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提高雅思阅读速度有哪些方法

时间：2023年09月30日

来源：alexsun

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以下是小编帮大家整理的提高雅思阅读速度有哪些方法，本文共8篇，欢迎大家分享。本文原稿由网友“alexsun”提供。

篇1：雅思阅读提高方法之速度提高

雅思阅读提高方法之速度提高篇

方法一、一揽众山法

适用人群：英语词汇量大，平时经常阅读英语文章或浏览英语网站，语法基础扎实，短期记忆力强，对自己的英语能力非常有信心的考生。

操作方法：拿到阅读试卷后浏览文章标题，然后选定一篇文章开始做题。选定文章后先阅读所有的题目，即13-14道题目，把每一道题目的关键词划出来并进行短期记忆。(注：关键词包括定位词和考点，定位词多以名词为主，考点则多以谓语动词和形容词副词为主)重点记忆一些定位性强的名词。看完题目之后去看文章，从头开始看，按文章的顺序和段落去理解，边看边回忆之前记忆中的定位词，看到了就用笔做一个记号。注意在看的过程中是要以理解文章为主，不要过多的去想题目的内容，主要是看懂文章。看完以后再去看题目，根据文章的内容去做题。如果有雅思阅读文章的内容记不清，就可以利用之前读文章时划出的定位词再回原文看一下然后确定答案。

优点：节省时间，做题速度快

缺陷：挑战考生英语能力和记忆力，并不适用于大部分考生，主要针对一些立志阅读考8分以上的考生。

方法二、各个击破法

适用人群：英语基础不是非常好，词汇量缺乏，文章对其来说基本看不太懂的考生。

操作方法：拿到阅读试卷后浏览文章标题，然后选定一篇文章开始做题。但是选择的时候要注意题材的熟悉度，可以挑选自己相对还比较熟悉的题材先做。学生在日常的雅思阅读练习中可以熟练自己的拿手题型。选定后就开始审题。审题则是按照题型来看。首选是填空题和判断题，其次是选择和配对题。例如说文章后题型搭配为判断题+选择题+填空题，那么先审判断题这一部分题目，一题一题做，根据判断题的做题方法去做，而且可以利用顺序性去看文章找答案。做完判断题以后再做填空题，利用填空题的标题或第一句话中的名词去做定位，然后用填空题的做题方法去把填空题做完。最后去做选择题，因为选择题对于文章的理解要求比较高，对于程度不太好的考生来说会比较难做。

优点：能尽量保证填空题的正确率，在能得分的题目中保证得分。对于基础不是很好的考生来说是一个既能保证正确率又能相对节约时间的方法

缺陷：时间花费比较多，而且会多次重复阅读文章。

方法三、如何提高雅思阅读?融会贯通法很重要

适用人群：有一定的英语词汇量，并参加过培训班，掌握了基础语法知识。

操作方法：拿到阅读试卷后浏览文章标题和文章后的题型，选择自己最熟悉的话题或者有自己最擅长的题型的那篇文章。然后浏览一下题型，确定下题型关注的先后顺序，也是先填空判断，后配对选择。但这种先后并不是绝对的，而是交替的，也就是在重点做填空判断之前已经将配对选择的定位词和关键词划出并记忆，然后在做填空判断时顺带这看看有没有配对题和选择题的定位词出现。如果程度稍好的同学则可以看一段文章，把这段文章中涉及到的各种题型的题目都完成，一段一段解决问题。但是用这种方法的时候要注意时间的把握。

优点：可以相对合理的安排时间去做题，也能保证容易做的题型的正确率。

缺陷：需要考生能随机应变，对不同的题型搭配要有合理的时间分配，可能会造成审题或看文章内容的混乱。

以上就是雅思阅读提高方法之速度提高篇的全部内容，我们可以看出阅读速度慢的原因有很多种，且各位考雅思的同学的基础也不同，最主要的是能分析出自己做题速度慢的原因，然后对症下药，去解决速度慢的问题。提高雅思阅读的做题速度可以让我们首先做完题，拿分的可能性增高，并且能有一定的心理上的舒缓。

雅思阅读材料：不仅仅书中才有“黄金屋”

A 12th-grader wrote a college admissions essay about wanting to pursue a career in oceanography. Let’s call her Isabella. A few months ago, we edited it in my classroom during lunch. The writing was good, but plenty of 17-year-olds fantasize about swimming with whales. Her essay was distinctive for another reason: Her career goals were not the highlight of the essay. They were just a means of framing her statement of purpose, something surprisingly few personal statements actually get around to making.

一名级的高中学生写了一篇申请大学的文章，描述她想要从事与海洋学相关的职业。我们就叫她伊莎贝拉好了。几个月前，我们利用午餐时间在我的教室对文章进行了润色。文章写的不错，但充满了17岁少女的幻想，比如与鲸鱼结伴遨游。她的文章与众不同的另一个原因是：她的职业目标不是这篇文章的重点，只是完成她目的陈述的表达手法，这点很令人惊讶，因为事实上很少用这种方式写个人陈述。

The essay’s core concerned the rhetoric that educators had used to motivate her and her peers—other minority students from low-income communities. She’d been encouraged to think of college foremost as a path to socioeconomic mobility. Since elementary school, teachers had rhapsodized about the opportunities that four years of higher education could unlock. Administrators had rattled off statistics about the gulf in earnings between college graduates and those with only high-school diplomas. She’d been told to think about her family, their hopes for her, what they hadn’t had and what she could have if she remained diligent. She’d been promised that good grades and a ticket to a good college would lead to a good job, one that would guarantee her financial independence and enable her to give back to those hard-working people who had placed their faith in her.

文章的核心是围绕教育工作者的一些言论，他们一直用这些言论激励她和她的同龄人——来自低收入社区的少数民族学生。不断有人给她洗脑，上大学是位的，是改善社会经济地位的坦途。从上小学开始，老师就极力宣扬四年的大学生活能打开机遇的大门。学校领导能飞快地列举出各种统计数据，说明大学毕业生和只有高中文凭的那些人在收入方面的巨大差距。总是有人对她说，想想你的家人，想想他们寄予的厚望，如果能一直努力读书就会得到父辈无法拥有的东西。只要成绩好，拿到顶尖大学的录取通知书，保证就会有个好工作，有了好工作，不仅自己经济上能够独立而且还有能力回报亲友，这些人一直努力工作并且对她充满信心。

Thankfully, Isabella decried this characterization as shortsighted and simplistic. My guess is that only students like her ever have to hear it.

值得庆幸的是，伊莎贝拉批评这类说辞是目光短浅和头脑简单。我猜大概只有像她这样的学生才会听到这些。

The black and Latino kids I teach live in Inglewood and West Adams in Los Angeles. Their parents are house-cleaners, truck drivers, and non-union carpenters. When administrators, counselors, and teachers repeat again and again that a college degree will alleviate economic hardship, they don’t mean to suggest that there is no other point to higher education. Yet by focusing on this one potential benefit, educators risk distracting them from the others, emphasizing the value of the fruits of their academic labor and skipping past the importance of the labor itself. The message is that intellectual curiosity plays second fiddle to financial security.

我教的那些非洲裔和拉美裔学生都住在洛杉矶的英格尔伍德和西亚当斯。他们父母从事的工作是清洁工、卡车司机和非工会的木匠。当校长、辅导员和老师一次又一次地重复着，有了大学文凭会改善经济窘迫的情况，他们并不是指高等教育除了这点就没别的用处了。但是当只专注在获取这种潜在利益时，教育工作者们让学生注意不到别的事物，他们强调知识累积后成果的价值却忽略了知识累积本身的重要性。这种做法传递的消息是，求知欲排在经济保障之后。

While Isabella’s essay acknowledged her lack of economic advantages and portrayed with sensitivity her parents’ struggles, she was eager to focus first on nurturing her intellectual passion. She detailed how her curiosity about sea urchins and other marine life had led to a passion she wants to sustain through college and a subsequent career. College will ferry her to her intellectual destiny, not a financial windfall. She’ll make her life’s work what she wants to do, not just what she is able do.

