下面是小编整理的考研英语语法讲解 非谓语动词，本文共8篇，欢迎大家阅读分享借鉴，欢迎大家分享。本文原稿由网友“sheep-baby”提供。
篇1：考研英语语法讲解 非谓语动词
考研英语语法讲解 非谓语动词
非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)，即动词的非谓语形式。非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的任何成分。非谓语是考研英语中的常考点，娴熟地掌握它的用法对于我们来说有着重要的意义。专家们主要从以下几个方面来对它进行介绍：
一、有的'固定动词后面既可以接动词不定式或动名词，充当宾语的成分，但其表达的意思非常的不同。
mean to do想要(做某事) propose to do 打算(做某事)
mean doing意味(做某事) propose doing建议(做某事)
forget to do忘记(要做的事) remember to do记得(要做某事)
forget doing忘记(已做的事) remember doing记得(已做过的事)
go on to do继而(做另一件事) stop to do停下来去做另一件事
go on doing继续(做原来的事) stop doing停止正在做的事
比如：I remember to deal with this urgent issue tomorrow。
I remember sending you a postcard last Christmas。
二、不定式的习惯用法，即他们之间形成一个固定的搭配。
这样有两种大的情形：
1,cannot help but do cannot but do
cannot choose but do can do nothing but do
have no choice/alternative but to do
上述句型的意思接近，即“不得不做”、“不禁做”、“不由自主地做”、“不能不做”、“只能做”。其共同的特点是都有一个否定词和but。
比如：I have no choice but to abide by what you have told me。
2,be busy/active doing sth. have difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth。
It’s no good/use/picnic doing sth. have a good/great/wonderful time doing sth。
spend/waste time doing sth. There is no point/sense/harm/ use doing sth。
cannot help doing sth.
比如： I can not help crying at the sight of the touching movie,
There is no point in talking about non-sense like that,
篇2：考研英语语法讲解 非谓语动词
考研英语语法讲解 非谓语动词
非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)，即动词的非谓语形式。非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的任何成分。非谓语是考研英语中的常考点，娴熟地掌握它的用法对于我们来说有着重要的意义。专家们主要从以下几个方面来对它进行介绍：一、有的固定动词后面既可以接动词不定式或动名词，充当宾语的成分，但其表达的意思非常的不同。
mean to do想要(做某事) propose to do 打算(做某事)
mean doing意味(做某事) propose doing建议(做某事)
forget to do忘记(要做的事) remember to do记得(要做某事)
forget doing忘记(已做的事) remember doing记得(已做过的事)
go on to do继而(做另一件事) stop to do停下来去做另一件事
go on doing继续(做原来的事) stop doing停止正在做的事
比如：I remember to deal with this urgent issue tomorrow.
I remember sending you a postcard last Christmas.
二、不定式的'习惯用法，即他们之间形成一个固定的搭配。
这样有两种大的情形：
1,cannot help but do cannot but do
cannot choose but do can do nothing but do
have no choice/alternative but to do
上述句型的意思接近，即“不得不做”、“不禁做”、“不由自主地做”、“不能不做”、“只能做”。其共同的特点是都有一个否定词和but。
比如：I have no choice but to abide by what you have told me.
2,be busy/active doing sth. have difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth.
It’s no good/use/picnic doing sth. have a good/great/wonderful time doing sth.
spend/waste time doing sth. There is no point/sense/harm/ use doing sth.
cannot help doing sth.
比如： I can not help crying at the sight of the touching movie,
There is no point in talking about non-sense like that,
I have difficulty in passing the exam without your great help.
对于以上非谓语的用法，很多都是固定的搭配，提议广大考生在复习的时候，把它们背诵下来，滚瓜烂熟，脱口而出，对于考研肯定有很大的帮助，特别是以上短语在考研写作中有时真的是画龙点睛，给人眼前一亮的感觉。一定要不断操作，不断实践!
◆篇3：考研英语语法讲解之非谓语动词
考研英语语法讲解之非谓语动词
非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词），即动词的非谓语形式。非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的任何成分。非谓语是考研英语中的常考点，娴熟地掌握它的用法对于我们来说有着重要的意义。主要从以下几个方面来对它进行介绍：一、有的.固定动词后面既可以接动词不定式或动名词，充当宾语的成分，但其表达的意思非常的不同。
mean to do想要(做某事) propose to do 打算(做某事)
mean doing意味(做某事) propose doing建议(做某事)
forget to do忘记(要做的事) remember to do记得(要做某事)
forget doing忘记(已做的事) remember doing记得(已做过的事)
go on to do继而(做另一件事) stop to do停下来去做另一件事
go on doing继续(做原来的事) stop doing停止正在做的事
比如：I remember to deal with this urgent issue tomorrow.
