英语时态之现在完成时

时间:2024年02月14日

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下面是小编给大家带来英语时态之现在完成时,本文共5篇,一起来阅读吧,希望对您有所帮助。本文原稿由网友“张家界旅行社”提供。

篇1:英语时态之现在完成时

结构

1) 肯定形式:S. have/has +动词的过去分词done +O.

2) 否定形式:S. have/has+ not+ 动词的过去分词done +O.

3) 疑问形式:Have/has+ S. + 动词的过去分词 done +O.

主要用法

1、过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或导致的结果。这种状态下,already、just、never、ever、yet等副词常和谓语动词一起使用。如:

They have already come back from the museum.

She has already finished her homework.

2、过去发生的动作持续到现在,并可能持续下去。这种状态下,for和since作为标志性词语常和谓语动词一起使用,而且此时的谓语动词往往是持续性动词(如stay、keep、wait等)。如:

I have lived here for ten years.

He has kept the clavichord since thirty years ago.

3、从过去某一时间到说话时这段时间内反复发生的动作。这种状态下,表频度的副词(often、always、seldom、never等)和表次数的单词或短语(如once、twice、three times)常和谓语动词一起使用。如:

You have never listened to me like this before.

She has ever been to France.

They have visited the Summer Palace many times.

标志性词语

1、副词already、just、never、ever、yet等。如:

She hasn't arrived in Scotland yet.

They have just left for Shanghai.

2、for和since。for+一段时间,since+具体时间。如:

He has learned Italian for five months.

He has learned Italian since five months ago.

3、so far和up to/till now。表示“迄今为止”。如:

So far, no one has heard any news about her.

She has read fifty books up to now.

4、recently、lately等表示“最近;最新”的副词和形容词。如:

I've met her on several occasions recently.

He hasn't had enough sleep lately.

5、in the past/last+一段时间,表示“在过去的...时间里”。如:

In the past few years, new buildings have sprung up all over Beijing.

He had aged rapidly in the last few months.

6、次数。如:

I've tried many times, but there's no way.

He has been there at least twice.

句型转换

“have/has done”中的have/has是助动词,在进行句型转换中要注意不需要再另外借助助动词do/did/does,而是直接借用have/has。如:

肯定句:He has lived here for the last few years.

否定句:He hasn't lived here for the last few years.

一般疑问句:Has he lived here for the last few years?

划线提问:How long has he lived here? (划线部分为for the last few years)

篇2:英语时态学习:现在完成时时态讲解

现在完成时:

构成:have (has) +过去分词

含义:

1)在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态,其结果的影响现在还存在;

2)也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。

句型:

1)It is the first / second time.... that…结构中的从句部分,用现在完成时。例如:

It is the first time that I have visited the city. 这是我第一次访问这城市。

This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing. 这是我第一次听他唱歌。

注意:It was the third time that the boy had been late.

2)This is +形容词最高级+that…结构,that 从句要用现在完成时。例如:

This is the best film that I've (ever) seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。

公众号:英语语法学习

篇3:英语时态之将来进行时

语法构成

将来进行时是由“shall/will + be+ 现在分词”构成的。

例如:Don't phone mebetween 8:00 and 10:00. We'll be having classes then.(8点到10点之间不要给我打电话,我们那时正在上课。)

主要用法

1、表示在将来某一时间正在进行的动作。如:

He will be reading in the library from 3 to 5 this afternoon. (他今天下午会在图书馆看书。)

2、表示按预定计划将来会发生的事情。如:

The band will be playing at twenty different venues on their UK tour. (这个乐队在英国巡回演出期间将在二十个不同的地点演出。)

3、表示对将来的预测。如:

Take this medicine and you will be feeling better soon. (吃了这些药,你就会感觉好多的。)

4、表示委婉请求。如:

When shall we be meeting again?我们什么时候再见面?

特殊用法

1. 将来进行时表事情的发展:

例如:I'll be seeing Mr.Smith tomorrow.(我明天将见到史密斯先生。)

注意:有时这种时态含有一种附带的意思,语气较为委婉。例如:I'll be finishing it.(我一会儿就完了。)附带的含义可能是“过一会儿你就会拿到它了。”

2. 将来进行时表原因、结果、可能:

表原因――Please cometomorrow afternoon. Tomorrow morning I'll be having meeting.(请你明天下午来吧。明天上午我有一个会。)

表结果――If I fail toappear by 7 o'clock, I will not be coming at all.(如果我七点钟不到,我就不会来了。)

表可能――He will betelling you about it tonight.(他今晚会告诉你这件事。)

3. 将来进行时表委婉:

例如:Will you beneeding anything else?(你还需要什么吗?)