虽然伊莎贝拉的文章承认她没有经济优势也敏感地描绘了她父母生活的困顿，但她盼望能将重心首先放在培养自己的求知欲上。她详细讲述了对海胆等海洋生物的好奇，这种好奇激发了她对海洋生物学的热情，她希望能在未来的大学生活和随后的职业生涯中一直保持这份热情。大学会把她送到知识海洋的彼岸，而不是送来意外的横财。她要让自己毕生的职业是她想要去做的，而不是她能去做的。

My students are understandably preoccupied with money. They don’t have the privilege to not worry about it. They fantasize about what their future wealth will permit them to enjoy. They dream about specific models of cars in certain colors and gargantuan houses in particular neighborhoods and opulent meals at their favorite restaurants any time they wish. Many swoon over the East Coast liberal arts colleges they visit on the special trips that my school is thoughtful enough to arrange. Colleges like Swarthmore and Haverford fly students like Isabella out during college applications season. A few are accepted but most attend state schools, which, especially in California, can provide excellent educational opportunities. The irony, though, is that many of these students aspire to go to a liberal-arts school but don’t necessarily understand its significance. They’re drawn to sleepy quads, weathered brick, and cascading ivy, but they are resolutely pre-professional in spirit.

可以理解我的学生们为什么十分在意金钱。他们没有资本不去担心。他们幻想着将来有钱可以让他们好好享受生活。他们梦想拥有某种颜色的限定款汽车、位于特殊社区的大豪宅以及随时可以在喜欢的餐厅享用丰盛的美食。许多学生参观东岸文科学院时几乎为之疯狂，我所在的学校用心良苦地安排了很多这种参观活动。大学申请季节时，斯沃斯莫尔和哈弗福德等大学会让伊莎贝拉这样的学生飞过去面试。少数几名学生会被东岸大学录取，但绝大多数学生会进入公立大学，尤其是加利福尼亚的大学，这些学校可以提供良好的受教育机会。但具有讽刺意味的是，很多向往文科学院的学生不一定了解这类大学强在哪里。吸引他们的是安静的校园、饱经风雨的墙砖和层层叠叠的常春藤，但在内心他们已经毅然踏入职前教育阶段。

In contrast, at the private school I attended for the last two years of high school, my classmates thought about what they wanted to learn in college, not only what they wanted to become. Some knew medical or law school loomed in the future, but they thought about the work in a different way. My privileged classmates enjoyed money, from what I could tell. A few reveled in their cars and clothes, but most appeared to take it for granted. They didn’t talk about it. Instead, a future doctor talked about working at the CDC to fight public health epidemics. A future lawyer envisioned starting a defense firm to provide a service to the hometown community. Most of us wanted to do something special.

与此相反，在我高中两年就读的私立学校，我的同学们考虑的是他们想在大学里学到什么，不仅仅只是他们想要从事的职业。有的同学知道将来很可能就读医学院或法学院，但他们以完全不同的方式思考未来。我那些有钱有势的同学很享受金钱带来的快乐，这点我看得出来。有人喜欢汽车，爱买衣服，但大多数人似乎觉得这理所当然。他们不谈论金钱。相反，未来的医生谈论在疾病预防控制中心的工作，治疗影响公众健康的流行病。未来的律师设想开办律师事务所服务家乡的社区。我们当中的绝大多数人想要做一些特别的事。

My students’ fantasies of the actual work they’d do in a well-paid professional capacity are vague by comparison—practicing law without knowing the difference between civil and criminal litigation or how to prepare for law school, doing business without an understanding of the nuts and bolts of entrepreneurship. While the vagueness stems from the lack of models in their communities, it also comes from the lack of imagination with which mentors have addressed their professed college plans. Students hear that being a doctor is great because doctors can make money, enjoy respect, and have a great life.They don’t hear that being a doctor is great because doctors possess the expertise to do great things.

相比之下，我那些希望从事高薪职业的学生们对工作实质毫无概念——想当律师的不了解民事诉讼和刑事诉讼的差别，也不知道读法学院要如何准备;想经商的不知道创业的各种细节。虽然这种茫然的根源来自他们的生活圈子里没有可以模仿的对象，但也由于缺乏想象力，因为导师们已经一手包办了他们自称的大学规划。这些学生听到的是，当一名医生很棒，可以赚大钱，受人尊敬，能过上富足的生活。他们没听到的是，当一名医生很棒的原因是，医生所具备的专业知识能让他们去做很棒的事。

When schools deemphasize the intellectual benefits of higher education, students become less imaginative about their futures.

当学校弱化高等教育对智力发展的重要性时，学生们对未来也变得不再富有想象力。

The rhetoric echoes the oft-cited work of Jean Anyon, an education researcher who died in September. Studying elementary schools, Anyon looked at how schools can condition kids for positions in life. She saw that schools teaching the children of affluent families prepared those kids to take on leadership roles and nurtured their capacity for confident self-expression and argument.Schools teaching children from low-income families focused on keeping students busy and managing behavior. A middle-class school deemphasized individual expression and in-depth analysis and rewarded the dutiful completion of specified rote tasks. In each case, according to Anyon, a “hidden curriculum” has prepared students for a future role in society. Some students learn to take orders and others learn to chart a course of action and delegate responsibility. School can either perpetuate inequity through social reproduction or have a transformative effect and help students transcend it.

这类言论也符合大家经常提及的吉恩?安扬(Jean Anyon)的研究，这位教育研究人员于今年9月去世了。在针对小学的研究过程中，安扬注意到学校是如何限定了孩子们的社会地位。她发现，在富裕家庭孩子就读的学校，老师教这些学生如何承担领导角色并培养他们充满自信地自我表达和演讲辩论。对低收入家庭的儿童，学校教育的重点放在让学生总是忙忙碌碌而且规矩听话。而中产阶级家庭孩子就读的学校弱化个性展示和深入分析，奖励学生尽职地完成指定的机械工作。根据安扬的研究，学校针对不同情况制定的“隐性课程”为学生们量身定制了未来的社会角色。有些学生学会服从命令，其他学生学会规划执行方案并且层层落实责任。学校可以通过社会复制让这种不公平延续下去，或者选择努力变革从而帮助学生超越它。

The rhetoric Isabella has heard about the purpose of college has a hidden message as well. When school environments casually yet consistently deemphasize the intellectual benefits of higher education, students become less imaginative about their futures. According to ACT’s College Choice Report from November , 32 percent of students pick a college major that doesn’t really interest them. The same study suggests that students are less likely to graduate when they do this. As high school educators know, good students have less trouble getting into selective schools than they do graduating from them – especially first-generation minority college students like Isabella and her classmates.

伊莎贝拉听到的大学目标这类言论还潜藏了一个信息。当学校看似随意但不停弱化高等教育对智力发展的重要性时，学生对未来也变得不再富有想象力。根据11月ACT(美国大学入学考试)的大学选择报告，32%的学生选择了他们并不真正感兴趣的专业。这份研究还表明，做出这种选择的学生顺利毕业的可能也较小。高中老师都知道，好学生考取重点大学不难，但顺利毕业就难说了——尤其是少数民族的代移民大学生，比如伊莎贝拉和她的同学们。

College should be “sold” to all students as an opportunity to experience an intellectual awakening. All students should learn that privilege is connected to the pursuit of passions. People are privileged to follow their hearts in life, to spend their time crafting an identity instead of simply surviving. Access to higher education means that your values and interests can govern your choices. It makes sense that privileged 18-year-olds who have already learned that lesson gravitate to liberal-arts colleges. I would prefer not to live in a country in which rhetoric about the purpose of college urges kids from privileged backgrounds to be innovators and creators while the poor kids who do very well in school are taught to be educated, capable employees. Isabella figured it out on her own – much as she’s managed to ace her classes without academic help outside of school. To achieve this goal more broadly, though, we need to proactively teach our most marginalized students that honing an intellectually curious frame of mind is as essential to leading an invigorating working life as ambition and work ethic.