I remember sending you a postcard last Christmas.
二、不定式的习惯用法，即他们之间形成一个固定的搭配。
这样有两种大的情形：
1．cannot help but do cannot but do
cannot choose but do can do nothing but do
have no choice/alternative but to do
上述句型的意思接近，即“不得不做”、“不禁做”、“不由自主地做”、“不能不做”、“只能做”。其共同的特点是都有一个否定词和but。
比如：I have no choice but to abide by what you have told me.
2．be busy/active doing sth. have difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth.
It’s no good/use/picnic doing sth. have a good/great/wonderful time doing sth.
spend/waste time doing sth. There is no point/sense/harm/ use doing sth.
cannot help doing sth.
比如： I can not help crying at the sight of the touching movie,
There is no point in talking about non-sense like that,
I have difficulty in passing the exam without your great help.
对于以上非谓语的用法，很多都是固定的搭配，提议广大考生在复习的时候，把它们背诵下来，滚瓜烂熟，脱口而出，对于考研肯定有很大的帮助，特别是以上短语在考研写作中有时真的是画龙点睛，给人眼前一亮的感觉。一定要不断操作，不断实践！
。篇4：英语语法练习题：非谓语动词
英语语法练习题精选：非谓语动词
1. Zhou Lan doesn’t have to be made ________. She always works hard.
A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. le arned
2. ________ for several times, we decided not to do it again.
A. Having scolded B. Having been scolded C. She has been scolded D. Since she was scolded
3. Hearing the bad news, _______.
A. tears came down her face B. she can’t help crying
C. everything seemed to be in bad order D. the young lady was upset
4. The boy was caught ______ things from a shop last night.
A. steal B. to steal C. stole D. stealing
5. The ______ look on his face suggested that he was ______.
A. surprised; surprised B. surprising; surprising
C. surprised; surprising D. surprising; surprised
6. This novel is said __________ last year.
A. to have been published B. to be published
C. to have published D. having been published
7. I have never thought of _______ abroad with us.
A. you to go B. you will go C. for you to go D. you going
8. It was very clever ______ in the young lady’s room.
A. for Holmes to stay B. Holmes’ staying C. of Holmes to stay D. of Holmes’ staying
9. They spent the night ______ in the room.
A. having locked B. locking C. to be locked D. locked
10. You look that light-hearted. Nothing seems _______ to you.
A. to happen B. to have been happened C. to have happened D. to be happened
11. This song is sung by many people, _______ it very popular.
A. making B. makes C. made D. to make
12. In many countries, school teachers get _________ by the year.
A. paid B. paying C. to pay D. pay
13. I have had the computer _______ because my father had me ______ it.
A. repair; done B. repaired; do C. repairing; do D. repaired; done
14. Revolution means ______ the productive forces.
A. liberate B. liberating C. liberated D. to liberate
15. It happened ______ when I left the station , so I had to wait until the rain stopped.
A. to be raining B. to have rained C. to rain D. raining
16. If you have a fever, you’d better drink more ______ water.
A. boiling B. boil C. boiled D. to boil
17. He could do nothing but _____ for the bus _______.
A. wait; to come B. wait; come C. waiting; coming D. waited; came
18. ______ it rains, we will stay at home.
A. Supposed B. Supposing C. To suppose D. If suppose
19. Nobody likes to ______.
A. laugh at B. make fun of C. be laughed D. be made fun of
20. He advised ______ but I didn’t listen to him.
A. me going B. my going C. for me to go D. me to go
21. I have a lot of letters ___________.
A. deal with B. to deal C. to be dealt D. to deal with
22. I don’t think this room comfortable ________.
A. to live B. to live in C. to be lived D. living in
23. He is believed ______ the college exam, for he is now studying very hard.
A. to pass B. to have passed C. pass D. that he can pass
24. Have you got used _______ up early ?
A. to get B. to getting C. to be getting D. getting
25. _____ in the forest, he had to ask for help by sending out signals.
A. Having lost B. Losing C. Lost D. He was lost
26. I regret ____ your advice, or I would have succeeded.
A. not to take B. not take C. not taking D. not taken
27. All the children need _________. So they all have the right of going to school.
A. to teach B. being taught C. taught D. teaching
28. All that is worth ______ should be well _______.
A. doing; done B. being done; done C. doing ; doing D. being done; doing
29. When I passed by, he pretended ______ and didn’t even raise his eyes.
A. to read B. to be reading C. to have read D. reading
30. _________, they went home, ________.