4. 将来进行时与将来一般时连用:将来进行时常可置于将来一般时之后表稍靠后的安排。

例如:My duties will endin July and I will be returning to Arizona in the US.(我的工作七月结束,之后我将回到美国亚利桑那州。)

注意点

1)这种将来进行时也可和其他表将来的时态连用。

例如:I'm going to do myhomework first, and then I'll be watching TV.(我将先做作业,然后再看电视。)

2)在下面的句子中,will是情态动词,意谓“大概”或“一定”,不表将要而表现在,常与now连用。

例如:They’ll be watching television now.(他们现在大概在看电视呢。)

一般将来时与将来进行时的区别

两者的主要区别在于:一般将来时表示将来会发生的事情,但不表示将来正在进行的动作。如:

I will attend your birthday party tomorrow. (我明天会参加你的生日派对。)

She will be working in the garden at this time tomorrow. (明天这个时间,她会在花园里干活。)

篇4:英语语法之16种英语时态

1. 一般现在时 (do/does; is/am/are)

①表示现在的情况、状态和特征。

例:He is a student.

他是一个学生。

② 表示经常性、习惯性动作。

例:He always helps others.

他总是帮助别人。

③ 客观事实和普遍真理。

例:The earth moves the sun.

地球绕着太阳转。

④ 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。(常用于列车、客车、飞机或轮船时刻表)

例:The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon. 下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。⑤ 主将从现:在时间、条件和让步状语从句中经常用一般现在表示将的来事情。

例:If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.

如果明天下雨,我们会待在家里。

④现在进行时与频度副词连用,表示说话者或褒义或贬义的感情色彩。

例: He is always helping others.

他总是帮助别人。(褒义)

④过去进行时和频度副词连用可以表示说话者或褒义或贬义的感情色彩。

例:When he lived in country,he was always helping the poor.

住在乡下时,他总是帮助穷人。

4. 一般将来时

①基本结构是will do。

例:We will send her a glass hand-made craft as her birthday gift.

我们将送给她一个玻璃的手工制品,作为给她的生日礼物。

②表示“打算…,要…”时,可用 am/is/are going to do。

例:This is just what I am going to say.

这正是我想说的。

③ 表示“即将、正要”时,可用am/is/are about to do。强调近期内或马上要做的事。

例:Don't worry, I am about to make a close examination on you.

别担心,我马上就给你做一次仔细的检查。

④“be to do”的2种用法:

a) 表示“按计划、安排即将发生某事或打算做某事”。

例:She is to be seen in the lab on Monday.

星期一你准会在实验室见到她。

b) 该做或不该做的事情(语气上接近于should, must, ought to, have to),表示一种命令、规劝性语气。

例:You are to go to bed and keep quiet, kids. Our guests are arriving in less than 5 minutes.

孩子们,你们必须 上床睡觉,不准吵闹。我们的客人5分钟之内就要到了。

5. 将来进行时(will be doing)

强调在将来的某个具体时间正在发生的动作或存在的状态。

例:Don't worry, you won't miss her. She will be wearing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time.

别担心,你不会认不出她的。她到时会穿一件红色的T恤衫和一条白色的短裙。

8. 一般过去时 (did; was/were)

①表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。

例:I bought some fruits yesterday.

我昨天买了一些水果。

②表示过去习惯性动作。

would/ used to do:过去常常......

例:The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and look at others for hours without doing anything or talking to anybody.

老人过去常常坐在宁静的公园里的一条长椅上,看着其他的人,一坐就是数个小时,什么也不干,也不和任何人交谈。

He used to visit his mother once a week.

他以前总是每周看望一次他的母亲。

9. 现在完成时(have/has done)

①表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成,强调对现在产生的影响。

例:I bought a new house, but I haven't sold my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses.

我买了一所新房子,但是还没有卖掉旧的,所以现在我又两所房子。②表示从过去某时刻开始,持续到现在的动作或情况,并且有可能会继续延续下去。此时经常用延续性动词。

时间状语常用since加一个过去的时间点,或for加一段时间,或by加一个现在时间。

例:Great as Newton was, many of his ideas have been challenged today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time. 虽然牛顿是个伟大的人物,但他的许多见解直到今天还在受到挑战,并且被现代科学家的工作所修正。

10. 现在完成进行时(have/has been doing)

表示某一动作开始于过去某一时间,延续或重复地出现至今,或将继续延续至将来。

例:We have been working on this project for over a month now.

