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托福阅读推断题抓好关键词

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下面是小编整理的托福阅读推断题抓好关键词，本文共7篇，欢迎大家阅读分享借鉴，欢迎大家分享。本文原稿由网友“蜗居在深圳”提供。

篇1：托福阅读推断题抓好关键词

托福阅读推断题：认清类型，抓好关键词

推断题一般可以分为有共性的推理题和无共性的推理题。所谓的有共性推理题就是说题干中有和原文内容相同的关键词(也叫线索)，根据关键词回原文定位，然后进行推理，大多数的推理题都属于这类题目。对于无共性的推理题，也就是题干中无线索，一般使用排除法，即根据各个选项的关键词回原文定位，通过排除法得出正确答案。返回原文找信息点、采用排除法是解决这两类推理题的共同策略。

推理题的解题思路主要有以下三个方向：

1、一般对比推理：根据两个事情的对比特征，问其中一个事物的特征，只要将与之形成对比的另外一个事情的特征否定掉就可以。

2、时间对比推理：在这种推理中，一般有两个形成对比的时间段，它们所具有的特征一般相反。当题干问一个时间段的特征时，只要将与之相反的时间段的特征否定掉就可以了。

3、集合概念推理：一个大的集合的两个方面形成对比，两者之间存在着互补性关系，也就是一个的增加意味着另一个的减少。反之，相同。这个比较抽象，我们来看一个例子：

例如：Both the number and the percentage of people in the United States involved in nonagricultural pursuits expanded rapidly during the half century following the civil war, with some of the most dramatic increases occurring in the domains of transportation, manufacturing, and trade and distribution.

What can be inferred from the passage about the agricultural sector of the economy after the Civil War?

(A) New technological developments had little effect on farmers.

(B) The percentage of the total population working in agriculture declined.

(D) Farmers achieved new prosperity because of better rural transportation.

文中指出：非农业人口的数量和比例都增加了。由此可知农业人口的数量和比例下降，所以(B)为正确答案。

三、解答这类题目需要注意的信息点：

1.日期和数字。

2.关键词：表示多少的副词: many , some, much of, several , a few ,most …;情态动词：may, can , could…;表示过去的：used to be , was, were , at one time, previously ;表示不是唯一的： not only ,not exclusively等。

总之，文中的关键词，观点，逻辑和平时的基本常识是解决这类问题的关键。

托福阅读长难句：成功的欺骗者

The answer lies apparently not in the increased energy costs of exaggerated begging——such energy costs are small relative to the potential gain in calories——but rather in the damage that any successful cheater would do to its siblings, which share genes with one another. (TPO11, 45)

我是分界线，大家先自己速读哦。

The answer lies apparently not in the increased energy costs (of exaggerated begging)——(such energy costs are small relative to the potential gain in calories)——but rather in the damage (that any successful cheater would do to its siblings), (which share genes with one another).(TPO11, 45)

分析：

这个句子主干是：The answer lies apparently not in the increased energy costs but rather in the damage，大家要注意这里的not…but结构，不是…而是

修饰一：(of exaggerated begging) ，介词短语，修饰costs

中文：夸张的乞讨

修饰二：—— (such energy costs are small relative to the potential gain in calories) ，破折号，解释说明

中文：这些能量消耗相对于可能获得的能量相比是很少的

修饰三：(that any successful cheater would do to its siblings) ，从句，修饰damage

中文：任何一个成功的欺骗者会对它的兄弟姐妹造成伤害

修饰四：(which share genes with oneanother)，从句，修饰siblings

中文：彼此拥有相同的基因

参考翻译：

答案明显不在于夸张的乞讨所增加的能量消耗——这些能量消耗相对于可能获得的能量相比是很少的——而是在于任何一个成功的欺骗者会对和它有同样基因的兄弟姐妹造成伤害。

这个句子的主要修饰成分就是从句、介词短语，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。

托福阅读长难句：对有声电影的批判

Though it may be difficult to imagine from a later perspective, a strain of critical opinion in the 1920s predicted that sound film would be a technical novelty that would soon fade from sight, just as had many previous attempts, dating well back before the First World War, to link images with recorded sound. (TPO12, 54)

perspective /p?'spekt?v/ n. 透视法，透视图;远景;观点，看法

strain n. 品种，类型

我是分界线，大家先自己一遍速读哦。

(Though it may be difficult to imagine from a later perspective),a strain of critical opinion inthe 1920s predicted that sound film would be a technical novelty (that would soon fade from sight),(just as had many previous attempts, (dating well back before the First World War),to link images with recorded sound).(TPO12, 54)

