅读材料，但是这些材料的专业性不要太强。

平时要正确地进行精读训练：

1. 首先要从单词入手：扩大自己的词汇量，不仅要知道它的汉语解释，还要掌握它的英语定义及用法，尤其是单词在文章中的用法，它有无巧妙之处，是否有特定的意义。

2. 其次要从”语法“入手：这里所说的”语法“不仅指句子的主、谓、宾成份及句子主干，更重要的是指对各种语法现象在思想表达方面的作用及相应的结构形式。当然，在开始阶段需对某些语法结构复杂的句子进行分析。

3. 再次，是从句型入手：精读时，一定要学习各种好的句型，并模仿造句。同时，对于一些长句要进行分析。

4. 最后，要从文章”逻辑\"入手：理清作者思想发展的脉络。提炼各个段落的内容，清楚各个段落如何组成了文章有机整体，理解作者运用的事例与他所阐述问题观点之间的联系，明确他是以什么样的方式(讲故事，列举数据，引经据典)来表达自己的观点的。

精读可以使你对文章的方方面面都有深刻的理解，无论从形式到内容，从语言到思想都是如此。

泛读要泛首先是在材料的选择上要题材广泛，因为天文、地理、医学、历史、文化、教育、艺术等内容，在托福考题中都会涉及。推荐考生多读读《国家地理杂志》和《DISCOVERY》，既可扩大知识面，也是备考新托福阅读的好素材;其次难度应控制在每页少于五个生词;最后是在机会和手段的把握上：书刊杂志的目录、新闻标题和导语、广告通知和产品及旅游宣传材料都是绝佳的泛读材料。背诵不失为精读复习巩固的好办法。背诵不应贪大求全，应重点突出。

中国现有的英语学习条件决定了大家在语言输入上，仍以阅读为主，听说为辅。这对参加注重听说的托福考试的考生来说并不十分有利，所以我们更要在自己经常练习的阅读上面多

那些分数，才能给听力和口语减轻压力

托福阅读背景材料之“你是手机控吗”

手机已经成为人们在日常生活中最不可或缺的一部分，那么在离开手机之后，你会怎么办，你的生活还会正常进行吗?

Cellphone feels like a part of your body? A global survey has found that most people can‘t live without their mobiles， never leave home without them and， if given a choice， would rather lose their wallet.

是不是觉得手机已成为身体的一部分?一项全球调查显示，大多数人觉得离开手机无法生活，从来不会不带手机出门，如果非要有所取舍，则宁愿舍弃钱包。

Calling mobile phones the “remote control” for life， market research firm Synovate’s poll said cell phones are so ubiquitous that by last year more humans owned one than did not.

这项由思纬市场调查公司开展的民调称，手机已成为人们生活中的“遥控器”，它们无处不在。截至去年，手机用户的数量已超过没有手机的人数。

Three-quarters of the more than 8，000 respondents polled online in 11 countries said they take their phone with them everywhere， with Russians and Singaporeans the most attached.

该公司共对来自11个国家的八千多位受访者开展了一项在线调查。调查结果显示，四分之三的受访者称自己无论去哪都会随身带手机。俄罗斯人和新加坡人对手机最为依赖。

More than a third also said they couldn‘t live without their phone， topped by Taiwanese and again Singaporeans， while one in four would find it harder to replace the mobile than their purse.

超过三分之一的受访者称他们生活离不开手机，其中最多的人来自台湾和新加坡，而四分之一的人觉得随身携带手机比携带钱包更为重要。

Some two-thirds of respondents go to bed with their phones nearby and can’t switch them off， even though they want to， because they‘re afraid they’ll miss something.

约三分之二的受访者睡前会把手机放在身边，而且他们即使想关机，也不会关掉，因为害怕错过电话。

“Mobiles give us safety， security and instant access to information. They are the number one tool of communication for us， sometimes even surpassing face-to-face communication. They are our connections to our lives，” Jenny Chang， Synovate‘s managing director in Taiwan， said in a statement.

思纬公司驻台湾常务董事Jenny Chang在一份声明中称：“手机给了我们安全感，让我们更安心，而且能随时接收信息。手机是我们第一大通讯工具，有时甚至超过了面对面的交谈。手机是联系我们生活的纽带。”

Mobiles have also changed the nature of relationships， with the survey finding nearly half of all respondents use text messages to flirt， a fifth set up first-dates via text and almost the same number use the same method to end a love affair.

手机还改变了人们谈情说爱的方式。调查发现，近一半的受访者利用短信调情，五分之一的受访者通过短信安排初次约会，另有相同比例的人用同样的方法结束一段恋情。

Apart from the obvious calling and texting， the top three features people use regularly on their mobile phones globally are the alarm clock， the camera and the games.

除通话和发短信这两个主要的功能外，从全球来看，人们最常使用的其它三项手机功能是闹钟、拍照和游戏。

As for email and Internet access， 17 percent of respondents said they checked their inboxes or surfed the Web off their phones， lead by those in the United States and Britain.

而至于发邮件和上网这两项功能，17%的受访者称他们利用手机查收邮件或浏览网页，这其中以美国人和英国人居多。

One in 10 respondents log onto social networking websites such as Facebook and MySpace regularly via mobile， again led by Britain and the United States.

十分之一的受访者经常通过手机登录Facebook和Myspace等社交网站，英美人在这一项所占的比例也是最高。

“As the mobile becomes more and more an all-in-one device， many other businesses are facing challenging times. The opportunities for mobile manufacturers and networks however are enormous，” said Synovate’s global head of media， Steve Garton.

思纬公司全球媒体总裁史蒂夫·加顿说：“随着手机逐渐成为一种集多种功能为一体的通讯工具，很多其它行业正面临着挑战。然而这对手机制造商和网络来说却蕴含着巨大的机遇。”

Not everyone is tech savvy， however： 37 percent of respondents said they don‘t know how to use all the functions on their phone.