A. Their work had been finished ; singing and laughing
B. They had finished their work; sang and laughed
C. Their work finished; singing and laughing
D. After their work finished; singing and laughing
31. The studios which Disney started are still busy today _____ more and more interesting films.
A. to produce B. produced C. produce D. producing
32. The young man was praised for ________ a little boy.
A. have saved B. he has saved C. having saved D. saving
33. How about two of us _______ the meeting ?
A. to attend B. attend C. attending D. to be attending
34. I didn’t remember ______ him before, so I didn’t address him when he came.
A. to meet B. having met C. have met D. to having met
35. The building ______ now will be our school library.
A. built B. to be built C. is being built D. being built
36. “Last night, you forget ______ off the lights when you left the room.”
“Really? I remember ________ them off.”
A. to turn; to turn B. to turn; turning C. turning; turning D. turning; to turn
37.If you want to improve your _____ English, you must try ________ English every day.
A. spoken; to practise speaking B. spoken ; practising speaking
C. speaking; to practise to speak D. spoken; to practise to speak
38. The Golden Gate Bridge, ______ several hundred years ago, is worldwide famous.
A. which is built B. which built C. having built D. built
39. The young deer was lucky to miss _______.
A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catch
40. “Will you have anybody _____ the flowers?”
“Yes, I will have the flowers _______. ”
A. plant; planted B. to plant; planted C. plant; to be planted D. to plant; plant
41. He went there in a hurry only ______ that everybody had left.
A. finding B. to find C. having found D. to have found
42. Mr and Mrs Smith were killed in an accident , _____ their child as an orphan.
A. leaving B. to leave C. having left D. to have left
43. He came ______ to the station ______ the first train.
A. running , catching B. to run; to catch C. ran; to catch D. running; to catch
44. Jackson likes ______, but he doesn’t like ________ today.
A. to fish; to fish B. fishing ; fishing C. to fish; fishing D. fishing; to fish
45. I saw the man ______ on a bus and go away.
A. to get B. get C. was getting D. getting
46. With you _____by, I can’t say any more.
A. stood B. stand C. to stand D. standing
47. ______, the city looks beautiful.
A. Seeing from the hill B. Seen from the hill
C. To see from the hill D. To be seen from the hill
48. That day I saw some villagers ______ at the back of the classroom, ______ to the headmaster.
A. seating; listening B. seated; listening C. sitting; listening D. sat; listening
49. Whom will you __________ with you ?
A. have to go B. having going C. have gone D. have go
50. The girl wrote a composition without ______.
A. ask B. asking C. being asked D. to be asked
51. He finished his homework and then went on ______ me.
A. helping B. with help C. with helping D. to help
52. ______ where to go, he asked a policeman .
A. Having lost his way and not knowing B. Losing his way and didn’t know
C. Having lost his way and didn’t know D. Lost his way and didn’t know
53. ______ her friend was badly hurt, she burst into tears.
A. Hearing B. Having heard C. To hear D. Heard
54. ______ his team had won, his face lit up at once.
A. Knowing B. When knowing C. After knowing D. when he knew
55. _______ over and over again, but he still couldn’t understand .
A. Having explained B. Having been explained
C. Explaining D. It had been explained
56. ______ no buses, he had to walk home.
A. There was B. There is C. There being D. Being
57. Several Chinese people were killed in the bomb, three journalists ______.
A. be included B. including C. included D. have been included
58. I can hardly imagine such a disabled boy _____ so great a thing.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. to have done