到目前为止,我们一直在处理那个项目,已经花了一个多月时间了。

11. 过去完成时(had done)

①表示在过去的某个时间或动作以前已经完成的动作或已经存在的状态。就是我们常说的“过去的过去”。

Until then, his family hadn't heard from him for six months. 到那时为止,他家里已经有六个月没得到他的消息了。

②表示从过去的过去开始,持续到过去的动作或情况,并且有可能会继续延续下去。此时经常用延续性动词。

By the time I left the school, he had taught the class for 3 years.

到我毕业时,他已经教那个班三年了.

12.过去完成进行时:had been doing

表示从过去的过去开始,持续到过去的动作或情况,期间一直有规律的在进行、不曾间断,并且有可能会继续延续下去。此时经常用延续性动词。

例:The old clock had been being taken apart of and fixed up again for several times by my 10-year old son before I came back home.

我回到家之前,我10岁大的儿子已经把这个旧钟表拆卸并重新组装了好几回了。

表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去将来某一时间,期间一直有规律在进行、不曾间断,并且有可能继续延续下去。

例:They said that by the end of the following month, the project would have been being worked for 3 years.

他们说到第二个月底为止,这项工程就已经不停地进行了3年了。

妙趣横生的英语叠声词

英语中有很多叠声词(组),复合词或词组前后发音相近,读起来朗朗上口,富有音乐感。

Tit for tat:针锋相对

Tweedledum and tweedledee:半斤八两

hum and haw:表示犹豫或支吾的嗯嗯呃呃声

cling-clang:叮当作响,铿锵声。

rat-tat, rat-a-rat, rat-tat -tat:(敲门的)砰砰声。

Flip-flop:啪嗒啪嗒地响(动)

Zigzag:弯弯曲曲

Hotch-potch:大杂烩

Criss-cross:纵横交错

Helter-skelter:慌慌张张

Shilly-shally:犹犹豫豫

Dillydally:磨磨蹭蹭

Tittle-tattle:嚼舌头,搬弄是非

Higgledy-piggledy:乱七八糟

Walkie-talkie:步话机

Job-hop:跳槽

英语句子摘抄

Empty vessels make the most noise. 满瓶子不响,半瓶子晃荡 。

Every man hath his weak side. 人皆有弱点 。

Everything ought to be beautiful in a human being: face, dress, soul and idea.

人的一切都应当是美丽的:容貌、衣着、心灵和思想。

Extremes are dangerous. 凡事走向极端是危险的 。

Good advice is harsh to the ear. 忠言逆耳 。

Grasp all, lose all. 欲尽得,必尽失 。

Great hopes make great men. 伟大的理想造就伟大的人物。

Handsome is he who does handsomely. 行为美者才真美。

To know the pains of power, we must go to those who have it; to know its pleasure, we must go to those who are seeking it :the pains of power is real, its pleasures imaginary. (C.Colton Charles, British churchman) 欲知权力带来的痛苦,去问那些当权者;欲知权力带来的乐趣,去问那些追逐权势者:权力带来的痛苦是真实的,而权力带来的乐趣只不过是凭空想象的。(英国牧师 查尔斯.C.C.)

Tomorrow never comes. 我生待明日,万事成蹉跎

Unpleasant advice is a good medicine. 忠言逆耳利于行

Well begun is half done. 良好的开端是成功的一半

What is done by night appears by day. 若要人不知,除非己莫为

When in Rome , do as Romans do 入乡随俗

Where there is a will,there is a way. 有志者事竟成。

You have to believe in yourself.That’s the secret of success.相信自己,这是成功的秘诀

He is not laughed at that laughs at himself first.

有自知之明者被人尊敬。

He is rich enough that wants nothing.

无欲者最富有,贪欲者最贫穷。

篇5:初中英语语法知识点之时态

初中英语语法知识点之时态

初中英语时态知识点:过去进行时的用法详解

(1) 表示在过去某一时间正在进行的动作,此时句中往往有表示过去的时间状语then,at that time,this time,yesterday等。

I was doing my homework when my mother came to home.

(2)叙述在过去的同一时间都在进行的几个动作,通常用While

I was studying at college while my brother was teaching at university..

(3)表示在过去某一段时间内一直持续进行的动作

They were expecting you yesterday, but you didn't turn up.