但并非所有人都是科技通。37%的受访者称，他们不知道如何使用手机上的所有功能。

Vocabulary：

ubiquitous： existing or being everywhere， esp. at the same time; omnipresent(无所不在的)

all-in-one：一体化，多功能

托福阅读背景材料之“久坐成病”

在工作过程中，很多人都习惯长时间坐着办公，但是也许大家不知道，久坐已成为了影响职场人士身体健康的一大杀手。现在的大多数年轻人每天花大量的时间坐在椅子上，缺乏必要的运动，椅子已经成为危害我们健康的主要原因。下面，就进入我们今天的托福阅读材料：久坐危害健康。

You may hit the gym at lunchtime or go for a run when you get home. But such efforts will have minimal effect if you spend the rest of your time doing what you are probably doing now - sitting down.

你或许在午休时会去健身房，或许下班后会去跑步。但如果其余时间里你都像现在这样--久坐不动，那么你的锻炼可能收效甚微。

In a glut of new research on the subject, experts are warning that we should 'beware our chair', as spending too long in it can raise the risk of high blood pressure, a sluggish metabolism and weight gain.

在最近大量的研究发现中，专家们警告大众要“当心你的椅子”，因为长时间“黏”在椅子上可能面临患高血压，代谢减缓和体重增加的风险。

With the average person sitting down for just under nine hours a day at the office, at home or in the car, even a daily workout is unlikely to offset the risks of being seated for too long.

一般人每天有近9小时的时间坐在办公室、家中或者汽车上，即使每天坚持锻炼，也无法抵消久坐的危害。

Sit ups: Being chair-bound for too long can raise the risk of high blood pressure, a sluggish metabolism and weight gain.

从椅子上站起来!久坐对身体的危害包括高血压，代谢减缓和体重增加。

According to Swedish scientists, quoted in the British Journal of Sports Medicine recently, prolonged sitting should carry a public health warning.

《英国运动医学杂志》最近引述瑞典科学家的观点，久坐不动已成为威胁公众健康的隐患，应当引起重视。

So why is the humble chair being blacklisted? As the most passive activity behind lying down, being seated burns a bare minimum of calories - even eating an apple or fidgeting uses more energy than parking your bottom on a chair.

但为什么这次是“老实巴交”的椅子被列入黑名单呢?作为被动性仅次于躺的活动，“坐”的状态将人体热量消耗降至最低--吃一颗苹果或“坐立不安”的扭来扭去，都比“黏”坐在椅子上消耗的热量多。

While standing engages muscles in your back, shoulders and legs, sitting presents no positive physical challenge to the body, forcing it instead into an inactive state.

“站立”能锻炼背部，肩部和腿部的肌肉，而“坐”不但没有对身体提出积极的体力考验，反而强制它进入懈怠状态。

It is almost inevitable, researchers say, that long-term sitters find their waistline expanding.

研究人员说，长期的“坐者”都不可避免的遭遇了腰围增大的现实。

While the action of standing up only burns a few calories, do it enough times a day and it makes a real difference.

虽然“站起来”一次只能消耗几卡路里的热量，但只要每天坚持做几次，就能起到明显的作用。

It's easy to burn 30 to 50 extra calories a day, which is enough to prevent a weight gain of 2lb to 3lb a year. Spend your time sitting down and the pounds will creep on unnoticed.

每日多消耗30到50卡路里并不难，但足以防止体重每年增加2到3磅。如果大量时间都处于 “坐”的状态，肥肉就会悄悄的降临到你身上。

篇4：托福阅读如何提升做题速度

托福阅读如何提升做题速度?请先解决这3个拖后腿原因

托福阅读做题慢原因分析：基本功不扎实

同样一个单词，对于认识的学生和需要上下文语境理解的学生来说，显然前者更快。所谓的巧妇难为无米之炊就是这个道理。同样的一个句子，有的同学读了一遍，意思就在脑子存在了，而有的同学却是需要反复读句子，断句，分析意群，还有可能理解错了，如果文章都理解错了，那么想做题做对就难了。

所以，磨刀不误砍柴工，时间充裕的同学，在备考之初，努力打下坚实的词汇和读句子的基础是明智之举。

托福阅读做题慢原因分析：对待考试的态度决定你的速度

小编曾听一些托福老师反映，常会遇见这样的学生，距离考前还有1个月或者一周来上课。有位老师甚至接过考前一天找她上课的学生，说老师你帮我把题型过一遍，明天就考试了，我熟悉一下。这样的做法小编不能说一点用没有，确实也会有帮助。必须承认，出国类的考试确实有一些规律可循，可以利用，这也是托福老师的任务，总结规律，抓住规律，帮助学生考到理想的分数。

但是想拔高，想拿到高分，不能只靠捷径，不能只靠技巧。

托福阅读做题慢原因分析：做题数量不够导致做题慢

导致做题慢的另外一个原因就是做题少。做题规律好说，但是真正落实笔头上的练习才是最重要的。就像我们中国的高考，一般的规律都是，各科老师会在高一高二把知识点讲解完毕，最多也会在高三上学期把各科的知识点讲解收尾，留下将近一年的时间进行刷题模考练习，其用意无外乎就是学以致用，把学过的规律活学活用，在规定的时间内完美的呈现在考卷上。

这也是为什么小编不是特别推荐“临时抱佛脚”。没有大批量的做题练习，就不会引起质量的变化。同样，做题时间是需要刷题来缩短的。所以Practice makes prerfect是真理。

关于学生在规定时间内，也就是1个小时不能完成3篇托福阅读还有很多其他的原因，比如不适应机考，比如自己会无限制的脑补等等，但是以上提及的3条如果能够对症下药，克服掉，那么阅读的时间不再会是问题。

托福阅读长难句：教师教学

This was justified by the view that reflective practice could help teachers to feel more intellectually involved in their role and work in teaching and enable them to cope with the paucity of scientific fact and the uncertainty of knowledge in the discipline of teaching.(TPO9, 45)

paucity /ˈpɔsɪti/ n.少量，少许，少数

This was justified (by the view) (that reflective practice could help teachers to feel more intellectually involved in their role and work in teaching and enable them to cope with the paucity of scientific fact and the uncertainty of knowledge in the discipline of teaching.)(TPO9, 45)