大学应该向所有学生“灌输”的是，有机会体验知识带来的觉醒。所有的学生都应该知道，享有特权与追求爱好息息相关。人们有权利按照心灵的指引生活，用生命打造自己独具的特性，而不仅仅是为了生存。接受高等教育意味着你的价值观念和兴趣爱好可以左右你的选择。享有特权的这些18岁孩子们已经得到了被文科学院吸引的教训，这很正常。我不愿生活在这样的国家，夸夸其谈大学的目的就是让有钱有势的孩子成为革新者和创造者，而品学兼优的穷孩子则被教育成有知识的合格打工者。伊莎贝拉靠自己明白了这个道理——就像她没有上过校外辅导班门门功课照样拿优一样。但为了让更多的学生也同样明白，我们需要主动告知我们最被边缘化的学生，想要拥有愉快的职业生涯，培养好奇心和求知欲以及保持进取心和职业道德都是缺一不可的。

雅思阅读解题技巧之段落标题

Paragraph headings(段落标题)最频繁的题型之一

在阅读文章的后面给出list of headings,一般是10个左右选项，其中含一到两个段落及其标题的例子。要求对题目中给出的段落，根据其内容找出与其相匹配的段落标题。尽管题目说明中提示一个选项可能会适用多个，但正式考试中一般一个选项只能用于一个段落。

段落标题类答题步骤：

1. 首先在list of headings中划去做为例子的heading 或headings，以免在根据段落内容在list of headings中找出与其相匹配的段落标题时，它(它们)会干扰考试者对其他headings的选择。

2. 在文章中把做为例子的段落划掉，以免对例子段落进行不必要的精读。

3. 对题目中给出的段落，按照首句(第一、二句)、末句和中间句寻找主题句的方法，在list of headings中找出与其相匹配的段落标题。

4. 如果时间允许，按照文章的段落顺序，对非题目中给出的段落及例子段落进行快速阅读，而对题目中给出并要求找出与其相匹配的段落标题的段落进行精读。找出其中心意思后，再在list of headings中找出与其相匹配的段落标题。

5. 选出几个可能匹配的题目进行比较(通常两至三个)，当然其中只能有一个为正确答案。

6. 对于第一种匹配题型可以将最难的题留在最后进行匹配，不要在较难的题上花费更多的时间，而应选择较易回答的题目进行匹配，最后所剩即为该难题的答案。

7. 要仔细检察答案，特别是第一题型，因为答错一题，就意味着答错两道题。

雅思阅读提高方法之速度提高篇

篇2：提高雅思阅读速度有哪些方法

如何提高雅思阅读速度

如何提高雅思阅读速度为大家带来雅思阅读相关的技巧和经验。我们今天要谈的是雅思阅读的阅读速度问题，有同学经常因为雅思阅读速度过慢，读不完所有文章做不完题导致失分。这是可以通过一定的方法和训练进行提升的。今天我们就一起来看一看。

怎样的雅思阅读速度才算是合格了?

1 避免默读或唇读

这是很多考生在阅读英文的时候一定会陷入的误区，似乎只有默念甚至小声的读出来才能更有安全感的去理解文章，然而实际上我们说英文的速读最快也只能达到250 wpm，与我们速读的要求相差很多。如果除去唇读的时间，单纯地把阅读变成一种视觉接受信息的方式，速度会有很大提升。

当然这一点在初期矫正的时候会比较困难，如果你总是不自觉的吧你所看到的文章读出来，你可以试着一边看文章一边读1.2.3.4之类的最简单的词语。刚开始练习的时候你的英文理解专注力一定会受到干扰，但是一段时间的练习之后你会发现你的视觉思维处理能力大大得到了提升。

2 不要逐句翻译成中文

这是另一个非常容易影响你阅读速度的习惯。正常来说我们处理英文的过程就是reading-understanding，然而很多同学习惯于reading-translating-understanding，增加了一个翻译的环节会大大降低你的阅读速度。我们在skimming and scanning 的时候是要快速把控文章的大致结构和中心内容，因此考生不需要将每个单词都翻译成中文。

另外一点，大家一定要习惯直接理解“英文”，要培养用英文的思维方式去理解英文材料的能力。无论是阅读还是其它的听说写，直接用英文的思维方式相互转化，而不是一定要用“翻译成中文”作为中间环节。

3 排除干扰项

都说雅思托福考试时一场体力与精力的考验。60分钟的高强度阅读考试需要你的注意力高度集中。

大家在练习的时候有没有过这样的情况：读着读着思路就飘走了，盯着一句话好几遍都反应不过来它的意思，实际上你的大脑精神早就不在reading上了。这是因为我们从小接触的各类英文考试很少是长达几个小时并且时间非常紧迫的。

实际上注意力的集中时长是可以经过锻炼的。在托福雅思阅读中我们需要锻炼自己集中注意力的能力，不断提醒自己不要走神，习惯于高强度的英文阅读方式，这样才能提高我们的阅读速度与质量。

4 熟悉文章结构套路

这一点不仅仅在各类考试中很重要，在大家出国留学后面对海量的reading时,这方面能力会大大帮助你survive。以托福雅思作文中都很常出现的科技类说明文为例，一般文章主体都会包括这项科技的起源以及发展历史、实验过程、实际应用、一些科学界或相关人士对它的评价等等。

如果在速读过程中考生能够迅速判断一篇文章的类别以及明确这类文章一般会有的结构套路，那么你在快速浏览文章的过程中，你的阅读速度会大大提高。当然这方面的能力需要建立在大量的阅读练习的基础上，这里也提醒大家，速读练习的时候最重要的一点就是摸清文章的结构脉络。

5 词汇语法能力作基石

最后一点真的不需要赘述了。你掌握了再多的速读技巧，没有强大的词汇量和语法能力作为支撑，一切都是空谈。这里教大家一个小技巧：你在看文章的时候不要仅仅看逐个单词，要习惯于把词组和固定搭配一起放在视线范围内，这样在提高阅读速度的同时也能够提升英文理解质量。这也要求我们在背单词的时候要同时熟悉单词的常见词组以及固定搭配。

提高雅思阅读速度有哪些方法?

方法一、一揽众山法

适用人群：英语词汇量大，平时经常阅读英语文章或浏览英语网站，语法基础扎实，短期记忆力强，对自己的英语能力非常有信心的考生。

优点：节省时间，做题速度快

缺陷：挑战考生英语能力和记忆力，并不适用于大部分考生，主要针对一些立志阅读考8分以上的考生。

如何提高雅思阅读速度

方法二、各个击破法

适用人群：英语基础不是非常好，词汇量缺乏，文章对其来说基本看不太懂的考生。

优点：能尽量保证填空题的正确率，在能得分的题目中保证得分。对于基础不是很好的考生来说是一个既能保证正确率又能相对节约时间的方法

缺陷：时间花费比较多，而且会多次重复阅读文章。

如何提高雅思阅读速度

方法三、如何提高雅思阅读?融会贯通法很重要

适用人群：有一定的英语词汇量，并参加过培训班，掌握了基础语法知识。

优点：可以相对合理的安排时间去做题，也能保证容易做的题型的正确率。

缺陷：需要考生能随机应变，对不同的题型搭配要有合理的时间分配，可能会造成审题或看文章内容的混乱。

雅思阅读考前必看文章之教育心理类

雅思阅读：Now you know

When should you teach children, and when should you let them explore?

IT IS one of the oldest debates in education. Should teachers tell pupils the way things are or encourage them to find out for themselves? Telling children “truths” about the world helps them learn those facts more quickly. Yet the efficient learning of specific facts may lead to the assumption that when the adult has finished teaching, there is nothing further to learn—because if there were, the adult would have said so. A study just published in Cognition by Elizabeth Bonawitz of the University of California, Berkeley, and Patrick Shafto of the University of Louisville, in Kentucky, suggests that is true.

Dr Bonawitz and Dr Shafto arranged for 85 four- and five-year-olds to be presented, during a visit to a museum, with a novel toy that looked like a tangle of coloured pipes and was capable of doing many different things. They wanted to know whether the way the children played with the toy depended on how they were instructed by the adult who gave it to them.

One group of children had a strictly pedagogical introduction. The experimenter said “Look at my toy! This is my toy. I'm going to show you how my toy works.” She then pulled a yellow tube out of a purple tube, creating a squeaking sound. Following this, she said, “Wow, see that? This is how my toy works!” and then demonstrated the effect again.