初中英语时态知识点:一般现在表过去的用法

1.用于某些动词(tell, say, hear, learn, gather等)表示不确定的过去时间:

John tells me you will leave tomorrow. 约翰告诉我你明天离开。

I hear that he got married last month. 我听说他上个月结婚了。

I hear you want a secretary. 我听说你需要一个秘书。

He says the matter is rather urgent. 他说这事相当紧急。

Mary says you told her to come over here. 玛丽说是你让她到这儿来的。

It really gets me when he says those stupid things. 他说那些傻话真让我生气。

2.当要陈述一个客观事实时,有时即使有过去时间状语也可用一般现在时:

The story is set in the summer of 1937. 故事的背景是1937年夏天。

The story begins in the year 1937. 故事开始于1937年。

初中英语时态知识点:运用现在进行时常见的几个错误

1、把动词变成现在分词形式易出错。例:

(1)误:They are swiming (swim) .

正:They are swimming (swim).

(2)误:Jenny is plaiing (play) football.

正:Jenny is playing (play) football.

解析:A、动词变现在分词可有如下口诀:一般-ing;哑e先去e;重闭单辅先双写;-ie结尾y来替。

B、动词现在分词的变化规则要与名词变复数、动词变现单三等规则区分开来。

2、谓语部分的构成不完整:丢掉be动词,或忘记把动词变成现在分词。例:

(1)误:Look! Two children flying (fly) a kite in the park.

正:Look!Two children are flying (fly) a kite in the park.

(2)误:Li Ming isn't read ( not read) a book in bed now.

正:Li Ming isn't reading ( not read) a book in bed now.

解析:现在进行时的谓语部分的构成是“be+现在分词”,二者缺一不可,这一点必须要牢记。

3、对动词或动词词组提问时,丢掉代动词doing。例:

The students are singing in the room.(对划线部分提问)

→误:What are the students in the room?

→正:What are the students doing in the room?

解析:现在进行时态中对动作提问可记住此句式“What +be +主语+doing+其它?”或简写为“What......doing......? ”句式。

4、现在进行时态的谓语部分是并列结构时,容易忽视第二个以及第二个以后的动词用现在分词形式。例:

孩子们在跑还是在跳?

误:Are the children running or jump?

正:Are the children running or jumping?

解析: or连接的是两个并列成分,动词形式须一致。

初中英语时态知识点:现在进行时的应用

(1) 表示目前正在发生或进行的动作。如:

They are planting trees on the mountain. 他们在山上植树。

Mother is preparing supper in the kitchen. 母亲在厨房做晚饭。

(2) 有些非持续性动词的进行时可以表示动作即将进行或发生,或表示动作的重复。如:

He is joining the army. 他要参军了。

They are buying the house. 他们要买那座房子。

(3) 当现在进行时中有always, forever, constantly, continually修饰时,表示说话人的赞赏或厌烦的感情。如:

Why is the baby always crying? 为什么那个老是在哭。

They are always helping us. 他们总是帮助我们。

注意:表示状态、感觉、心理活动的静态动词,一般不使用语进行时态。

初中英语时态知识点:过去完成时由过去的过去来判定

由“过去的过去”来判定。

过去完成时表示“过去的过去”,是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作,即动作有先后关系,动作在前的`用过去完成时,在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在:

( 1 )宾语从句中

当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时,且从句的动作先于主句的动作时,从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如:

She said that she had seen the film before.

( 2 )状语从句中

在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中,主、从句的动作发生有先后关系,动作在前的,要用过去完成时,动作在后的要用一般过去时。如:

When I got to the station, the train had already left.

After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.

注意: before, after 引导的时间状语从句中,由于 before 和 after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系,若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连,则主、从句都用一般过去时。如:

Where did you study before you came here?

After he closed the door, he left the classroom.

( 3 )表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用过去完成时表示“原本…,未能…”

We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.

初中英语时态知识点:过去完成时与一般过去时的区别

虽然这两种时态都表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,但在使用时应注意以下几点:

1. 时间状语不同:过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去”;而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间。试比较:

They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday.

They arrived at the station at ten yesterday.

2. 在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时,谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断:先发生的用过去完成时,后发生的则用一般过去时。如:

She was very happy. Her whole family were pleased with her, too. She had just won the first in the composition competition.

3. 当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用 and 或 but 连接时,按时间顺序,只需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时;另外,在 before , after , as soon as 引导的从句中,由于这些连词本身已经表示出时间的先后,因此也可以用过去时来代替过去完成时。如:

He entered the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper.

I (had) called her before I left the office.

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