分析：

这句话的主干就是a strain of critical opinion in the 1920s predicted that

修饰一：(Though it may be difficult to imagine from a later perspective)，从句

中文：虽然从以后的观点来看很难想象

修饰二：(that would soon fade from sight)，从句，修饰a technical novelty

中文：不久就会从视线里消失

修饰三：( just as had many previous attempts to link images with recorded sound)，从句，大家一定要注意这里的attempts to被插入语(dating well back before the FirstWorld War)隔开了，断句不要出问题

中文：就好像以前试图把图像和录音连接在一起的许多尝试一样。

修饰四：(dating well back before the First World War)，插入语

中文：追溯到一战以前

参考翻译：

虽然从以后的观点来看很难想象，但在20世纪代有一种批判的观点预测有声电影将会是不久就会从视线里消失的技术创新，就好像一战以前试图把图像和录音连接在一起的许多尝试一样。

这个句子的主要修饰成分就是从句、插入语，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。

篇2：托福阅读推断题题目及答案

Paragraph 3：Oil pools are valuable underground accumulations of oil, and oil fields are regions underlain by one or more oil pools. When an oil pool or field has been discovered, wells are drilled into the ground. Permanent towers, called derricks, used to be built to handle the long sections of drilling pipe. Now portable drilling machines are set up and are then dismantled and removed. When the well reaches a pool, oil usually rises up the well because of its density difference with water beneath it or because of the pressure of expanding gas trapped above it. Although this rise of oil is almost always carefully controlled today, spouts of oil, or gushers, were common in the past. Gas pressure gradually dies out, and oil is pumped from the well. Water or steam may be pumped down adjacent wells to help push the oil out. At a refinery, the crude oil from underground is separated into natural gas, gasoline, kerosene, and various oils. Petrochemicals such as dyes, fertilizer, and plastic are also manufactured from the petroleum.

Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 3 about gushers?

They make bringing the oil to the surface easier.

They signal the presence of huge oil reserves.

They waste more oil than they collect.

They are unlikely to occur nowadays.

托福阅读推断题练习题答案：4

篇3：托福阅读推断题题目及答案

Paragraph 1: Groundwater is the word used to describe water that saturates the ground, filling all the available spaces. By far the most abundant type of groundwater is meteoric water; this is the groundwater that circulates as part of the water cycle. Ordinary meteoric water is water that has soaked into the ground from the surface, from precipitation (rain and snow) and from lakes and streams. There it remains, sometimes for long periods, before emerging at the surface again. At first thought it seems incredible that there can be enough space in the “solid” ground underfoot to hold all this water.

Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 1 about the ground that we walk on?

It cannot hold rainwater for long periods of time.

It prevents most groundwater from circulating.

It has the capacity to store large amounts of water.

It absorbs most of the water it contains from rivers.

托福阅读推断题练习题答案：3

篇4：托福阅读推断题题目及答案

Paragraph 5: Even the kind of stability defined as simple lack of change is not always associated with maximum diversity. At least in temperate zones, maximum diversity is often found in mid-successional stages, not in the climax community. Once a redwood forest matures, for example, the kinds of species and the number of individuals growing on the forest floor are reduced. In general, diversity, by itself, does not ensure stability. Mathematical models of ecosystems likewise suggest that diversity does not guarantee ecosystem stability—just the opposite, in fact. A more complicated system is, in general, more likely than a simple system to break down. (A fifteen-speed racing bicycle is more likely to break down than a child’s tricycle.)

Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 5 about redwood forests?

They become less stable as they mature.

They support many species when they reach climax.

They are found in temperate zones.

They have reduced diversity during mid-successional stages.

托福阅读推断题练习题答案：3

篇5：托福阅读推断题题目及答案

Paragraph 3：With question such as these clearly before them, the scientists aboard the Glomar Challenger processed to the Mediterranean to search for the answers. On August 23, 1970, they recovered a sample. The sample consisted of pebbles of gypsum and fragments of volcanic rock. Not a single pebble was found that might have indicated that the pebbles came from the nearby continent. In the days following, samples of solid gypsum were repeatedly brought on deck as drilling operations penetrated the seafloor. Furthermore, the gypsum was found to possess peculiarities of composition and structure that suggested it had formed on desert flats. Sediment above and below the gypsum layer contained tiny marine fossils, indicating open-ocean conditions. As they drilled into the central and deepest part of the Mediterranean basin, the scientists took solid, shiny, crystalline salt from the core barrel. Interbedded with the salt were thin layers of what appeared to be windblown silt.

Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 3 about the solid gypsum layer?

It did not contain any marine fossil.

It had formed in open-ocean conditions.

It had once been soft, deep-sea mud.

It contained sediment from nearby deserts.

托福阅读推断题练习题答案：1

篇6：托福阅读中推断题解题技巧

托福阅读推断题的方法推荐

推断题其实没有想象中的那么难，因为托福文章有很清晰的逻辑架构，每个自然段往往是按照TS (Topic Sentence) + SD (Supporting details)展开的，而文章多半是按Introduction + Aspects + Attitudes展开的。只有明白了文章的写作思路才能更好更快的做对题目，作者必定是按照一定的行文顺序编排段落的，如果画一个水平轴作为事件发展的顺序，推断题是让你从这个轴上的某一个点去推测，无非就两个方向，顺着轴发展的方向或者逆着轴发展的方向，也就是我们接下来要说的用正向和逆向思维去解决推断题。

OG上将推断题定义为检查考生对文章中强烈建议但绝不明说观点(strongly implied but not explicitlystated in the text)的理解程度，属于理解性题目，题目要求如下：

Paragraph 2 suggests which of the following about X?

Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 2 about X?

According to paragraph 3, what do Y indicate about X?

According to paragraph 4, what does the author imply about X?

题干中有出现infer, imply, indicate或suggest这四个单词，我们就判定这个题目为推断题，那么推断题应该如何解答呢?

第一步，判断题型。我们拿到题目，看到上面四个单词中的任何一个，心中就想着这是推断题，推断题的做题宗旨是文章强烈暗示，要通过文章内容进行合理推断。

第二步，审清题干，原文定位。仔细阅读题干，弄清题干内容，推断方向，带着题干核心信息到文章中准确定位。

第三步，推测+判断。根据相关句进行正向或逆向的推理，最后择优而选，确定答案。

正向推断：和事实信息题做题方法一样，答案就是定位的句子的同义改写。

逆向推断：大致分为两种，一种是时间，第二种是两类事物的对比。

第一种，题干中往往会出现表示时间的信息，比如：after 1932, since early years of the 19thcentury. 例如TPO 20 Passage 1 Western Migration Q1:

Paragraph 1: The story of the westward movement of population in the US is, in themain, the story of the expansion of American agriculture of the development of new areas forthe raising of livestock and the cultivation of wheat, corn, tobacco, and cotton. After 1815, improved transportation enabled more and more western farmers to escape a self-sufficientway of life and enter a national market economy during periods when commodity prices werehigh, the rate of westward migration increased spectacularly.

What can be inferred from paragraph 1 about western farmers prior to 1815?

m They had limited their crop production to wheat, corn, tobacco and cotton.

m They were able to sell their produce at high prices

m They had not been successful in raising cattle.

m They did not operate in a national market economy.

题干中出现了两个信息，一个是western farmers, 一个是prior to 1815, 带着两条信息去文中定位，定位在第一段第四行，但是文章中没有提到18之前，只有1815年之后，答案其实很简单，只要把1815年之后的内容看懂了，并且在这个内容前面加not即可。举个简单的例子，“从现在起Jessica是个姑娘”，“请问你能推断出昨天Jessica怎么了么?”可能很多人想到“是不是Jessica做了变性手术?”，其实这就算过分推断了，答案就是Jessica昨天不是个姑娘。言归正题，文中说到，改善的交通使得越来越多的西部农民摆脱了自给自足的生活，并且进入了国家性的市场经济，那个时候货物的价格很多，所以向西迁移的速率也大幅增长。

第二种：两类事物的对比，往往文中会出现表示对比的关系词：by contrast, unlike, while, whereas, on the contrary, in comparison to, distinct from, different from等词。例如TPO 2中的TheOrigins of Cetaceans的第2题，让考生推测关于early sea otters的，回到原文中定位，会发现关键句中存在着一个unlike, 说不像sea otters, 想象一下早期鲸类比较困难(not easy=difficult)，那我们逆推一下，不就是说想象早期sea otters长什么样比较容易，正确答案中出现了not difficult, 所以这道题很简单。