With a second group of children, the experimenter acted differently. She interrupted herself after demonstrating the squeak by saying she had to go and write something down, thus suggesting that she might not have finished the demonstration. With a third group, she activated the squeak as if by accident. To a fourth, the toy was simply presented with the comment, “Wow, see this toy? Look at this!”

After these varied introductions, the children were left with the toy and allowed to play. They might discover that, as well as the squeaker, the toy had a button inside one tube which activated a light, a keypad that played musical notes, and an inverting mirror inside one of the tubes. All the children were told to let the experimenter know when they had finished playing and were asked by the instructor if they were done if they stopped playing for more than five consecutive seconds. The entire interaction was recorded on video.

Footage of each child playing was passed to a research assistant who was ignorant of the purpose of the study. The assistant was asked to record the total playing time, the number of different actions the child performed, the time spent playing with the squeak, and the number of other functions the child discovered.

The upshot was that children in the first group spent less time playing (119 seconds) than those in the second (180 seconds), the third (133 seconds) or the fourth (206 seconds). Those in the first group also tried out four different actions, on average. The others tried 5.3, 5.9 and 6.2, respectively. A similar pattern (0.7, 1.3, 1.2 and 1.2) pertained to the number of functions other than the squeak that the children found.

The researchers' conclusion was that, in the context of strange toys of unknown function, prior explanation does, indeed, inhibit exploration and discovery. Generalising from that would be ambitious. But it suggests that further research might be quite a good idea.

雅思阅读考前必看文章之教育心理类

Hustling spires

A psychological leap is needed—both in British academia and in Westminster

EMO OF FRIESLAND was Oxford's first recorded foreign student, and since 1190 they have kept pouring in. Both sides have benefited: Britain's universities, economy and culture have been enriched, and foreign scholars have been privileged to mix with the best. In recent years foreigners' higher fees have helped to keep increasingly hard-pressed institutions solvent.

Now, as rich-world students become more adventurous, and prosperous emerging countries churn out would-be undergraduates faster than good university places, the market in international higher education is booming. The number of students enrolled outside their home country has roughly trebled since 1980, on OECD figures. Britain is a world leader in this market, second only to America.

But the business is changing. In addition to the traditional Anglophone competitors for foreign students, many continental European places now teach in English. Countries that once consumed international education now provide it: Singapore is well on its way to becoming a regional hub. Universities (including British ones) are setting up campuses across borders. In short, students have more choice than ever; they are less likely to tolerate being fee fodder to subsidise Britons' education just because a brochure boasts an ancient-looking crest.

To flourish, British universities and their political masters must make a host of small changes and one huge one. The former mostly involve marketing. There is remarkably little differentiation now: Oxbridge colleges and former polytechnics all seem to have the same blurbs, which can lead foreign students to think they have been sold a pup. Too many universities think their job is done after the last exam: in fact forging strong alumni networks overseas is good for recruitment, good for ex-students and good for their alma maters' bank balances.

A geographic bias must be corrected too. China has been the big story, its students flooding Western campuses. Britain targeted that market well. But as that one-child country ages, India is the place to go for. Britain is belatedly trying to fix a change to the visa regime that angered many Indian students in particular by appearing to lump them in with subcontinental terrorists. There is talk of British universities teaming up with Indian ones. But more could be done.

The huge change is psychological: stop thinking of foreign students as mugs to be overcharged to subsidise poor Britons. That has never worked in any business and it is not going to work in this one. Rather concentrate on making British universities as good as possible. That above all means allowing them to charge domestic students something close to the real cost of their education.

This is fair:the average value of an education to the recipient exceeds the direst estimates of the fees involved. It also creates a virtuous circle. Better-funded universities can hire more good professors and build more modern laboratories. Britons will get a better education, and it will attract more foreign students too—who can help pay for more.

The man with the chequebook is your student

With their famous names and skilled workers, Britain's universities are in the same state as its motorbike-makers and banks were half a century ago. One clung to state handouts and the idea that people had no choice: it disappeared. The other decided to sell to the world and deregulated. For all the City of London's recent travails, it is surely a better model for Oxford, Cambridge et al than the likes of the BSA Triumph.

篇3：雅思阅读提高方法之速度提高篇

雅思阅读提高方法之速度提高篇

雅思阅读提高方法之速度提高篇为你带来提高雅思阅读速度的几个方法和建议。不少同学在雅思阅读的大题量和短时间的限制下，很难做完所以的题，甚至有时连最后一篇文章都还没读，题都还没看过就被迫要交卷子了。这些都是因为做题的速度慢而导致的。当然，做题速度不够快的原因多种多样，本文就不同基础的同学提出了几种提高雅思阅读速度的方法。

方法一、一揽众山法

适用人群：英语词汇量大，平时经常阅读英语文章或浏览英语网站，语法基础扎实，短期记忆力强，对自己的英语能力非常有信心的考生。

优点：节省时间，做题速度快

缺陷：挑战考生英语能力和记忆力，并不适用于大部分考生，主要针对一些立志阅读考8分以上的考生。

方法二、各个击破法

适用人群：英语基础不是非常好，词汇量缺乏，文章对其来说基本看不太懂的考生。

优点：能尽量保证填空题的正确率，在能得分的题目中保证得分。对于基础不是很好的考生来说是一个既能保证正确率又能相对节约时间的方法

缺陷：时间花费比较多，而且会多次重复阅读文章。

方法三、如何提高雅思阅读?融会贯通法很重要

适用人群：有一定的英语词汇量，并参加过培训班，掌握了基础语法知识。

优点：可以相对合理的安排时间去做题，也能保证容易做的题型的正确率。

缺陷：需要考生能随机应变，对不同的题型搭配要有合理的时间分配，可能会造成审题或看文章内容的混乱。

雅思阅读临场经验的4点分享

雅思阅读临场经验的4点分享为你带来在实战参加雅思阅读的考试的时候，可以借鉴的一些前人的考试经验。雅思阅读在规定的时间内要完成3篇文章的40多道题目，可以说是有一定难度的。很多考生到了最后都做不完题目，因此，在考试中我们需要有一定的策略去争取更多的分数。下文就给了我们4个建议和考过雅思阅读的同学的分享。

1. 扫读和略读

首先考生要明白，雅思阅读考试考察的阅读理解能力和阅读技巧，而不是你能否看懂文章。建议考生多做阅读速读训练，也就是学会扫读和略读。扫读就是根据关键词，定位到相关语段，迅速寻找答案，略读适合应用在雅思阅读题型中的段落标记题，略读能更好的抓住文章的中心句段及关键信息。

2. 难度预判

雅思阅读文章是有难易度的，考生要根据文章难易度合理安排做题时间，本身时间就很紧张，第一篇文章预留10-12分钟，第二篇和第三篇文章难度大预留20分钟，留下5分钟检查答案，基本就差不多了。建议考生在模考时进行计时，精确到每一篇文章的做题时间，先易后难提升做题效率，难题后做，难度大的文章后做。

阅读文章前先扫读题目，根据题型及关键词进行扫读和略读。特征性强的题目先做，遇到需要同义替换或细节题，可放到最后做。按照题目顺序做题，如遇到信息匹配题等乱序题，则考虑放到最后做。

3. 审题

审题是最为关键的，做好审题包括：题型分析、关键词划分、题目意图分析等。根据题型分析，考生可选择做题顺序 ; 而划分关键词则能帮助考生尽快定位文章答案范围 ; 做好题目意图分析也就是掌握文章大意。

4. 适当取舍

考试过程中难免会遇到难题，生词和不确定的答案，考生不要过度纠结在题目上，遵循一个原则，能拿到的分一个不能少，难拿的分数尽量拿。不要在个别题目上停留太久，捡了芝麻丢了西瓜。

临场作战(阅读)