分析：

修饰一：(bythe view)，介词短语，修饰justified

中文：通过这个观点

修饰二：(that reflective practice could help teachers to feel more intellectually involved in their role and work in teaching and enable them to cope with the paucity of scientific fact and the uncertainty of knowledge in the discipline of teaching.)，超级无敌长的同位语从句，解释view的内容，在从句中还有一个并列结构A and B

中文：反思实践可以帮助教师带着更多思考去融入他们在教学中的角色和工作，并使他们能在教学法中处理科学事实的缺乏和知识的不确定。

参考翻译：

这是合理的，因为基于这样的观点：反思实践可以帮助教师带着更多思考去融入他们在教学中的角色和工作，并使他们能在教学法中处理科学事实的缺乏和知识的不确定。

这个句子的主要修饰成分就是介词短语和从句，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。

托福阅读长难句：云层吸收地面逆辐射

托福长难句拆解实例

对处于托福备考初期的考生来说，影响阅读单科成绩的两大基本功无外乎词汇和语法。

托福考试词汇量一般要求7000-10000不等。短期来看，阅读过程中遇到过多生词造成的卡顿会严重拖慢当时的阅读速度，进而降低解题速度及准确率;长期而言，过多生词会抑制阅读兴趣，导致没有动力去主动积累各类文章泛读量，进而妨碍整体阅读速度的提升。备考初期突击解决托福阅读中生词问题，往往需要集中精力用2个月甚至更长时间。

然而，考生们经常遇到的另一个问题是，尽管一个长句里没有生词，但因包含复杂的结构造成全局理解障碍。其实，我们只要具备基本的高中语法知识，仅需1到2周语法强化拆解训练，即可达到读懂任何没有生词的长难句的水平。

遇到长难句(排除生词的情况)，一遍读不懂时，我们可以先试着找出它的主干。主干相当于句子的骨架，包含要表达的主要信息。句子除主干外，往往含有其它各种成分，这些相当于句子的血肉(通常包含大量附加信息)。拆解长难句，即准确识别句子各个组成部分，理清句子中任何词/词组/从句的语法功能，继而读懂整句。

下面，我们用一个例句演示拆解过程。

Although these molecules allow radiation at visible wavelengths, where most of the energy of sunlight is concentrated, to pass through, they absorb some of the longer-wavelength, infrared emissions radiated from the Earth’s surface, radiation that would otherwise be transmitted back into space.

1. 句首的“although”引导让步状语从句，于是“these molecules”属于这个从句。“allow radiation”形成动宾关系，且跟前面的“these molecules”紧邻，那么这三者形成了一个完整的主谓宾结构;

2. “visible wavelengths”被“at”间隔紧随“radiation”后，形成“名词+介词+名词”结构。这种结构中，介词+后面的名词做前名词的后置定语;

3. “where most of the energy of sunlight is concentrated” 在句中做定语从句，修饰离它最近的名词(一般情况下定语从句修饰离它最近的名词，但反例也很多，我们可借助句意辅助判断)“visible wavelengths”;

4. 把上面的定语，定语从句忽略掉，可以看出“although”后面简化后即“these molecules allow radiation to pass through”。不定式“to pass through”在这个让步状语从句中做小一级别的目的状语。

5. 让步状语从句之后，“they absorb”明显成为主语的主谓，其中“they”指代复数名词“molecules”;

6. “absorb”的宾语相对隐蔽。仔细看我们会发现“radiated from the Earth’s surface”为典型的过去分词短语做名词“emissions”后置定语;而前面的“the longer-wavelength, infrared”则做“emissions”的前置定语。这时可以看出“emissions”是主句宾语;

7. 最后一个逗号后的名词“radiation”后紧跟了以“that”为标志的后置定语从句，于是我们可以把它看成词组。进一步细查otherwise我们会看到这些“radiation”就是前面出现的“emissions”, 它或者“be absorbed by ‘these molecules’ ”或者“be transmitted back into space”。于是 “radiation”一直到结尾做“emissions”的同位语。

篇5：托福阅读技巧之如何提升阅读速度

实用托福阅读技巧丨如何提升阅读速度?

一.托福阅读技巧之Skimming

Skimming是只看主要大意的速读。一篇文章的大意是有重点的。比如，当出现first second的这种归类总结的地方，或because，as a result这样的因果关系，或是but，however的语意转折处，都需要格外留心。托福文章讲述主要观点之后通常会有for example来佐证，如果看懂了主要观点，那么对示例所用的时间和精力就不需要太多了。Skimming的技巧在第一遍阅读文章意图抓住文章大意时是非常重要的。

托福的文章长度大多在600-700字之间。以平均每篇读20分钟计算，按照每分钟阅读150字的速度，一篇文章从头到尾通读，至少需4-5分钟。这可了解文章的大意，但不一定确保读得透彻。在第一遍通读的过程中，考生不要期望每个字都一定要理解，遇到不懂的字不必多逗留或苦思冥想可能的意思，这样会浪费时间的。只需一直往下看，用前面介绍到的skimming原则，掌握文章的主旨即可。这个过程中，文章的第一段，尤其是每段的第一句话往往起着提纲挈领或起承转合的作用，是阅读时要多留心的地方。

二.托福阅读技巧之Scanning

Scanning是“扫描”，但具体到阅读中，大家熟悉的莫过于查词典时。在有意识地去查某个生词的时候，我们不会去把它所在的页上每一个字都看一遍才找到想要的。几乎眼睛对词典中的一页扫一下，脑中只有要找的字，看到它，其他的地方都像没有看到一样。在托福的阅读中，scanning的技巧在回答问题时，根据题干中问到的内容，在文章中scan，可以帮助考生准确地定位，找到答案。

托福阅读长难句：气候变化下物质沉淀

依然记得科比最经典那段对话：

记者问：“你为什么能如此成功呢?”

科比反问道：“你知道洛杉矶凌晨四点钟是什么样子吗?”

记者摇摇头：“不知道，那你说说洛杉矶每天早上四点钟究竟什么样儿?”