托福阅读推断题：认清类型，抓好关键词

托福阅读推断题考察学生对文章深层信息的推测理解能力，所需要的信息都包含在文章中，但是没有直接加以说明，需要考生从已知中推出。推理题是比较好辨认的一类题型，它的题干中常出现infer, imply , most likely (least likely) 或probably 等词语。根据OG，在IBT 阅读3篇文章中，每篇会有0-2道这类问题，一次考试总共有3-4道推断题。

推理题的解题思路主要有以下三个方向：

1、一般对比推理：根据两个事情的对比特征，问其中一个事物的特征，只要将与之形成对比的另外一个事情的特征否定掉就可以。

What can be inferred from the passage about the agricultural sector of the economy after the Civil War?

(A) New technological developments had little effect on farmers.

(B) The percentage of the total population working in agriculture declined.

(D) Farmers achieved new prosperity because of better rural transportation.

文中指出：非农业人口的数量和比例都增加了。由此可知农业人口的数量和比例下降，所以(B)为正确答案。

三、解答这类题目需要注意的信息点：

1.日期和数字。

总之，文中的关键词，观点，逻辑和平时的基本常识是解决这类问题的关键。

托福阅读推理题的正向推理与逆向推理

正向推理

正向推理指的是最后的答案往往是和文章所描述的内容一致的，而这种特征一般视为“整体”和“部分”的一致性，所以正向推理也被称为“整体与部分推理”。

正向推理包含两种主要情形，一种叫做给定段里面没有推理对象的情况，另外一种叫做有举例引发的“整体与部分推理”。所谓“整体与部分推理”，就是文章里面讲述一个特质是A，下面选项中的特征也是A，这个特质本身没有变化。文章里面讲什么特质，下面选项中就是什么特质，只不过一个是“整体”，一个是“部分”而已。

逆向推理

“逆向推理”又叫“取非式推理”，文章中讲的是A，下面选项里最终答案是“非A”，此推理包含三种情形。

1.由新时间点引发的逆向推理

比如“now”表示现在，含有典型的暗转折含义。事实上，凡是时间点概念，都暗示着转折。比如说：澳门回归了，这意味着19之前澳门没有回归。这条原则可能听起来怪怪的，但意义重大，以后我们做托福文章要比其他没有经历过严格训练的同学多长一个心眼，但凡是有时间点出现，就意味着前后的特质不一致，而这恰好是考点。

2.由新地点引发的逆向推理

事实上，它和第一点的内涵是一致的，可以被统称为“分类取非”。在文章中经常会出现把一个大类分成两个小类的情况，比如文章里面讲述生物分为两类，一类是动物，一类是植物，这时文章里面会谈到动物和植物的“不同点”而不会是“相同点”。

3.由特定词引发的逆向推理

这一类词包括unlike、without以及所有能够表示“比例”的词等。一般推理题只要找准用来推理的句子，然后按照上面两种方法来做就不会有什么问题了。

只要掌握了这些技巧，当你在做托福阅读时，也能像侦探一样进行“推理”了。

托福阅读推理题的对比取反情况

解答推理题应从识别题型入手。推理题题干中常见表示推理或暗示的词汇：infer，imply，indicate，suggest。然后，仔细阅读题干。最后，根据题干信息研读文章信息以做出推理。

接下来我们通过一些例题来深入解析推理题中对比取反的情况。

1. Paragraph: Two other developments presaged the end of the era of turnpikes and started a transportation revolution that resulted in increased regional specialization and the growth of a national market economy. First came the steamboat; although flatboats and keelboats continued to be important until the 1850s, steamboats eventually superseded all other craft in the carrying of passengers and freight. Steamboats were not only faster but also transported upriver freight for about one tenth of what it had previously cost on hand-propelled keelboats.