阅读有些人喜欢先看题目，再在文章中找答案，有些人喜欢先把文章读完，再做题目。我本来是属于后者，因为不喜欢做完题目后还不知道文章说什么的感觉。如果时间充裕，我觉得这两种方法无所谓优劣，但雅思阅读的关键难点多大多数人来讲是时间很紧。所以这两种方法对我来说，都不适合我进行雅思阅读考试。因为由于我的记忆力比较差劲，所以如果采用第一种方法，雅思文章太长，读完后做题目根本不记得在文章的哪里，还要浪费时间再读一遍。而如果采取第二种方法带着问题看文章，由于雅思一篇文章后面一般都跟着10几个题目，如果是选择或者什么TF之类的就更麻烦，我根本不能记着那么多问题去专心的阅读文章

我经过思考，为自己选择了第三种方法，回避了自己记忆力差的弱点，又可以提高做题速度。就是读一段文章，然后看有没有相关的题目，如果有，则可以马上给出答案，因为文章信息在脑袋里还很清晰。如果没有，则继续再读一段文章，再看题目，如此继续。所谓一段，我认为适合自己的是20行左右。这种方法在遇到给各段命名的题目类型时更加实用。我在后两次的雅思考试中使用这种方法，感到大大缩短了完成阅读的时间，最后一次做完题目还有了6分钟的空闲，而第一次题目都没来及做完。如果你和我的情况比较相似，我建议你可以TRY一下我的方法。

以上就是雅思阅读临场经验的4点分享的全部内容，对于雅思阅读，质量和数量的平衡才能帮助我们获得更高的分数。在做题时候，我们可以给自己规定一个时间的上限，比如一道题我过了几分钟还是没有头绪那我就先做下面的或者其他简单的。这样才能避免因小失大。

雅思考试阅读模拟练习及答案

How to increase sales

From The Economist print edition

How shops can exploit people's herd mentality to increase sales

1.A TRIP to the supermarket may not seem like an exercise in psychological warfare—but it is.Shopkeepers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they had intended.Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors.Now researchers are investigating how “swarm intelligence” (that is，how ants，bees or any social animal，including humans，behave in a crowd) can be used to influence what people buy.

2.At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome，Zeeshan-ul-hassan Usmani，a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology，described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon.Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted: for instance，by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store，forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them.Mr Usmani and Ronaldo Menezes，also of the Florida Institute of Technology，set out to enhance this tendency to buy more by playing on the herd instinct.The idea is that，if a certain product is seen to be popular，shoppers are likely to choose it too.The challenge is to keep customers informed about what others are buying.

3.Enter smart-cart technology.In Mr Usmani's supermarket every product has a radio frequency identification tag，a sort of barcode that uses radio waves to transmit information，and every trolley has a scanner that reads this information and relays it to a central computer.As a customer walks past a shelf of goods，a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product.If the number is high，he is more likely to select it too.

4.Mr Usmani's “swarm-moves” model appeals to supermarkets because it increases sales without the need to give people discounts.And it gives shoppers the satisfaction of knowing that they bought the “right” product—that is，the one everyone else bought.The model has not yet been tested widely in the real world，mainly because radio frequency identification technology is new and has only been installed experimentally in some supermarkets.But Mr Usmani says that both Wal-Mart in America and Tesco in Britain are interested in his work，and testing will get under way in the spring.

5.Another recent study on the power of social influence indicates that sales could，indeed，be boosted in this way.Matthew Salganik of Columbia University in New York and his colleagues have described creating an artificial music market in which some 14,000 people downloaded previously unknown songs.The researchers found that when people could see the songs ranked by how many times they had been downloaded，they followed the crowd.When the songs were not ordered by rank，but the number of times they had been downloaded was displayed，the effect of social influence was still there but was less pronounced.People thus follow the herd when it is easy for them to do so.

6.In Japan a chain of convenience shops called RanKing RanQueen has been ordering its products according to sales data from department stores and research companies.The shops sell only the most popular items in each product category，and the rankings are updated weekly.Icosystem，a company in Cambridge，Massachusetts，also aims to exploit knowledge of social networking to improve sales.

7.And the psychology that works in physical stores is just as potent on the internet.Online retailers such as Amazon are adept at telling shoppers which products are popular with like-minded consumers.Even in the privacy of your home，you can still be part of the swarm.

Questions 1-6

Complete the sentences below with words taken from the reading passage. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

1.Shopowners realize that the smell of _______________ can increase sales of food products.

2.In shops, products shelved at a more visible level sell better even if they are more _______________.

3.According to Mr. Usmani, with the use of “swarm intelligence” phenomenon, a new method can be applied to encourage _______________.

4.On the way to everyday items at the back of the store, shoppers might be tempted to buy _______________.

5.If the number of buyers shown on the _______________ is high, other customers tend to follow them.

6.Using the “swarm-moves” model, shopowners do not have to give customers _______________ to increase sales.

Questions 7-12

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? For questions 7-12 write

YES if the statement agrees with the information中华考试网(www.Examw。com)

NO if the statement contraicts the information

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the passage

7.Radio frequency identification technology has been installed experimentally in big supermarkets like Wal-Mart.

8.People tend to download more unknown songs than songs they are familiar with.

9.Songs ranked high by the number of times being downloaded are favored by customers.

10.People follow the others to the same extent whether it is convenient or not.

11.Items sold in some Japanese stores are simply chosen according to the sales data of other shops.

12.Swarm intelligence can also be observed in everyday life.

Answer keys:

1.答案：(freshly baked) bread. (第1段第2行：Shoppers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they intended.)

2.答案：expensive. (第1段第4行： Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors.)

3.答案：impulse buying. (第2段第1句：At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome, Zeeshan-ul-hassan Usmani, a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology, described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon.)

4.答案：other (tempting) goods/things/products. (第2段第2句：Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted: for instance, by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store, forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them.)

5.答案：screen. (第3段第4行：As a customer walks past a shelf of goods, a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product. If the number is high, he is more likely to select it too.)

6.答案：discounts. (第4段第第1句：Mr Usmani’s “swarm-moves” model appeals to supermarkets because it increases sales without the need to give people discounts.)

7.答案：NO.(第4段第3、4句：The model has not yet been tested widely in the real world, mainly because radio frequency identification technology is new and has only been installed experimentally in some supermarkets. But Mr Usmani says that both Wal-Mart in America an Tesco in Britain are interestd in his workd, and testing will get under way in the spring. 短语 “get under way”的意思是“开始进行”，在Wal-Mart的试验要等到春天才开始)

8.答案：NOT GIVEN. (在文中没有提及该信息)

9.答案：YES。(第5段第3句：The reseachers found that when people could see the songs ranked by how many times they have been downloaded, they followed the crowd.)

10.答案：NO。(第5段最后两句：When the songs are not ordered by rank, but the number of times they had been downloaded was displayed, the effect of social influence was still there but was less pronounced. People thus follow the herd when it is easy for them to do so. pronounced的词义是“显著的、明显的”)

11.答案：YES。(第6段第1句：In Japan a chain of convenience shops called RanKing RanQueen has been ordering its products according to sales data from department stores and research companies.)

12.答案：YES。(最后一段最后一句：Even in the privacy of your home, you can still be part of the swarm. home应该算是everyday life的一部分)

篇4：如何提高雅思阅读速度

如何提高雅思阅读速度

1．多背单词。词汇量的大小是进行阅读的基石，很难想象没有词汇量如何能完成阅读任务，更不要谈速度了。如果我们积累了足够多的词汇量，看一篇文章的时候碰不到几个生词，可想而知，速度的提高是难以避免的，因为你在单位单词上停留的时间越少，对整个句子，乃至文段，就更能把握好。

2．注意力高度集中。看一篇文章的时候，要撇开其他的私心杂念，做到心无旁骛，也就是说要把自己思想融入自己在看的文章之中。提高自己的注意力不是说出来的，而是练出来的，一定要在平时自己做阅读练习的时候严格要求自己。看一篇文章的时候要做到一口气看完，不要断断续续，更不要养成边看边默念的习惯。

3．用英语的方式思维。看英语文章的时候，有些同学要把看到的东西先暗暗转译成中文才能理解，这说明他们的阅读能力还没有产生质的飞跃。避免这种思维方式的途径只有一个，那就是提高自己的英语综和能力。

4．试着连句或是一目几行。看一篇文章的时候，注意不要逐字逐字地看，或是一句句的看，要把两个或三个句子连起来，一气呵成，把它们看完，形成这种能力的关键，就是要加宽自己阅读时的视幅，这个能力的形成要下很大的苦功，送大家一句话吧：勤与不畏难是关键。