科比挠挠头，说：“满天星星，寥落的灯光，行人很少。”

科比本周四将会引来最后一场比赛，这是一个时代的结束。

科比、麦迪、卡特、艾佛森、皮尔斯、邓肯、帕克、吉诺比利……

谢谢他们带我们青春的记忆。

同学们，第二十四句来了。

世界本没有长难句，修饰成分多了，便有了长难句。——老邪

阅读速度大部分来于短时间内理解长难句的能力。

大家在看长难句的时候，多思考，一个句子为什么这么长，常见的修饰成分到底有哪些?其实不多，连词、非谓语动词、介词以及同位语或插入语，上过课的同学懂得。

大家别急，把一句一句弄明白，弄懂一个句子胜过模糊看懂十个句子。希望大家认真看我的分析。

今天我们来看这样一个句子：

Over long periods of time, substances whose physical and chemical properties change with the ambient climate at the time can be deposited in a systematic way to provide a continuous record of changes in those properties overtime, sometimes for hundreds or thousands of years. (TPO10, 44)

property /'prɒpətɪ/ n. 财产，资产;特质，性质;

ambient /'æmbɪənt/ adj. (指空气等)环绕四周的, 周围的

我是分界线，大家先自己分析哦。

(Over long periods of time), substances (whose physical and chemical properties change with the ambient climate at the time) can be deposited(in a systematic way)(to provide a continuous record)(of changes in those properties overtime), (sometimes for hundreds or thousands of years). (TPO10, 44)

分析：

修饰一：(Over long periods of time)，介词短语

中文：经过很长一段时间

修饰二：(whose physical and chemical properties change with the ambient climate at the time) ，从句，修饰substances，大家一定要注意这里的substances和can be别从句隔开了，一定要注意主谓被从句或其它修饰隔开的情况

中文：物理和化学性质随着当时周围气候变化

修饰三：(in a systematic way) ，介词短语

中文：以一种系统的方式

修饰四：(to provide a continuous record) ，非谓语动词

中文：提供了连续记录

修饰五：(of changes in those properties overtime)，介词短语

中文：这段时间的这些特征变化

修饰六：(sometimes for hundreds or thousands of years) ，介词短语

中文：这有时会是几百年或几千年

主干：substancescan be deposited

参考翻译：

经过很长一段时间，物理和化学性质随着当时周围气候变化的物质会以一种系统的方式沉淀，这提供了这些(物理和化学)性质在此段时间内变化的连续记录，这有时会是几百年或几千年。

这个句子的主要修饰成分就是介词短语、从句和非谓语动词，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。

托福阅读长难句：区域气候温度变化

While these records provide broadly consistent indications that temperature variations can occur on a global scale, there are nonetheless some intriguing differences,which suggest that the pattern of temperature variations in regional climatescan also differ significantly from each other.(TPO10, 40)

consistent /kən'sɪstənt/ adj. 一贯的, 前後一致的

intriguing /ɪnˈtri:gɪŋ/ adj. 有趣的，激起好奇心的

我是分界线，大家先自己分析哦。

(While these records provide broadly consistent indications that temperature variations can occur on a global scale), there are nonetheless some intriguing differences, (which suggest) (that the pattern of temperature variations in regional climates can also differ significantly from each other).(TPO10,40)

分析：

修饰一：(While these records provide broadly consistent indications that temperature variations can occur on a global scale)，从句，注意里面还有一个同位语从句 (that temperature variations can occur on a global scale)表示indication的内容

中文：虽然这些记录提供了广泛一致的迹象表明温度变化能在全球范围内发生

修饰二：(which suggest) ，从句，修饰前面的differences

中文：这些差异表明

修饰三：(that the pattern of temperature variations in regional climates can also differ significantly from each other) ，从句，注意这个从句里还有很多介词结构，the pattern (of temperature variations )(in regional climates) can also differ significantly (from each other).

(of temperature variations ) (in regional climates) ，在区域气候的温度变化

中文：在区域气候温度变化的模式彼此之间差异很大

主干：there arenonetheless some intriguing differences

参考翻译：

虽然这些记录提供了广泛一致的迹象表明温度变化能在全球范围内发生，但是会有一些有趣的差异，这些差异表明在区域气候温度变化的模式彼此之间差异很大。

这个句子的主要修饰成分就是介词短语、从句，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。

篇6：托福阅读速度提升方法

托福阅读速度提升方法：学会找定位词!

一.什么是托福阅读定位词?

二.定位词具体特征分析

定位词总体特征：不可变性和细节性

不可变性：定位词是用来定位的，所以必须找那些回原文依然不变的词汇，才有意义。通常不用动词和副词来定位。通常是名词或充当定语的形容词。

细节性：不要找大概念的词汇，更不要拿代表全文主旨的词汇来定位。换句话说不要找那些原文一大堆的词汇，无法定位。

如，95年英国剑桥委员会British Council给出的唯一样题文章的题目是:The Spectacular Eruption of Mount St.Helens

下面有一道选择题是“According to the text the eruption of Mount St.Helens and other volcanoes has influenced our climate by…”

究竟哪些词在托福阅读当中充当定位词?

三.托福阅读中的定位词都有哪些类别?

1.特殊词汇

在阅读中有一些词张的比较特殊，这种词很容易被记住，也很容易回原文定位。

好比，在大街上上看到一个人光着身子跑步-------特殊难看

一个人的个子超高，像姚明一样------特殊长

一个人身上穿着10多种颜色的衣服，而且不停的摇头-----特殊怪

特殊怪，特殊长，特殊难

这三种词就是特殊词的所有特征，在文中看到这样的词，一定要警惕。如，

Sequoia美洲杉---特殊怪，很好定位，也经常作为考点。

sodium【化学】钠---特殊难，大家只要知道是一种化学元素足矣。

Simultaneous同时的---特殊长，这种词本身的特点决定应作为定位词。

2.数字：通常指时间，金钱和百分比。

有一个道题目是这样问的：

“What are the dates of the TWO major eruptions before 1980?”

那么像1980 3185$ 69%这些词因为长相原因，段落全是英文，突然跑出来几个数字，十分显眼，也就很好回原文找到他们。

3.专有名词：

斜体字，大写人名,地名，大写的专有名词，这一点大家都很熟悉，不用多说。

4.特殊符号：

托福阅读真题原题+题目

Industrialization came to the United State after 1790 as North American entrepreneurs increased productivity by reorganizing work and building factories. These innovations in manufacturing boosted output and living standards to an unprecedented extent; the average per capita wealth increased by nearly 1 percent per year — 30 percent over the course of a generation. Goods that had once been luxury items became part of everyday life.