59. The surface of the lake is ______ with _____ leaves.
A. covered; fallen B. covered; falling C. covering; fallen D. covering; falling
60. What have we said _______ you so unhappy ?
A. make B. made C. to make D. makes
篇5：英语语法口诀非谓语动词
非谓语动词包括动词不定式，动词的过去分词和动词的-ing形式三种。这是高考中的热点，其考查量多、面广，几乎是必考的一个知识点。近六年高考复现率达百分之百。纵观试题，其考查重点为动词非谓语形式的作用及功能相同的非谓语动词之间的区别。学生对此知识也“知之半解”，深感头疼。请看下面的方法，将有助于记住不定式及动名词。
1、动词的不定式
①不定式有标记，to与动词连一起。
②没有人称数变化，动词特点它具备。
③主宾定状表补语，唯独作谓不可以。
④not 加上不定式，否定结构要牢记。
⑤疑问词与不定式，构成短语有意义。
⑥仔细推敲多思考，准确判断有依据。
解析：①“to+动词原形”是它的基本构成形式，即不定式的标记。
②它没有人称和数的变化，不管主语是任何人称，单数还是复数，动词不定式都没有变化。但它仍保留动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语或状语。
③它具有名词、形容词和副词三大特点，所以，它在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语、表语、状语和宾补。
④“not +动词不定式”是它的否定形式，不要受其他否定式的影响，要记住规律。
⑤疑问代词what, who, whom, which和疑问副词where, when, why , how加上不定式在句中可以做主语，宾语、表语、状语。
⑥通过以上分析，只要仔细研究，把不定式的功能用法搞清楚，在应用时就能作出准确的判断。
2、动名词：
哪些动词后面只能接动名词，下面的顺口溜有助于记忆。
喜欢、考虑不可免(enjoy, consider, escape, avoid)
停止，放弃太冒险(stop, give up , risk)
反对想象莫推延(mine, imagine, delay, put off)
要求完成是期望(require, finish, look forward to.)
建议继续勤*练(suggest, go on, practise)
不禁原谅要坚持(can’t help, excuse , insist on)
继续注意使成功(keep on, mind, succeed in)
篇6：“there be＋名词＋非谓语动词”英语语法
“there be＋名词＋非谓语动词”英语语法
1. there be+宾语+现在分词：
现在分词表示主动关系，同时表示动作正在进行：
There is someone waiting for him. 有人在等他。
There was a man standing in front of me. 我前面站着一个男人。
There were some children swimming in the river. 有些小孩在河里游泳。
There were a group of young people working in the fields. 有一群青年在地里劳动。
有时现在分词可表示一种状态：
There’s a piano standing against the wall. 靠墙有一架钢琴。
There’re a lot of difficulties facing us. 我们面前有很多困难。
There is a door leading to the garden. 有一座门通往花园。
有个别现在分词用于该结构时可以表示将来(正如它们可用进行时表示将来一样)：
There are ten people coming to dinner. 有10个人来吃晚饭。
2. there be+宾语+过去分词：
过去分词表示一种被动关系，同时表示动作已经发生：
There is nothing written on it. 上面没写东西。
There were ten people killed in the accident. 事故中有10人丧生。
有时过去分词也可表示一种状态(可转换成被动结构)：
There were some old men seated (=who were seated) in the back. 有些老人坐在后面。
There is a red car parked (=which is parked) outside the house. 房子外边停着一辆红色汽车。
3. there be+宾语+不定式：不定式通常表示动作尚未发生：
There was nobody to look after the child. 没有人照顾这孩子。
There was a large crowd to send him off. 有一大群人要来给他送行。
There was so much to lose that we couldn’t take any risks. 可能会有很大的损失，因此我们不能冒险。
【注】当其中的宾语与其后的不定式为被动关系时，可用主动表被动，也可用被动式：
There is much work to do [to be done]. 有许多工作要做。
有时其中的不定式为系表结构：
There is nothing to be afraid of. 没什么可怕的.。
What was there to be afraid of. 有什么可怕的?
There’s nothing to be ashamed of. 没有什么值得羞愧的。
篇7：英语非谓语动词讲解及练习
非谓语动词是指分词（包括现在分词和过去分词）、不定式、动名词等三种形式，即：
doing , done , to do , doing 。当然它们有各自不同的变化形式，如：
现在分词 doing : 有being done（被动式） ; having done （完成式）; having been do
ne （完成被动式）
不定式 to do : 有to be done （被动式）; to have done （完成式）; to be doing（进行式）
动名词 doing : 有having done（完成式）; being done（被动式） ;
非谓语动词的特点： 三种非谓语动词都具有动词的特征，虽然它们没有人称和数的变化，但是它们都能带自己的状语或有时跟宾语。它们都有各自的特征：分词具有形容词和副词的特征；动名词具有名词的特征；不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。具体来讲：分词在句子中可以做定语、表语、状语或补足语等；动名词在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语等；不定式在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语、补足语或状语。
下面分别对三种非谓语动词进行讲解：
一． 动词不定式
先看几个例句，判断不定式在句中的成分。
1．To learn a foreign language is difficult .
2． His wish is to be a driver .
3．Tom wanted to have a cup of beer .
4．The teacher told us to do morning exercises .
5．I have nothing to say .