1. Which of the following can be inferred from the paragraph about flatboats and keelboats?

A. They ceased to be used as soon as the first turnpikes were built.

B. They were slower and more expensive to operate than steamboats.

C. They were used for long-distance but not for regional transportation.

D. They were used primarily on the Erie Canal.

根据题干信息flatboats and keelboats对应到原文句子Steamboats were not only faster but also transported upriver freight for about one tenth of what it had previously cost on hand-propelled keelboats. 从句子里steamboat以及keelboats之间的faster 以及one tenth of很容易得出B选项。解出答案之后，希望大家思考，这样一道推理题透露了出题人设置题目时的逻辑思维，那就是信息的对比，而且有对比的时候，答案往往会取反面。

2. Paragraph: A symbiotic relationship is an interaction between two or more species in which one species lives in or on another species. There are three main types of symbiotic relationships: parasitism, commensalism, and mutualism. The first and the third can be key factors in the structure of a biological community – that is, all the populations of organisms living together and potentially interacting in a particular area.

1. Which of the following statements about commensalism can be inferred from the paragraph?

A. It excludes interactions between more than two species.

B. It makes it less likely for species within a community to survive.

C. Its significance to the organization of biological communities is small.

D. Its role in the structure of biological populations is a disruptive one.

根据题干信息commensalism对应到原文句子There are three main types of symbiotic relationships: parasitism, commensalism, and mutualism.该句得不出答案，接着看到The first and the third can be key factors in the structure of a biological community;该句告诉我们first and third指代上句中的parasitism和mutualism, 而题干中被问及的commensalism(共栖)恰是三者之中剩余的部分，根据例一中出题人对于对比取反的逻辑设置，显然该题同样取反，既然文中给出一三重要，那么强烈暗示的就是处于第二的commensalism不重要，所以选C。

3. Paragraph: Isotopic analysis of shells allowed geologists to measure another glacial effect. They could trace the growth and shrinkage of continental glaciers, even in parts of the ocean where there may have been no great change in temperature – around the equator, for example. The oxygen isotope ratio of the ocean changes as a great deal of water is withdrawn from it by evaporation and is precipitated as snow to form glacial ice. During glaciations, the lighter oxygen-16 has a greater tendency to evaporate from the ocean surface than the heavier oxygen-18 does. Thus, more of the heavy isotope is left behind in the ocean and absorbed by marine organisms. From this analysis of marine sediments, geologists have learned that there were many shorter, more regular cycles of glaciation and de-glaciation than geologists had recognized from the glacial drift of the continents alone.

1. It can be inferred from paragraph 5 that foraminifera fossil shells containing calcite with high percentages of oxygen-16 were deposited at times when…

A. polar ice extended as far as equatorial regions of land and sea.

B. extensive glaciation was not occurring.

C. there were no great increases in ocean temperature.

D. there was heavy snowfall on continental glaciers.

同样根据题干信息oxygen-16对应到原文During glaciations, the lighter oxygen-16 has a greater tendency to evaporate from the ocean surface than the heavier oxygen-18 does. 句中给出during glaciations的时候oxygen-16会蒸发离开，题干问什么时候oxygen-16 were deposited, 同样还是对比取反，即not during glaciations，对应选项B。

4. Paragraph 2: The areas covered by this material were so vast that the ice that deposited it must have been a continental glacier larger than Greenland or Antarctica. Eventually, Agassiz and others convinced geologists and the general public that a great continental glaciation had extended the polar ice caps far into regions that now enjoy temperate climates. For the first time, people began to talk about ice ages. It was also apparent that the glaciation occurred in the relatively recent past because the drift was soft, like freshly deposited sediment. We now know the age of the glaciation accurately from radiometric dating of the carbon-14 in logs buried in the drift. The drift of the last glaciation was deposited during one of the most recent epochs of geologic time, the Pleistocene, which lasted from 1.8 million to 10,000 years ago. Along the east coast of the United States, the southernmost advance of this ice is recorded by the enormous sand and drift deposits of the terminal moraines that form Long Island and Cape Cod.

1. It can be inferred from paragraph 2 that Agassiz and other geologists of his time were not able to determine…

A. which geographic regions had been covered with ice sheets in the last ice age.

B. the exact dates at which drifts had been deposited during the last ice age.

C. the exact composition of the drifts laid during the last ice age.

D. how far south along the east coast of the United States the ice had advanced during the last ice age.

通过以上的例子，相信大家已经熟悉了推理题中对比取反的逻辑思维。那么最后这一道题，是否能够应用讲解的规律顺利得出正确答案呢?