The impressive gain in output stemmed primarily from the way in which workers made goods, since the 1790's, North American entrepreneurs — even without technological improvements — had broadened the scope of the outwork system that made manufacturing more efficient by distributing materials to a succession of workers who each performed a single step of the production process. For example, during the 1820's and 1830's the shoe industry greatly expanded the scale and extend of the outwork system. Tens of thousands of rural women, paid according to the amount they produced, fabricated the uppers of shoes, which were bound to the soles by wage-earning journeymen shoemakers in dozens of Massachusetts towns, whereas previously journeymen would have made the entire shoe. This system of production made the employer a powerful shoe boss and eroded workers' control over the pace and conditions of labor. However, it also dramatically increased the output of shoes while cutting their price.

For tasks that were not suited to the outwork system, entrepreneurs created an even more important new organization, the modem factory, which used power-driven machines and assembly-line techniques to turn out large quantities of well-made goods. As early as 1782 the prolific Delaware inventor Oliver Evans had built a highly automated, laborsaving flour mill driven by water power. His machinery lifted the grain to the top of the mill, cleaned it as it fell into containers known as hoppers, ground the grain into flour, and then conveyed the flour back to the top of the mill to allow it to cool as it descended into barrels. Subsequently, manufacturers made use of new improved stationary steam engines to power their mills. This new technology enabled them to build factories in the nation's largest cities, taking advantage of urban concentrations of inexpensive labor, good transportation networks, and eager customers.

1. What is the passage mainly about?

(A) The difficulties of industrialization in North America

(B) The influence of changes in manufacturing on the growth of urban centers

(D) Improved ways of organizing the manufacturing of goods

2. The word boosted in line 3 is closest in meaning to

(A) ensured

(B) raised

(D) discouraged

3. The word scope in line 9 is closest in meaning to

(A) value

(B) popularity

(D) diversity

4. The author mentions the shoe industry in the second paragraph to provide an example of how

(A) entrepreneurs increased output by using an extended outwork system

(B) entrepreneurs used technological improvements to increase output

(D) changes in the outwork system improved the quality of shoes

5. All of the following are mentioned as effects of changes in the shoe industry during the 1820's

and 1830's EXCEPT

(A) an increase in the worker's dependence on entrepreneurs

(B) an increase in the wages paid to journeymen shoemakers

(D) a decrease in the price of shoes

6. All of the following are true of the outwork system EXCEPT

(A) It involved stages of production.

(B) It was more efficient than the systems used before 1790.

(D) It did not necessarily involve any technological improvements.

7. The word prolific in line 23 is closest in meaning to

(A) efficient

(B) productive

(D) progressive

8. According to the passage , how did later mills differ from the mills differ from the mill built by

Oliver Evans?

(A) They were located away from large cities.

(B) They used new technology to produce power.

(D) They combined technology with the outwork system.

9. The word it in line 25 refers to

(A) water power

(B) machinery

(D) mill

10. The passage mentions which of the following as a result of improvements in factory

machinery?

(A) It become easier for factory' owners to find workers and customers.

(B) Manufacturers had to employ more highly skilled workers.

(D) Factories could operate more than one engine at a time.

11. The word eager in line 30 is closest in meaning to

(A) wealthy

(B) knowledgeable

(D) enthusiastic

PASSAGE 94 DBCAB CBBCA D

篇7：提高托福阅读速度的方法

提高托福阅读速度的方法

有关提高托福阅读速度的方法，请参考参考，希望对您有帮助

提高托福阅读速度的方法【1】

想要提高托福阅读速度，首先要清楚托福阅读都考查什么能力，只有相应的能力提高，才能真正提高阅读成绩。

OG 对托福阅读能力做出了规定：测试考生理解大学水平的学术课文与文章的能力。

对这个要求进行拆分和解读，我们可以得到不同层面的能力要求，比如单词层面，句子层面，段落层面以及文章层面。

清楚了不同层面的能力要求，我们就可以有针对性的进行强化训练，进而提高能力。

以句子层面为例，句子理解能力是阅读基础能力之一，是理解文章的基础(要求)，要通过句子句法结构分析、翻译等练习强化句子理解能力(方法)，从而提升阅读速度。

托福阅读怎么提高速度?我做的效率总不是很高【2】

福阅读考查考生学术文章理解能力，需要在规定时间内完成文章阅读以及题目，如果不能按时完成，说明阅读能力还有所欠缺。

提高阅读能力，可以从提高词汇理解能力、提高句子理解能力、关系和逻辑梳理以及文章结构的把握能力等方面入手，每一项能力提高都要做有针对性、系统性的练习。

建议掌握正确的方法，坚持足够多的练习，提高能力。

想要提高阅读分数，首先要找到自己的问题，对症下药，才能达到事半功倍的效果。

一般情况下，影响托福成绩的因素有以下几个：

词汇量不够，这个是硬伤，词汇读不懂，文章是绝对看不懂的，所以只能老老实实地背单词。

单词认识，但是句子不理解，这个问题归根到底是语法的问题，托福阅读中有很多结构比较复杂的长难句出现，所以理解句子是理解文章的'前提，建议强化句子理解能力，可以进行一些句子结构分析与翻译的练习，读完句子立刻就能读懂在说什么。

句子理解没问题，但是整篇文章看不懂，梳理句内信息、句间的信息乃至段落见的信息之间关系的能力较差，“读不懂全文，有些段落觉得自己看懂了但一做题目就错”，实际上正是因为没有真正在理解句子的基础上进行关系梳理，建议边读文章边记笔记，通过记笔记的方法梳理文章整体结构以及各部分的关系，这样多加练习才能有效提高自己的阅读水平。