6．They went to see their aunt .
7．It’s easy to see their aunt.
8．I don’t know what to do next .
9．I heard them make a noise .
说明：1．动词不定式作主语, 2.动词不定式作表语,3.动词不定式作宾语,4．动词不定式作宾语补足语，5．动词不定式作定语,6．动词不定式作目的状语,7．动词不定式作真正主语，it 代替动词不定式，作形式主语。8．带有连接代词的动词不定式作宾语,9．不带to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语。
掌握动词不定式应注意的几个问题：
1． “to” 是不定式符号还是介词，下列短语中的to 都是介词。
agree to object to close to , come to , lead to , refer to ,
equal to , familiar to , point to , thank to , devote to , next to , belong to , be used to , look forward to
2． 带to 还是不带to
I have no choice but to give in
I cannot do anything but give in
I saw him enter the classroom .
（ 但是： He was seen to enter the classroom .）
3． 动词不定式逻辑主语是由for 作为标记的。但是有时用of .
It’s necessary for you to study hard .
It’s foolish of him to do it .
与of 连用的形容词有：
good, kind , nice , wise ,clever , foolish , right , wrong , careful , careless , polite , possible
4．后接不定式作宾语的动词有：
want , hope , wish , like , begin , try , need , forget , agree , know , promise , teach , refuse , help , arrange , dare , decide , determine , fail , manage , offer , prepare , continue , ask , mean , choose , expect etc.
需要宾语补足语的动词不能用动词不定式直接做介词的宾语，而要用it做形式宾语。例如：通常不说We think to obey the laws is important . 而说We think it important to obey the laws .
5．不定式的省略。下列短语中，如果意义明确，常常省略到to 。
want to , wish to ,hope to , like to , hate to , plan to , try to , love to , have to , o
ught to , need to , used to , be able to
6．不定式作定语，应注意两种关系：
1）动宾关系：
He has a lot of meeting to attend .
Please lend me something to write with .
He is looking for a room to live
He is looking for a room to live in .
He has no money and no place
to live ( in ) .
I think the best way to travel ( by ) is on foot .
There is no time to think ( about ) .
2）主谓关系：
She is always the last ( person) to speak at the meeting .
----I’m going to the post office , for I have a letter to post . ( 逻辑主语是I )
-------Thank you. But I have no letters to be posted now ( 逻辑主语不是I )
7．不定式作状语，可以有以下几种意义：
1） 原因
He is lucky to get here on time .
这种结构中常用的形容词有：
happy , glad , delighted , pleased , sorry , eager , anxious . lucky , fortunate , proud , angry surprised , frightened , disappointed , ready , clever , foolish , worthy
2) 目的
He came to help me with my maths .
3) 结果
I hurried to get there only to find him out .
The book is too hard for the boy to read .
He is old enough to go to school .
8 . 不定式作补足语
I saw him play in the street just now .
能跟不带to 的不定式作补足语的动词有：
see , feel , hear , listen to , look at , watch , let , have make, observe, notice
注: 当这些词为被动式时，不定式要带to , 如：
He was seen to play in the street just now.
二．动名词
Learning English is very difficult .
学英语非常困难。
His job is driving a bus .
他的工作是开车。
I enjoy dancing .
我喜欢跳舞。
I have got used to living in the country .
我已经习惯了住农村。
Take some sleeping tablets , and you will soon fall asleep .
吃点安眠药，你很快就会入睡。
注意以下几种结构：
1．There’s no telling what will happen .
=It’s impossible to tell what will happen .
= No one can tell what will happen .
2．It’s no use talking with him .
It’s no good speaking to them like that .
3．There’s some difficulty ( in ) doing …
在此句型中,difficulty 可以由以下单词替换:
trouble , problem , fun , pleasure , a good time , a hard time
注意以下几个问题：
1．下列动词后跟不定式与跟动名词作宾语意义有区别，
forget to do … 忘记要做某事
forget doing… 忘记做了某事
remember to do…记住要做某事
remember doing …记着做了某事
mean to do … 有意要做某事
mean doing … 意味着做了某事
regret to do … 对要做的事表示后悔
regret doing … 对做过去的事后悔
can’t help to do…不能帮助做某事
can’t help doing … 情不自禁做某事
try to do … 尽力去做某事
try doing 试着做某事
learn to do … 学着去做某事
learn doing … 学会做某事
stop to do … 停下来去做（另一件事）
stop doing … 停止做某事
go on to do … 接着做（另外一件事）
go on doing … 继续做某事
used to do … 过去做某事
be used to doing …习惯做某事
2．动名词作定语与现在分词作定语意义有区别
动名词作定语表达 n+ for doing 的含义
现在分词作定语表达 n+which(who) be doing的含义
如：a sleeping car = a car for sleeping
a running horse = a horse which is running
前者是动名词 ， 后者是现在分词
又如： drinking water , walking stick running water , sleeping boy
3． 动名词的逻辑主语：
动名词的逻辑主语为代词或名词的所有格形式。
例如：His coming made us very happy .