5．进行大量的阅读。这是最后一点也是最重要的一点。我的`阅读速度的提高在根本上是个潜移默化的过程，也就是通过大量的阅读英语文章、书籍，使自己的阅读速度乃至阅读能力有了一个质的提高。可以说我的阅读速度的提高过程是不知不觉的。举个例子，我一度连续半年保持每天8-10篇英文散文或文论的阅读量，这样坚持下来，阅读的速度就上来了。

总之，提高阅读速度，没有捷径，要看大家的毅力有多强，勤奋度有多大。半年之内通过自己持之以恒的努力是可以使自己的阅读速度有个质的提高的。通过自己的努力获得的飞快的阅读速度，会使自己在英语阅读时得到巨大的享受，希望大家也能达到这一步，共同享受阅读的快乐。

篇5：如何提高雅思阅读速度

大家知道雅思考试的阅读速度和单词词汇量是分不开的，但是在记单词时还需要掌握它的学术含义，帮助我们考试时提升阅读速度。

如何提高雅思阅读速度从单词入手

考生们在做阅读时经常会有某句话翻译不通从而造成理解障碍的问题。实际上阅读中的很多词汇用法并非是我们最熟悉或者想当然的那个含义。比如“mine”这个单词，在学术文章中经常表示“矿物”而并非‘我的’。

因此为了提高大家的阅读理解质量，考生们要学会掌握某些常见单词的其他“学术”含义。

1. in turn

大多数同学会理解为 “反过来”，认为前后语义是对立的，但实际上阅读中也可能表示顺接关系，翻译为“接着会…(发生)…”

The conventional theory is that people yawn when bored or sleepy because yawning raises blood oxygen levels, which in turn raises alertness.

2. account for

大家背四级单词时更多的理解为 “(比例上)占…”的含义，实际上account for还有“解释，说明……”这个意思。

Heavy rain accounts for most of the water that enters into lakes.

Scientists will not be able to account for climate changeover the past century until they learn more about the urban heat island.

3. precipitation

这是个话题词汇，大多数文章中翻译为 “沉淀”，不过也有“降水”的意思。

Ordinary meteoric water is water that has soaked into the ground from the surface, from precipitation (rain and snow) and from lakes and streams.

4. game

不是游戏哦，在学术文章中经常用来表达“野生猎物”这个意思。下次课别再困惑了。

They had experienced great difficulty finding game west of the Rockies and not until the second of December did they kill their first elk.

5. solution

除了“解决方案”，还要知道另一个常见含义“溶液”。这个词在小作文流程图写作中也是一个得分高级词汇。

Mineral deficiencies in many plants can be cured by misting their roots with a nutrient solution or by transferring the plants to a soilless nutrientsolution.

6. current

又一个学科背景词汇。常见的是形容词表“当下的”，实际还有“洋流、电流、气流”等含义。

The same thing happens to this day, though on a smaller scale, wherever a sediment-laden river or stream emerges from a mountain valley onto relatively flat land, dropping its load as the current slows: the water usually spreads out fanwise, depositing the sediment in the form of a smooth, fan-shaped slope.

7. browse

家熟知的是“浏览”的含义，而实际上托福阅读中更常表达得是“觅食”这个意思。

Where the forest inhibits the growth of grass and other meadow plants, the black-tailed deer browses on huckleberry, salal, dogwood, and almost any other shrub or herb. But this is fair-weather feeding.

8. impact

除了“影响”，还衍生出“冲击、撞击”的意思。这里提醒大家impact指代的影响也常常是负面含义的影响，大家在写作中要注意。

In view of these facts, scientists hypothesized that a single large asteroid, about 10 to 15 kilometers across, collided with Earth, and the resulting fallout created the boundary clay. Their calculations show that the impact kicked up a dust cloud that cut off sunlight for several months, inhibiting photosynthesis in plants; decreased surface temperatures on continents to below freezing…

9. complex

作为名词的时候可以表达“建筑群”的含义。

It had over 2,000 apartment complexes, a great market, a large number of industrial workshops, an administrative center, a number of massive religious edifices…

10. readily

别因为长得像“ready”就是准备好的意思，这个词其实是“容易地”意思。

The release of heat energy is retarded by the tall vertical city walls that do not allow infrared radiation to escape as readily asdoes the relatively level surface of the surrounding countryside.

11. evident

又一个大家习惯想当然的词。都说成“证据”就不对了，还要知道“明显的”。

Wind velocity also increases with altitude and may cause serious stress for trees, as is made evident by the deformed shapes at high altitudes.

12. collectively

不能望文生义为“收集地”，还有“共同地”这个释义较为常见。

Eventually, six round forms of handwriting, composed of three pairs of big and little scripts known collectively as the Six Pens, became the standard repertory of every calligrapher.

13. evenly

别以为“even”加个“-ly”就是甚至的副词形式，别忘了 “even”本来就是个副词。这个词是“均匀地”。

Petroleum forms best when organic matter is evenly distributed over …

其他常被误解的单词

sweet water 淡水 (不是“糖水”)

confidence man 骗子(不是“信得过的人”)

criminal lawyer 刑事律师(不是“犯罪的律师”)

service station 加油站

rest room 厕所(不是“休息室”)

sporting house 妓院或赌场(不是“体育室”)

horse sense 常识(不是“马的感觉”)

capital idea 好主意(不是“资本主义思想”)

familiar talk 庸俗的交谈(不是“熟悉的谈话”)

black tea 红茶(不是“黑茶”)

black art 妖术(不是“黑色艺术”)

mine 矿，矿产(不仅仅有“我的”的意思)

雅思考试阅读模拟试题及答案解析

Sleep medication linked to bizarre behaviour

New evidence has linked a commonly prescribed sleep medication with bizarre behaviours, including a case in which a woman painted her front door in her sleep.

UK and Australian health agencies have released information about 240 cases of odd occurrences, including sleepwalking, amnesia and hallucinations among people taking the drug zolpidem.

While doctors say that zolpidem can offer much-needed relief for people with sleep disorders, they caution that these newly reported cases should prompt a closer look at its possible side effects.

Zolpidem, sold under the brand names Ambien, Stilnoct and Stilnox, is widely prescribed to treat insomnia and other disorders such as sleep apnea. Various forms of the drug, made by French pharmaceutical giant Sanofi-Aventis, were prescribed 674,500 times in in the UK.

A newly published report from Australia’s Federal Health Department describes 104 cases of hallucinations and 62 cases of amnesia experienced by people taking zolpidem since marketing of the drug began there in . The health department report also mentioned 16 cases of strangesleepwalking by people taking the medication.

Midnight snack

In one of these sleepwalking cases a patient woke with a paintbrush in her hand after painting the front door to her house. Another case involved a woman who gained 23 kilograms over seven months while taking zolpidem. “It was only when she was discovered in front of an open refrigerator while asleep that the problem was resolved,” according to the report.

The UK’s Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency, meanwhile, has recorded 68 cases of adverse reactions to zolpidem from to 2005.

The newly reported cases in the UK and Australia add to a growing list of bizarre sleepwalking episodes linked to the drug in other countries, including reports of people sleep-driving while on the medication. In one case, a transatlantic flight had to be diverted after a passenger caused havoc after taking zolpidem.

Hypnotic effects

There is no biological pathway that has been proven to connect zolpidem with these behaviours. The drug is a benzodiazepine-like hypnotic that promotes deep sleep by interacting with brain receptors for a chemical called gamma-aminobutyric acid. While parts of the brain become less active during deep sleep, the body can still move, making sleepwalking a possibility.

The product information for prescribers advises that psychiatric adverse effects, including hallucinations, sleepwalking and nightmares, are more likely in the elderly, and treatment should be stopped if they occur.

Patient advocacy groups say they would like government health agencies and drug companies to take a closer look at the possible risks associated with sleep medicines. They stress that strange sleepwalking and sleep-driving behaviours can have risky consequences.

“When people do something in which they’re not in full control it’s always a danger,” says Vera Sharav of the New York-based Alliance for Human Research Protection, a US network that advocates responsible and ethical medical research practices.