想要提高阅读分数，必须打好基础，加强训练，切记，在基础没有巩固扎实之前，不要盲目刷题，这样是不能有效提高分数的。

请问如何提高托福阅读速度【3】

托福阅读时间有限，20分钟读一篇学术类的文章，时间有点紧。

平时要注意积累托福阅读词汇，因为篇章中有许多同义转换的题，如果词汇量大，这些题目可以迅速解决。

篇8：雅思阅读提高方法之速度提高

雅思阅读提高方法之速度提高篇

方法一、一揽众山法

适用人群：英语词汇量大，平时经常阅读英语文章或浏览英语网站，语法基础扎实，短期记忆力强，对自己的英语能力非常有信心的考生。

操作方法：拿到阅读试卷后浏览文章标题，然后选定一篇文章开始做题。选定文章后先阅读所有的题目，即13-14道题目，把每一道题目的关键词划出来并进行短期记忆。(注：关键词包括定位词和考点，定位词多以名词为主，考点则多以谓语动词和形容词副词为主)重点记忆一些定位性强的名词。看完题目之后去看文章，从头开始看，按文章的顺序和段落去理解，边看边回忆之前记忆中的定位词，看到了就用笔做一个记号。注意在看的过程中是要以理解文章为主，不要过多的去想题目的内容，主要是看懂文章。看完以后再去看题目，根据文章的内容去做题。如果有雅思阅读文章的内容记不清，就可以利用之前读文章时划出的定位词再回原文看一下然后确定答案。

优点：节省时间，做题速度快

缺陷：挑战考生英语能力和记忆力，并不适用于大部分考生，主要针对一些立志阅读考8分以上的考生。

方法二、各个击破法

适用人群：英语基础不是非常好，词汇量缺乏，文章对其来说基本看不太懂的考生。

操作方法：拿到阅读试卷后浏览文章标题，然后选定一篇文章开始做题。但是选择的时候要注意题材的熟悉度，可以挑选自己相对还比较熟悉的题材先做。学生在日常的雅思阅读练习中可以熟练自己的拿手题型。选定后就开始审题。审题则是按照题型来看。首选是填空题和判断题，其次是选择和配对题。例如说文章后题型搭配为判断题+选择题+填空题，那么先审判断题这一部分题目，一题一题做，根据判断题的做题方法去做，而且可以利用顺序性去看文章找答案。做完判断题以后再做填空题，利用填空题的标题或第一句话中的名词去做定位，然后用填空题的做题方法去把填空题做完。最后去做选择题，因为选择题对于文章的理解要求比较高，对于程度不太好的考生来说会比较难做。

优点：能尽量保证填空题的正确率，在能得分的题目中保证得分。对于基础不是很好的考生来说是一个既能保证正确率又能相对节约时间的方法

缺陷：时间花费比较多，而且会多次重复阅读文章。

方法三、如何提高雅思阅读?融会贯通法很重要

适用人群：有一定的英语词汇量，并参加过培训班，掌握了基础语法知识。

操作方法：拿到阅读试卷后浏览文章标题和文章后的题型，选择自己最熟悉的话题或者有自己最擅长的题型的那篇文章。然后浏览一下题型，确定下题型关注的先后顺序，也是先填空判断，后配对选择。但这种先后并不是绝对的，而是交替的，也就是在重点做填空判断之前已经将配对选择的定位词和关键词划出并记忆，然后在做填空判断时顺带这看看有没有配对题和选择题的定位词出现。如果程度稍好的同学则可以看一段文章，把这段文章中涉及到的各种题型的题目都完成，一段一段解决问题。但是用这种方法的时候要注意时间的把握。

优点：可以相对合理的安排时间去做题，也能保证容易做的题型的正确率。

缺陷：需要考生能随机应变，对不同的题型搭配要有合理的时间分配，可能会造成审题或看文章内容的混乱。

以上就是雅思阅读提高方法之速度提高篇的全部内容，我们可以看出阅读速度慢的原因有很多种，且各位考雅思的同学的基础也不同，最主要的是能分析出自己做题速度慢的原因，然后对症下药，去解决速度慢的问题。提高雅思阅读的做题速度可以让我们首先做完题，拿分的可能性增高，并且能有一定的心理上的舒缓。

雅思阅读材料：不仅仅书中才有“黄金屋”

A 12th-grader wrote a college admissions essay about wanting to pursue a career in oceanography. Let’s call her Isabella. A few months ago, we edited it in my classroom during lunch. The writing was good, but plenty of 17-year-olds fantasize about swimming with whales. Her essay was distinctive for another reason: Her career goals were not the highlight of the essay. They were just a means of framing her statement of purpose, something surprisingly few personal statements actually get around to making.

一名12年级的高中学生写了一篇申请大学的文章，描述她想要从事与海洋学相关的职业。我们就叫她伊莎贝拉好了。几个月前，我们利用午餐时间在我的教室对文章进行了润色。文章写的不错，但充满了17岁少女的幻想，比如与鲸鱼结伴遨游。她的文章与众不同的另一个原因是：她的职业目标不是这篇文章的重点，只是完成她目的陈述的表达手法，这点很令人惊讶，因为事实上很少用这种方式写个人陈述。

The essay’s core concerned the rhetoric that educators had used to motivate her and her peers—other minority students from low-income communities. She’d been encouraged to think of college foremost as a path to socioeconomic mobility. Since elementary school, teachers had rhapsodized about the opportunities that four years of higher education could unlock. Administrators had rattled off statistics about the gulf in earnings between college graduates and those with only high-school diplomas. She’d been told to think about her family, their hopes for her, what they hadn’t had and what she could have if she remained diligent. She’d been promised that good grades and a ticket to a good college would lead to a good job, one that would guarantee her financial independence and enable her to give back to those hard-working people who had placed their faith in her.

文章的核心是围绕教育工作者的一些言论，他们一直用这些言论激励她和她的同龄人——来自低收入社区的少数民族学生。不断有人给她洗脑，上大学是位的，是改善社会经济地位的坦途。从上小学开始，老师就极力宣扬四年的大学生活能打开机遇的大门。学校领导能飞快地列举出各种统计数据，说明大学毕业生和只有高中文凭的那些人在收入方面的巨大差距。总是有人对她说，想想你的家人，想想他们寄予的厚望，如果能一直努力读书就会得到父辈无法拥有的东西。只要成绩好，拿到顶尖大学的录取通知书，保证就会有个好工作，有了好工作，不仅自己经济上能够独立而且还有能力回报亲友，这些人一直努力工作并且对她充满信心。

Thankfully, Isabella decried this characterization as shortsighted and simplistic. My guess is that only students like her ever have to hear it.