4．动名词的语态和时态
5． 动名词主动形式表被动的情况：
need doing , want doing , require doing
例如： This room needs painting . 这个房间需要粉刷。
6．只能跟动名词作宾语的动词：
admit , avoid , advise , consider , delay , deny , enjoy , escape , excuse , fancy , finish , complete , forbid , imagine , mind , miss , permit . practise , require , suggest , risk , keep, take to , look forward to , get down to , feel like , can’t help , can’t stand , be used to ,insist on , succeed in , set about, give up , include ,
三． 分词
1 The story is interesting . I’m interested in it .
这个故事有兴趣，我对这个故事感兴趣。
2 . This is a moving film .
这是一部动人的电影。
3. The secretary worked late into the night , preparing a long speech for the president .
秘书工作到深夜，为主席准备一篇长篇演讲稿。
4. Given more time , I’ll do it well .
如果给我多一点时间，我会做的更好。
When he passed the back of the street , he saw the thief stealing some money from the bank .
当他后街时，看到小偷正从银行偷钱。
应注意的几个问题：
1．现在分词与过去分词的区别
Do you know the woman talking to Tom ?
= Do you know the woman who is talking to Tom ?
The soldier wounded in the war has become a doctor.
= The soldier who was wounded in the war has become a doctor.
China is a developing country and America is a developed country.
2．分词作表语
The news sounds encouraging .
They got very excited .
1）现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别：
The news is interesting .
He is interested in the news .
doing 作表语，主语与表语是主谓关系 ；done 作表语，主语与表语是动宾关系。
2）表语与被动式的区别：
The blackboard was broken by Xiao Ming .（强调动作）
The blackboard is broken . You’d better have it repaired.（强调状态）
3）常作表语的过去分词：
amused , injured , covered , known , dressed , lost , broken , gone , delighted, excited , pleased , satisfied , married , worried , surprised , interested , burnt , shut , crowded , wounded , drank , done
3．现在分词、动名词 现在进行时的区别
The situation in our country is encouraging . (表语)
The situation in our country is encouraging the people . ( 现在进行时)
My job is looking after the little baby . (动名词)
能回答how-question 的是现在分词，能回答what-question 的动名词，即不能回答how-question 也不能回答what-question 的是现在进行时。
例如： How is the situation in our country ? It is encouraging .
What is your job ? My job is looking after the little baby .
4．注意的四种结构：
have something to do 有某事要做
have something done 使某事被做
have somebody do something 使某人做某事
have something doing 让某事一直做着
5． 需要跟反身代词作宾语的动词：
seat , prepare , hide , dress
如：I seated myself on the chair .
I was seated on the chair .
6．分词做状语与不定式的区别：
分词做状语表示时间、原因、让步、条件、方式、伴随等；而不定式表示目的和结果。
Having finished the homework , I went home . （ 时间）
Being a Party member , I should work hard . （原因）
Given more time ,I can do my work better . （ 条件 ）
He ran out of the classroom ,shouting at the boy. （ 伴随）
To get more knowledge , we must work harder and harder . ( 目的 )
He is old enough to join the army . （ 结果）
7．分词、动名词和不定式作定语的区别
a running horse 现在分词 = a horse that is running
a fallen leaf 过去分词 = a leaf that has already fallen
a walking stick 动名词 = a stick for walking
something to do 不定式 = something that I should do
8．不定式被动式、分词的被动式和过去分词的区别：
I have a problem to be discussed at the meeting . ( 将来)
The building being built on the river is the Science Museum . （正在进行）
The building completed three years ago is now in bad conditions . （ 过去）
9．分词做状语需要注意的一个问题：
分词与句子主语的逻辑关系
Seeing from the hill , the city looks beautiful .( 错误 )
Seen from the hill , the city looks beautiful . （ 正确）
Seeing 与the city 不是主谓关系；seen 与city 是动宾关系
练习
I .单项选择
1.Most of the people _____ to the party were famous scientists.