Tried and tested

“The more reports that come out about the potential side effects of the drug, the more research needs to be done to understand if these are real side effects,” says sleep researcher Kenneth Wright at the University of Colorado in Boulder, US.

Millions of people have taken the drug without experiencing any strange side effects, points out Richard Millman at Brown Medical School, director of the Sleep Disorders Center of Lifespan Hospitals in Providence, Rhode Island, US. He says that unlike older types of sleep medications, zolpidem does not carry as great a risk of addiction.

And Wright notes that some of the reports of “sleep-driving” linked to zolpidem can be easily explained: some patients have wrongly taken the drug right before leaving work in hopes that the medicine will kick in by the time they reach home. Doctors stress that the medication should be taken just before going to bed.

The US Food & Drug Administration says it is continuing to “actively investigate” and collect information about cases linking zolpidem to unusual side effects.

The Ambien label currently lists strange behaviour as a “special concern” for people taking the drug. “It’s a possible rare adverse event,” says Sanofi-Aventis spokesperson Melissa Feltmann, adding that the strange sleepwalking behaviours “may not necessarily be caused by the drug” but instead result from an underlying disorder. She says that “the safety profile [of zolpidem] is well established”. The drug received approval in the US in 1993.

Questions 1-6 Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage?

In boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet write

TRUE if the statement is true according to the passage

FALSE if the statement is false according to the passage

NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage

1. Ambien, Stilnoct and Stilnox are brand names of one same drug treating insomnia.

2. The woman’s obesity problem wasn’t resolved until she stopped taking zolpidem.

3. Zolpidem received approval in the UK in 2001.

4. The bizarre behaviour of a passenger after taking zolpidem resulted in the diversion of a flight bound for the other side of the Atlantic.

5. Zolpidem is the only sleep medication that doesn’t cause addiction.

6. The sleep-driving occurrence resulted from the wrong use of zolpidem by an office worker.

Question 7-9 Choose the appropriate letters A-D and Write them in boxes 7-9 on your answer sheet.

7. How many cases of bizarre behaviours are described in an official report from Australia?

A. 68

B. 104

C. 182

D. 240

8. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the product information about zolpidem?

A. Treatment should be stopped if side effects occur.

B. Medication should be taken just before going to bed.

C. Adverse effects are more likely in the elderly.

D. Side effects include nightmares, hallucinations and sleepwalking.

9. Who claimed that the safety description of zolpidem was well established?

A. Kenneth Wright

B. Melissa Feltmann

C. Richard Millman

D. Vera Sharav

Questions 10-13 Answer the following questions with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS each in boxes 10-13.

10. How many times was French-made zolpidem prescribed in 2005 in Britain?

11. What kind of hypnotic is zolpidem as a drug which promotes deep sleep in patients?

12. What can sleepwalking and sleep-driving behaviours cause according to patient advocacy groups?

13. What US administration says that it has been investigating the cases relating zolpidem to unusual side effects?

雅思考试阅读模拟试题及答案解析

Answer keys and explanations:

1. True

See para.3 from the beginning: Zolpidem, sold under the brand names Ambien, Stilnoct and Stilnox, is widely prescribed to treat insomnia and other disorders such as sleep apnea.

2. False

See para.1 under the subtitle “Midnight snack”: Another case involved a woman who gained 23 kilograms over seven months while taking zolpidem. “It was only when she was discovered in front of an open refrigerator while asleep that the problem was resolved”…

3. Not Given

See para.2 under the subtitle “Midnight snack”: The UK’s Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency, meanwhile, has recorded 68 cases of adverse reactions to zolpidem from 2001 to 2005. (The time the drug was approved in the UK was not mentioned.)

4. True

See para.3 under the subtitle “Midnight snack”: In one case, a transatlantic flight had to be diverted after a passenger caused havoc after taking zolpidem.

5. False

See para.2 under the subtitle “Tried and tested”: He says that unlike older types of sleep medications, zolpidem does not carry as great a risk of addiction.

6. Not Given

See para.3 under the subtitle “Tried and tested”: And Wright notes that some of the reports of “sleep-driving” linked to zolpidem can be easily explained: some patients have wrongly taken the drug right before leaving work in hopes that the medicine will kick in by the time they reach home. (No patients as office workers are mentioned in the passage.)

7. C

See para.4 from the beginning: A newly published report from Australia’s Federal Health Department describes 104 cases of hallucinations and 62 cases of amnesia experienced by people taking zolpidem since marketing of the drug began there in 2000. The health department report also mentioned 16 cases of strange sleepwalking by people taking the medication.

8. B

See the sentence in para.2 under the subtitle “Hypnotic effects” (The product information for prescribers advises that psychiatric adverse effects, including hallucinations, sleepwalking and nightmares, are more likely in the elderly, and treatment should be stopped if they occur.) and the sentence in para.3 under the subtitle “Tried and tested” (Doctors “not the product information” stress that the medication should be taken just before going to bed.)

9. B

See para.5 under the subtitle “Tried and tested”: Sanofi-Aventis spokesperson Melissa Feltmann … says that “the safety profile [of zolpidem] is well established”.

10. 674,500 (times)

See para.3 from the beginning: Various forms of the drug, made by French pharmaceutical giant Sanofi-Aventis, were prescribed 674,500 times in 2005 in the UK.

11. (a) benzodiazepine-like (hypnotic)

See para.1 under the subtitle “Hypnotic effects”: The drug is a benzodiazepine-like hypnotic (类苯二氮催眠药)that promotes deep sleep by interacting with brain receptors for a chemical called gamma-aminobutyric acid.

12. risky consequences

See para.3 under the subtitle “Hypnotic effects”: Patient advocacy groups … stress that strange sleepwalking and sleep-driving behaviours can have risky consequences.

13. Food & Drug (Administration)

See para.4 under the subtitle “Tried and tested”: The US Food & Drug Administration says it is continuing to “actively investigate” and collect information about cases linking zolpidem to unusual side effects.

篇6：如何提高雅思的阅读速度

怎样的雅思阅读速度才算是合格了?

1 避免默读或唇读

2 不要逐句翻译成中文

3 排除干扰项

都说雅思托福考试时一场体力与精力的考验。60分钟的高强度阅读考试需要你的注意力高度集中。

4 熟悉文章结构套路

5 词汇语法能力作基石

提高雅思阅读速度有哪些方法?

方法一、一揽众山法

适用人群：英语词汇量大，平时经常阅读英语文章或浏览英语网站，语法基础扎实，短期记忆力强，对自己的英语能力非常有信心的考生。

优点：节省时间，做题速度快

缺陷：挑战考生英语能力和记忆力，并不适用于大部分考生，主要针对一些立志阅读考8分以上的考生。

篇7：如何提高雅思阅读速度

如何提高雅思阅读速度

1. in turn

大多数同学会理解为 “反过来”，认为前后语义是对立的，但实际上阅读中也可能表示顺接关系，翻译为“接着会…(发生)…”

The conventional theory is that people yawn when bored or sleepy because yawning raises blood oxygen levels, which in turn raises alertness.

2. account for

大家背四级单词时更多的理解为 “(比例上)占…”的含义，实际上account for还有“解释，说明……”这个意思。

Heavy rain accounts for most of the water that enters into lakes.

Scientists will not be able to account for climate changeover the past century until they learn more about the urban heat island.

3. precipitation

这是个话题词汇，大多数文章中翻译为 “沉淀”，不过也有“降水”的意思。

Ordinary meteoric water is water that has soaked into the ground from the surface, from precipitation (rain and snow) and from lakes and streams.

4. game

不是游戏哦，在学术文章中经常用来表达“野生猎物”这个意思。下次课别再困惑了。

They had experienced great difficulty finding game west of the Rockies and not until the second of December did they kill their first elk.

5. solution

除了“解决方案”，还要知道另一个常见含义“溶液”。这个词在小作文流程图写作中也是一个得分高级词汇。

Mineral deficiencies in many plants can be cured by misting their roots with a nutrient solution or by transferring the plants to a soilless nutrientsolution.