值得庆幸的是，伊莎贝拉批评这类说辞是目光短浅和头脑简单。我猜大概只有像她这样的学生才会听到这些。

The black and Latino kids I teach live in Inglewood and West Adams in Los Angeles. Their parents are house-cleaners, truck drivers, and non-union carpenters. When administrators, counselors, and teachers repeat again and again that a college degree will alleviate economic hardship, they don’t mean to suggest that there is no other point to higher education. Yet by focusing on this one potential benefit, educators risk distracting them from the others, emphasizing the value of the fruits of their academic labor and skipping past the importance of the labor itself. The message is that intellectual curiosity plays second fiddle to financial security.

我教的那些非洲裔和拉美裔学生都住在洛杉矶的英格尔伍德和西亚当斯。他们父母从事的工作是清洁工、卡车司机和非工会的木匠。当校长、辅导员和老师一次又一次地重复着，有了大学文凭会改善经济窘迫的情况，他们并不是指高等教育除了这点就没别的用处了。但是当只专注在获取这种潜在利益时，教育工作者们让学生注意不到别的事物，他们强调知识累积后成果的价值却忽略了知识累积本身的重要性。这种做法传递的消息是，求知欲排在经济保障之后。

While Isabella’s essay acknowledged her lack of economic advantages and portrayed with sensitivity her parents’ struggles, she was eager to focus first on nurturing her intellectual passion. She detailed how her curiosity about sea urchins and other marine life had led to a passion she wants to sustain through college and a subsequent career. College will ferry her to her intellectual destiny, not a financial windfall. She’ll make her life’s work what she wants to do, not just what she is able do.

虽然伊莎贝拉的文章承认她没有经济优势也敏感地描绘了她父母生活的困顿，但她盼望能将重心首先放在培养自己的求知欲上。她详细讲述了对海胆等海洋生物的好奇，这种好奇激发了她对海洋生物学的热情，她希望能在未来的大学生活和随后的职业生涯中一直保持这份热情。大学会把她送到知识海洋的彼岸，而不是送来意外的横财。她要让自己毕生的职业是她想要去做的，而不是她能去做的。

My students are understandably preoccupied with money. They don’t have the privilege to not worry about it. They fantasize about what their future wealth will permit them to enjoy. They dream about specific models of cars in certain colors and gargantuan houses in particular neighborhoods and opulent meals at their favorite restaurants any time they wish. Many swoon over the East Coast liberal arts colleges they visit on the special trips that my school is thoughtful enough to arrange. Colleges like Swarthmore and Haverford fly students like Isabella out during college applications season. A few are accepted but most attend state schools, which, especially in California, can provide excellent educational opportunities. The irony, though, is that many of these students aspire to go to a liberal-arts school but don’t necessarily understand its significance. They’re drawn to sleepy quads, weathered brick, and cascading ivy, but they are resolutely pre-professional in spirit.

可以理解我的学生们为什么十分在意金钱。他们没有资本不去担心。他们幻想着将来有钱可以让他们好好享受生活。他们梦想拥有某种颜色的限定款汽车、位于特殊社区的大豪宅以及随时可以在喜欢的餐厅享用丰盛的美食。许多学生参观东岸文科学院时几乎为之疯狂，我所在的学校用心良苦地安排了很多这种参观活动。大学申请季节时，斯沃斯莫尔和哈弗福德等大学会让伊莎贝拉这样的学生飞过去面试。少数几名学生会被东岸大学录取，但绝大多数学生会进入公立大学，尤其是加利福尼亚的大学，这些学校可以提供良好的受教育机会。但具有讽刺意味的是，很多向往文科学院的学生不一定了解这类大学强在哪里。吸引他们的是安静的校园、饱经风雨的墙砖和层层叠叠的常春藤，但在内心他们已经毅然踏入职前教育阶段。

In contrast, at the private school I attended for the last two years of high school, my classmates thought about what they wanted to learn in college, not only what they wanted to become. Some knew medical or law school loomed in the future, but they thought about the work in a different way. My privileged classmates enjoyed money, from what I could tell. A few reveled in their cars and clothes, but most appeared to take it for granted. They didn’t talk about it. Instead, a future doctor talked about working at the CDC to fight public health epidemics. A future lawyer envisioned starting a defense firm to provide a service to the hometown community. Most of us wanted to do something special.

与此相反，在我高中两年就读的私立学校，我的同学们考虑的是他们想在大学里学到什么，不仅仅只是他们想要从事的职业。有的同学知道将来很可能就读医学院或法学院，但他们以完全不同的方式思考未来。我那些有钱有势的同学很享受金钱带来的快乐，这点我看得出来。有人喜欢汽车，爱买衣服，但大多数人似乎觉得这理所当然。他们不谈论金钱。相反，未来的医生谈论在疾病预防控制中心的工作，治疗影响公众健康的流行病。未来的律师设想开办律师事务所服务家乡的社区。我们当中的绝大多数人想要做一些特别的事。

My students’ fantasies of the actual work they’d do in a well-paid professional capacity are vague by comparison—practicing law without knowing the difference between civil and criminal litigation or how to prepare for law school, doing business without an understanding of the nuts and bolts of entrepreneurship. While the vagueness stems from the lack of models in their communities, it also comes from the lack of imagination with which mentors have addressed their professed college plans. Students hear that being a doctor is great because doctors can make money, enjoy respect, and have a great life.They don’t hear that being a doctor is great because doctors possess the expertise to do great things.

相比之下，我那些希望从事高薪职业的学生们对工作实质毫无概念——想当律师的不了解民事诉讼和刑事诉讼的差别，也不知道读法学院要如何准备;想经商的不知道创业的各种细节。虽然这种茫然的根源来自他们的生活圈子里没有可以模仿的对象，但也由于缺乏想象力，因为导师们已经一手包办了他们自称的大学规划。这些学生听到的是，当一名医生很棒，可以赚大钱，受人尊敬，能过上富足的生活。他们没听到的是，当一名医生很棒的原因是，医生所具备的专业知识能让他们去做很棒的事。

When schools deemphasize the intellectual benefits of higher education, students become less imaginative about their futures.