首先读题干，很多考生会选择Agassiz and other geologists这一信息去对应原文，结果发现无法根据文中对应信息得出正确答案。此时要牢记对比取反的逻辑思维，重新审题发现了of his time这一时间短语与文中的We now know the age of the glaciation accurately from radiometric dating of the carbon-14 in logs buried in the drift.一句里的now构成对比关系。所以根据对比取反的逻辑，既然我们现在才精确知道冰川形成的时间，那么在当时是不知道的，顺利选出B选项。

篇7：托福阅读推断题其实可以这么做

托福阅读推断题其实可以这么做

Paragraph 2 suggests which of the following about X?

Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 2 about X?

According to paragraph 3, what do Y indicate about X?

According to paragraph 4, what does the author imply about X?

题干中有出现infer, imply, indicate或suggest这四个单词，我们就判定这个题目为推断题，那么推断题应该如何解答呢?

第二步，审清题干，原文定位。仔细阅读题干，弄清题干内容，推断方向，带着题干核心信息到文章中准确定位。

第三步，推测+判断。根据相关句进行正向或逆向的推理，最后择优而选，确定答案。

正向推断：和事实信息题做题方法一样，答案就是定位的句子的同义改写。

逆向推断：大致分为两种，一种是时间，第二种是两类事物的对比。

第一种，题干中往往会出现表示时间的信息，比如：after 1932, since early years of the 19thcentury. 例如TPO 20 Passage 1 Western Migration Q1:

What can be inferred from paragraph 1 about western farmers prior to 1815?

m They had limited their crop production to wheat, corn, tobacco and cotton.

m They were able to sell their produce at high prices

m They had not been successful in raising cattle.

m They did not operate in a national market economy.

题干中出现了两个信息，一个是western farmers, 一个是prior to 1815, 带着两条信息去文中定位，定位在第一段第四行，但是文章中没有提到1815年之前，只有1815年之后，答案其实很简单，只要把1815年之后的内容看懂了，并且在这个内容前面加not即可。举个简单的例子，“从现在起Jessica是个姑娘”，“请问你能推断出昨天Jessica怎么了么?”可能很多人想到“是不是Jessica做了变性手术?”，其实这就算过分推断了，答案就是Jessica昨天不是个姑娘。言归正题，文中说到，改善的交通使得越来越多的西部农民摆脱了自给自足的生活，并且进入了国家性的市场经济，那个时候货物的价格很多，所以向西迁移的速率也大幅增长。

托福阅读题型举例分析：推断题

应该说推断题属于难度比较大，混淆选项比较难排除的一种。但如果掌握一定的技巧也不是无章可循。OG的说明是：如果文章提到结果，很可能让你推断原因;如果提到二者比较，很可能问你比较的基础;正确答案不是文章明显提到的，而是明显可以推出来的。最重要的一句话就是：You should be able to defend your choice by pointing to explicitly stated information in the passage that leads to the inference you have selected.正确的答案一定要有原文某句话作支持。这为排除法提供了良好依据。因为错误选项往往就是在句中加入了与原文完全无关的些许成分。这些成分就成了我们戳穿谎言的标准。做这种题一定要本着抬杠的方法，只要说的不完美，含糊不清，故意夸大或隐瞒事实，无中生有，都算错。这种题是我认为最需要感觉的一类题了。

比较容易出推断题的地方，一个明显的标志是时间状语：before 2000， after 1999之类的。很可能就问你what can be inferred about _X after 2000或者before 1999. 看到这样的话，你要小心可能在此出推断题了。OG上的例子就是一个perfect example：

一看见这个题，首先就回到文中找相关信息，关键词：nineteenth century; 只要找到after nineteenth century就可以了。因为这种类型的题，给出时间状语，问某时点之后，文中给出的必然是该时点之前的内容。快速找到第一行和第三行都有19世纪的内容。第一句…。 Was available to all，必然取反，选择19世纪之前，蜡烛是not available to all.而剩下三个错误选项说的全是19世纪以后才出现的内容。

另外，有助于你推断的也有可能是一些表示否定意思的词，比如different from， unlike， in contrast to等等。同样，文中给出诸如Unlike A， B is C的句子。然后题目问What can be inferred about A.那么把C取反，自然就是A的特点了。如OG Practice Set 1的第二题：

阅读的时候，看到unlike就要小心点;或者做第二题的时候，unlike可以帮助你有小定位。说unlike sea otters， it‘s not easy to envision what the first whales looked like. 把这句话后半部分取反，那sea otters 自然是not difficult to imagine. 这也是对not easy to envision的反意paraphrase.