6. current

又一个学科背景词汇。常见的是形容词表“当下的”，实际还有“洋流、电流、气流”等含义。

7. browse

家熟知的是“浏览”的含义，而实际上托福阅读中更常表达得是“觅食”这个意思。

8. impact

除了“影响”，还衍生出“冲击、撞击”的意思。这里提醒大家impact指代的影响也常常是负面含义的影响，大家在写作中要注意。

9. complex

作为名词的时候可以表达“建筑群”的含义。

It had over 2,000 apartment complexes, a great market, a large number of industrial workshops, an administrative center, a number of massive religious edifices…

10. readily

别因为长得像“ready”就是准备好的意思，这个词其实是“容易地”意思。

The release of heat energy is retarded by the tall vertical city walls that do not allow infrared radiation to escape as readily asdoes the relatively level surface of the surrounding countryside.

11. evident

又一个大家习惯想当然的词。都说成“证据”就不对了，还要知道“明显的”。

Wind velocity also increases with altitude and may cause serious stress for trees, as is made evident by the deformed shapes at high altitudes.

12. collectively

不能望文生义为“收集地”，还有“共同地”这个释义较为常见。

Eventually, six round forms of handwriting, composed of three pairs of big and little scripts known collectively as the Six Pens, became the standard repertory of every calligrapher.

13. evenly

别以为“even”加个“-ly”就是甚至的副词形式，别忘了 “even”本来就是个副词。这个词是“均匀地”。

Petroleum forms best when organic matter is evenly distributed over …

其他常被误解的单词

sweet water 淡水 (不是“糖水”)

confidence man 骗子(不是“信得过的人”)

criminal lawyer 刑事律师(不是“犯罪的律师”)

service station 加油站

rest room 厕所(不是“休息室”)

sporting house 妓院或赌场(不是“体育室”)

horse sense 常识(不是“马的感觉”)

capital idea 好主意(不是“资本主义思想”)

familiar talk 庸俗的交谈(不是“熟悉的谈话”)

black tea 红茶(不是“黑茶”)

black art 妖术(不是“黑色艺术”)

mine 矿，矿产(不仅仅有“我的”的意思)

雅思阅读错题原因解读

经常有学生来询问：“老师，剑桥系列书里的题做完了还有什么可以做的?”我都会反问一个问题：“你是只做完了，还是把题目都分析完了?”得到的回答通常是前者。中国学生都很勤奋，喜欢搞题海战术，从大量的题目中提高自己做题的信心，但却不擅长分析总结。

很多学生做完题对完答案就算把这篇文章结束了，很多时候并不十分清楚自己错在什么地方。我经常跟学生说，在复习的时候错的那些题永远要比对的那些题来得有价值。就如有名的短板理论，那些曾做错的题目就是我们的短板，如果没有及时分析原因，到真正考试的时候可能还会在同样的地方犯错。因此，我们把剑桥系列里的文章完成之后一定要对自己做错的题目(包括侥幸蒙对的题目)进行分析，总结原因，这样有利于针对性的克服。

根据同学们的反馈，我把大家平时做错雅思阅读题的原因进行分类汇总，并给出一些解决的方法。

一、定位错误

大部分的阅读题目都是细节题，主要考察我们一种细节查找的能力，说白了就是“找”，很多同学题目做不出来的主要原因都是找不到。而找不到一般有两个原因：

(1)关键词没选对

关键词主要是用于定位，其选取十分重要，如没选好我们就很难找到该题。比如有道判断题“In 1985, AI was at its lowest point.” (剑5Test3Passage3Q33)不少同学打算拿AI或lowest去定位，但这篇文章的标题就叫“The Return of Artificial Intelligence”， AI是文章的主题词，到处都是，没办法定位到一个点上;此外，判断题有可能是错的，对于这道题最可能错的地方就是lowest，一旦此题是错的，用lowest是没法定位的。因此，我们尽量要选取特殊且不可替代的信息作为关键词来定位。

(2)关键词的同义替换不认识或没注意

有些题目的关键词在原文中会进行同义替换。有时我们能够找对关键词，但其替换词可能不认识或没注意到。比如某道题中的关键词“protect”在原文中出现的替换词是“conservation”，如果不认识这个替换词，很可能就找不到该题。或者有时候是由于注意力不集中而没有注意到关键词的替换。比如剑4中有道题出现了“1900”这个年份，在原文中的同义替换是“twentieth century”。不少同学看到“twentieth century”一下子的反应是从开始，没有意识到是19，这样此题也有可能错过。因此，平时单词的积累以及考试集中注意力非常重要。

二、定位对题错

如果定位正确而题目仍然做错一般有以下原因：

(1)单词

单词是困扰很多学生的一个问题，相当数量的同学题目做不出来都是由于词汇量不足。有次有个学生来询问一个单词的意思，我一看非常崩溃，是“population”。因此，考雅思之前的词汇积累非常必要，至少大学四级核心词汇得具备。

雅思阅读常见常规问题解答

1、“全文尽带生僻词”

笔者发现，很多上雅思阅读课的学生经常忽视词汇量的积累，另外有一部分学生在词汇上下了一定的功夫，但是碰到的问题是，一旦所学的一个特定的词放到一个特定的语言环境、词组里去的时候，学生往往会觉得自己所记的中文意思放到句子里却理解不通，因此，在定位到答案所在文章段落某一句的时候，还是不能解答题目，这个是相当可惜的。

笔者认为，总结雅思阅读里出现的词汇，词组，以及每天花一定时间记忆雅思阅读高频词汇是相当重要的，但是，这个过程要注意方法：记忆词汇最好结合一定的语言环境去记，通过一定的语言环境，去理解单词的内涵，甚至是其表达方式的文化背景。

在这里，笔者先举个简单的例子，大家都知道work是工作，劳动的意思，而在“The new method worked”这个句子里，work的意思却是奏效的意思。太简单了?那好，我们再来看个例子，deny这个词，很多人都知道是否认，拒绝的意思，大家甚至于列出一大堆同义词来，比如，refuse, decline, reject 等，这是个好现象，但是很多学生当碰到 “In the old times, a lot of girls were denied the right of education.”这样的句子的时候就开始犯难了。否认，拒绝套进去似乎都解释不通。其实，这个句子里的deny没像大家想象的那么神秘，各位可以用 be deprived of 这个词组来理解它。

在拿到一个单词的时候，在了解了其中文意思，参照了例句之后，大家不妨想一下，如果是我来用这个词造个句子，我会怎么用它。用了主动语态之后，我该怎么把这个词放到被动语态中去，加上时间状语、地点状语、条件状语等等之后又是怎么样的，如果我是外国人，我会怎么运用它。每个人遣词造句的思路其实是大同小异的(当然也不乏思维特异的人，不过雅思考试毕竟针对的是广大的人民群众，而不是针对爱因斯坦这样级别的学生的)，因此雅思阅读文章的作者也是如此，如果，你在记忆雅思词汇的时候，能够灵活运用，注意词汇的外延，那势必会对你理解不同的句型，文章带来好处。

2、紧张、恐惧

水有源，树有根，任何面对雅思阅读的紧张、恐惧心理也是有原因的。笔者认为考生的这种紧张、恐惧心理最主要有以下几点：(1)、平日做逍遥游，不把时间精力放在备考上，因此在上考场的时候，心情无比紧张，拿到“阅读天书”后，不知如何是好，接着从无比紧张，恐惧发展到“全身心放松”，俗称---放弃;(2)平日还算用功，但是由于时间紧促，备考内容有限，因此学生在上考场的时候，心里惦记着平时是不是什么地方没下好工夫，很多东西貌似都看到过，但是没把握，因而紧张;(3)平日相当用功，这类考生紧张主要属于“这一天终于到了，我一定要考出好成绩，不过，万一。。。。。。，那我的努力岂不白费” 型。

篇8：如何提高雅思的阅读速度

方法二、各个击破法

适用人群：英语基础不是非常好，词汇量缺乏，文章对其来说基本看不太懂的考生。

优点：能尽量保证填空题的正确率，在能得分的题目中保证得分。对于基础不是很好的考生来说是一个既能保证正确率又能相对节约时间的方法

缺陷：时间花费比较多，而且会多次重复阅读文章。

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