当学校弱化高等教育对智力发展的重要性时，学生们对未来也变得不再富有想象力。

The rhetoric echoes the oft-cited work of Jean Anyon, an education researcher who died in September. Studying elementary schools, Anyon looked at how schools can condition kids for positions in life. She saw that schools teaching the children of affluent families prepared those kids to take on leadership roles and nurtured their capacity for confident self-expression and argument.Schools teaching children from low-income families focused on keeping students busy and managing behavior. A middle-class school deemphasized individual expression and in-depth analysis and rewarded the dutiful completion of specified rote tasks. In each case, according to Anyon, a “hidden curriculum” has prepared students for a future role in society. Some students learn to take orders and others learn to chart a course of action and delegate responsibility. School can either perpetuate inequity through social reproduction or have a transformative effect and help students transcend it.

这类言论也符合大家经常提及的吉恩?安扬(Jean Anyon)的研究，这位教育研究人员于今年9月去世了。在针对小学的研究过程中，安扬注意到学校是如何限定了孩子们的社会地位。她发现，在富裕家庭孩子就读的学校，老师教这些学生如何承担领导角色并培养他们充满自信地自我表达和演讲辩论。对低收入家庭的儿童，学校教育的重点放在让学生总是忙忙碌碌而且规矩听话。而中产阶级家庭孩子就读的学校弱化个性展示和深入分析，奖励学生尽职地完成指定的机械工作。根据安扬的研究，学校针对不同情况制定的“隐性课程”为学生们量身定制了未来的社会角色。有些学生学会服从命令，其他学生学会规划执行方案并且层层落实责任。学校可以通过社会复制让这种不公平延续下去，或者选择努力变革从而帮助学生超越它。

The rhetoric Isabella has heard about the purpose of college has a hidden message as well. When school environments casually yet consistently deemphasize the intellectual benefits of higher education, students become less imaginative about their futures. According to ACT’s College Choice Report from November 2013, 32 percent of students pick a college major that doesn’t really interest them. The same study suggests that students are less likely to graduate when they do this. As high school educators know, good students have less trouble getting into selective schools than they do graduating from them – especially first-generation minority college students like Isabella and her classmates.

伊莎贝拉听到的大学目标这类言论还潜藏了一个信息。当学校看似随意但不停弱化高等教育对智力发展的重要性时，学生对未来也变得不再富有想象力。根据2013年11月ACT(美国大学入学考试)的大学选择报告，32%的学生选择了他们并不真正感兴趣的专业。这份研究还表明，做出这种选择的学生顺利毕业的可能也较小。高中老师都知道，好学生考取重点大学不难，但顺利毕业就难说了——尤其是少数民族的代移民大学生，比如伊莎贝拉和她的同学们。

College should be “sold” to all students as an opportunity to experience an intellectual awakening. All students should learn that privilege is connected to the pursuit of passions. People are privileged to follow their hearts in life, to spend their time crafting an identity instead of simply surviving. Access to higher education means that your values and interests can govern your choices. It makes sense that privileged 18-year-olds who have already learned that lesson gravitate to liberal-arts colleges. I would prefer not to live in a country in which rhetoric about the purpose of college urges kids from privileged backgrounds to be innovators and creators while the poor kids who do very well in school are taught to be educated, capable employees. Isabella figured it out on her own – much as she’s managed to ace her classes without academic help outside of school. To achieve this goal more broadly, though, we need to proactively teach our most marginalized students that honing an intellectually curious frame of mind is as essential to leading an invigorating working life as ambition and work ethic.

大学应该向所有学生“灌输”的是，有机会体验知识带来的觉醒。所有的学生都应该知道，享有特权与追求爱好息息相关。人们有权利按照心灵的指引生活，用生命打造自己独具的特性，而不仅仅是为了生存。接受高等教育意味着你的价值观念和兴趣爱好可以左右你的选择。享有特权的这些18岁孩子们已经得到了被文科学院吸引的教训，这很正常。我不愿生活在这样的国家，夸夸其谈大学的目的就是让有钱有势的孩子成为革新者和创造者，而品学兼优的穷孩子则被教育成有知识的合格打工者。伊莎贝拉靠自己明白了这个道理——就像她没有上过校外辅导班门门功课照样拿优一样。但为了让更多的学生也同样明白，我们需要主动告知我们最被边缘化的学生，想要拥有愉快的职业生涯，培养好奇心和求知欲以及保持进取心和职业道德都是缺一不可的。

雅思阅读解题技巧之段落标题

Paragraph headings(段落标题)最频繁的题型之一

在阅读文章的后面给出list of headings,一般是10个左右选项，其中含一到两个段落及其标题的例子。要求对题目中给出的段落，根据其内容找出与其相匹配的段落标题。尽管题目说明中提示一个选项可能会适用多个，但正式考试中一般一个选项只能用于一个段落。

段落标题类答题步骤：

1. 首先在list of headings中划去做为例子的heading 或headings，以免在根据段落内容在list of headings中找出与其相匹配的段落标题时，它(它们)会干扰考试者对其他headings的选择。

2. 在文章中把做为例子的段落划掉，以免对例子段落进行不必要的精读。

3. 对题目中给出的段落，按照首句(第一、二句)、末句和中间句寻找主题句的方法，在list of headings中找出与其相匹配的段落标题。

4. 如果时间允许，按照文章的段落顺序，对非题目中给出的段落及例子段落进行快速阅读，而对题目中给出并要求找出与其相匹配的段落标题的段落进行精读。找出其中心意思后，再在list of headings中找出与其相匹配的段落标题。

5. 选出几个可能匹配的题目进行比较(通常两至三个)，当然其中只能有一个为正确答案。

6. 对于第一种匹配题型可以将最难的题留在最后进行匹配，不要在较难的题上花费更多的时间，而应选择较易回答的题目进行匹配，最后所剩即为该难题的答案。

7. 要仔细检察答案，特别是第一题型，因为答错一题，就意味着答错两道题。

雅思阅读提高方法之速度提高篇