A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. inviting
2. ______ many times, but he still couldn’t understand it .
A. Having being told B. Though had been told C. He was told
D. Having told
3. She reached the top of the hill and stopped _____ on a big rock by the side of the path .
A.to have rested B. testing C. to rest D. rest
4. The next morning she found the man ______ in bed , dead .
A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying
5. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier , _______ it more difficult .
A. to make B. not to make C. not making D. to not make
6 . The Olympic Games , _____ in 776 B.C., did not include women plays until 1912 .
A.first playing B.to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing
7 . ---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting .
---- Well , now I regret ____________that .
A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done
8 . The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with talks , _______ that he had enjoyed his stay here .
A. having added B. to add C. adding D. added
9 . _______ a reply , he decided to write again .
A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received
10.The speaker raised his voice, but he still couldn’t make himself ________ .
A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard
Robert is said ___ abroad , but I don’t know what country be studied in .
to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying
II . 用动词的正确形式填空
1. Little Tom should love ________ ( take ) to the theatre this evening .
2. Paul doesn’t have to be made _______ ( learn ) . He always works hard .
3. The computer centre , ______ ( open )last year , is very popular among the students in this school .
4. Go on _____( do ) the other exercise after you have finished this one .
5. How about two of us ______ ( take ) a walk down the garden .
答案：
I
1.A 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.D 8.C 9.C 10.D
II
1.to be taken ; 2.to learn ; 3.opened ;4.to do ; 5.taking
篇8：非谓语动词讲解及练习：动名词
动 名 词 (The Gerund)
动名词可以起名词的作用，在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语；同时，它还保留着动词的一些特征，如有完成式和被动语态，可以有自己的宾语和状语.
动名词的形式：以write为例
主动语态 被动语态
一般式 writing being written
完成式 having written having been written
一、动名词的句法功能：
1． 作主语
eg.) Reading books makes one wise.
Collecting stamps is interesting.
① 与不定式区别:
动名词作主语表示经常性、习惯性的抽象动作;不定式作主语表示具体的特别是将来的动作。
Eg.) _____ (Walking, To walk) is a good form of exercise for both young and old.
_____ (Finishing, To finish) the work in a week is impossible.
② 常用it作形式主语:
限于名词: good, use, fun, joy或形容词:good, nice, interesting, useless, worth, etc.
eg.)It’s no use crying over spilt milk.
It’s no good quarrelling with such a bad-tempered person.
③ 注意主谓一致:
单个的动名词短语作主语,谓语用单数;由and连接的多个动名词短语作主语, 谓语多用复数.
Eg.) Plating flowers _____ (need) constant watering.
Learning a theory and putting it into practice ___ (are, is) two different things.
④ 用于结构:
There is no doing sth.
No doing.
have a good (hard ) time/ difficulty/ problem/trouble /fun/ pleasure (in) doing sth.
Eg.) There is no ____ (know) what will happen in the future.
No _____ (spit) in public places.
With the boy _______ (lead) the way, we had no difficulty ________ (find) his house.
2.作表语：(be, remain, taste, sound, smell等link-v.后)
eg.)In the ant city, the queen’s job is laying eggs.
My job is _____(type) letters.
(抽象、习惯性、经常性的动作)
My job now is _______(type) these letters.
(某次具体的特别是将来的动作)
3.作定语：
动名词和现在分词作定语时的区别:
动名词作定语时,表示它所修饰的名词的用途,而不表示动作.现在分词作定语时,表示它所修饰的名词正在进行的动作.
a walking stick= a stick for walking
a dancing hall= a hall for dancing
比较:
a sleeping car= a car for sleeping ( _______ )
a sleeping boy=a boy who is sleeping ( _______ )
4.作宾语：(动宾,介宾)
①有些动词及短语后跟动名词作宾语：
常见动词: advise, avoid（避免）, appreciate（感激）, admit（承认）,consider(考虑), complete, delay, deny（否认）, enjoy, excuse, escape, finish, forbid, forgive, imagine, miss, mind, mention, permit, practise, risk（冒险）, suggest(建议), understand, etc.
常见短语:be busy, be worth, burst out, insist on, feel like, can’t help (忍不住), set about, succeed in, persist in
be/get used/accustomed to, look forward to, object to, be opposed to, pay attention to, get down to, devote oneself/one’s life ( energy, effort, time) to, be reduced to (沦为), admit/ owe to（承认）
【lead to, stick to, listen to, refer to, turn to, thanks to, owing to, due to, be open to (愿意接受), in addition to (除外), be familiar to, give one’s mind to (专心于), be sentenced to，be equal to，keep to，point to, give rise to (引起), stand up to (勇敢面对), see to （注意，处理，照料）, trust to (依靠，凭), look up to（尊敬） 后接名词,一般不接动名词】
eg.) Would you mind ____ (fill) out this form?