上面这两种应该算是推断题里最简单的，只需取反即可。还有就是纯粹需要靠推断的题了。推断不是臆断，而是必然由文中的信息能够推断出来的。但具体做起来有一定的难度。有些题需要用到简单的逻辑推理，更多的还需要前面提到的排除法。再拿上面文章8题举例：

第一段最后第二行，milksick(A)，是由于喝了病牛牛奶导致，病牛(B)是吃了有毒的叶子得的病(C)， CèB， BèA，则CèA. 而最后一条CèA就是正确答案的意思了。而错误的选项都加入了文中根本没有的元素，如A中的common illness， B中的children， D中的kill cattle，都在文中没有任何相关信息。所以都能够排除掉。

举个不太容易看出来的例子，OG Practice set 2，11题。

用排除法，A里的Government根本没提到。有人可能会说不是说有什么enforced program吗?这就需要抬杠了。非得由政府完成啊?那是你自己主观臆断的。原文根本没提到政府这回事，所以不行。B里的什么in cycle， change原文都没有;D更好抬杠，总不能大海也沙漠化吧。抬杠看似不讲道理，但正确的答案选项，你还真不好抬出杠来。因为都说得比较圆滑比较完善。不信你可以试试。这种方法看似有些荒.唐，但是杠抬得多了，一看就能看出来哪个长得像正确选项了。现在按照OG的方法证明一下正确选项D.这段第一句话说，在一些地区，减缓沙漠化的过程可能会非常困难。这必然说明作者相信沙漠化会继续，不然何谈slow or reverse?

推断题出的类型比较多，我也难以尽述。只能抛砖引玉，希望大家在练习中多找感觉了。极端、简单、假大空、无中生有都是典型的错误形式，而正确的答案看起来都让人很舒服。只要找到这种感觉，这种题不难做。

托福阅读材料：英国王室宣布凯特王妃怀孕(中英对照)

The Royal Family is looking forward to welcoming another prince or princess into the world.

Their rep confirmed to Fox News that Princess Kate and Prince William are expecting their first child.

“Their Royal Highnesses The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge are very pleased to announce that The Duchess of Cambridge is expecting a baby,” the rep said in a statement. “The Queen, The Duke of Edinburgh, The Prince of Wales, The Duchess of Cornwall and Prince Harry and members of both families are delighted with the news.”

The rep also confirmed a bit of scary news, saying Princess Kate had been admitted to the hospital.

“The Duchess was admitted this afternoon to King Edward VII Hospital in Central London with Hyperemesis Gravidarum,” the rep said. “As the pregnancy is in its very early stages, Her Royal Highness is expected to stay in hospital for several days and will require a period of rest thereafter.”

Hyperemesis Gravidarum is very acute morning sickness, which requires supplementaryhydrationand nutrients.

The rep would not say how far along she is, only that she has not yet reached the 12-week mark.

The confirmation of her pregnancy was greeted with congratulations.

Prime Minister David Cameron wrote on Twitter that he was “delighted by the news,” saying the royals “will make wonderful parents.”

自从上周起凯特王妃就频频被传出已经怀孕的消息，不过直到昨日(当地时间12月3日)，这个喜讯才终于得以证实。先是媒体争先报道，之后英国王室也证实了这一消息。

不过就在喜讯传出后不久，凯特就被送进了伦敦King Edward VII医院，原因是她妊娠反应较为严重，早晨起就开始剧烈呕吐。威廉王子紧随爱妻去医院陪护，不过没过太久就离开，看来凯特已无大碍。随后皇室对外又发表了一项声明：“因为王妃还处在怀孕初期，需要密切观察，在接下来的几天里王妃将住在医院进行休养。”

威廉王子与凯特于2011年4月结婚，浪漫而盛大的场面至今让许多人难忘，二人结婚之后感情也一直温馨融洽，他们将迎来第一个宝宝的消息刚一传出就得到了来自世界各地的祝福。

英国首相戴维·卡梅伦在推特上说：“我非常高兴地知道公爵与夫人将迎来他们的孩子，他们将会是非常棒的家长。”英国女歌手谢丽尔·科尔(Cheryl Cole)也兴奋的说：“我们将有一个皇室宝宝了，真是太兴奋了!关系威廉和凯特!”

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