I’m sorry I missed ___(see) you while in Beijing.
②allow, advise, consider, forbid, permit等动词
～ +doing sth.
～ + sb. to do sth.
eg.) The doctor advised ___ (take ) a good rest.
The doctor advised the patient ___ (take ) a good rest.
③某些动词后既可接动名词,也可接不定式.
常见动词: begin/start, continue; love, like, dislike, hate, prefer; need, want, require; forget, remember, regret; mean, try, go on, stop, be used to, can’t help
A.) begin/start
三种情况下,一般接不定式做宾语:①主语是sth.;②本身用于进行时;③做宾语的动词表示情感、思想或意念时(如:like, love, understand, realize, understand, know, etc.)
B.) love, like, dislike, hate, prefer,如表示经常性的动作,
用动名词作宾语;如表示特定或具体的动作,多接不定式.
Eg.) I like___(play) chess during my spare time.
I like___(play) at chess with the chess master now.
C.) need, want require
eg.) He wants _____(repair) the bike for me.
The bike needs/wants/ requires______(repair).
D.) forget, remember, regret
eg.) The light in the office is still on. I forgot ____ (turn) it off.
I’ll never forget ____(see) the musical comedy in New York.
Remember____( meet) me tonight.
I remember ____(take) to Beijing when I was a child.
I regret ____ (inform) you that you are dismissed.
I regret ______( not take ) his advice.
E.) mean, try, go on, stop, be used to, can’t help
Eg.) What do you mean _____ (do ) with it?
____(miss) the train means __(wait) for another two hours.
He’s been trying ____ (get) you on the phone.
Let’s try___ (knock) at the back door.
He paused and went on __ (explain) the text to us.
Go on _____(do) the other exercise after you have finished this one.
Wood is used to ___(make) paper.
He is used to _____(get) up early.
She couldn’t help_____( do ) the housework, for she was busy.
People couldn’t help____(laugh) at the foolish emperor in the procession.
④动名词做介词宾语:
eg.) On _____(hear) the news, she couldn’t help crying.
He went to the party without ___(invite).
注意:except/but后接不定式做宾语
eg.) He had no choice but _____(wait).
He could do nothing but ______(wait).
5.作同位语：
eg.) His habit, listening to the news on the radio, remains unchanged.
二、动名词的复合结构:
① 物主代词或名词所有格+ 动名词(作主语、宾语、表语)
② 代词宾格或名词普通格+ 动名词(作宾语、表语)
Eg.) My father’s being ill worried us greatly.
=That my father was ill worried us greatly.
His not being present at the party annoyed the hostess.
It’s no use your pretending that you didn’t know the truth.
I suggest them /their having their eyes examined.
Last night I dreamed of there being a garden in front of my house.
What angered me most was the students failing to fulfill their duties.
I think the problem is their/them not having enough time.
注意:
若动名词的逻辑主语为无生命的东西,只用普通格:
eg.) The experiment can’t be carried out because of the equipment being out of order.
In 1949, New China, like a sun rising in the east, appeared in the world.
The news of the new hotel catching fire shocked everyone.= The news that the new hotel caught fire shocked everyone.
The noises of the boxes being opened and closed could be heard.
三、动名词的时态:
一般式:表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或在谓语动词所表示的动作之后发生.
完成式: 表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前.
Eg.) Seeing is believing.
She denied having been there.
但:I remember seeing/having seen her.
四、动名词的语态: (主动式和被动式)
eg.) Do you like _____(treat) like that?
She prided herself on _______(send) to work in Beijing.
Do you mind _______ ( Jane, leave) alone at home?
While shopping, people sometimes can’t help _____(persuade) into buying something they don’t really need.
注意: be worth, need/want/require后接动名词的主动式表示被动之意.
Eg.) The place is worth _____(visit).
The place is worthy ________(visit).
五、动名词的否定式：
动名词一般式的否定式: not doing
动名词完成式的否定式: not + having done; having never done
eg.)The girl made her mother angry by not taking her medicine.
=The____ ____ _____ the medicine made her mother angry.
The girl is nervous for ______ ( never speak) in public.
They apologized for ____ (not wait) for us.
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