以下是小编整理的语法知识主谓一致的解析，本文共8篇，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。本文原稿由网友“密斯卡”提供。
篇1：语法知识主谓一致的解析
主谓一致
I.要点
谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这叫做主谓一致，主谓一致包括语法一致、意义上一致和就近一致。
1、语法上一致
(1)、以单数名词或代词，动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词要用单数，主语为复数时，谓语用复数，如，
To work hard is necessary for a student.
(2)、用and或both……and连接的并列主语，谓语动词用复数，如，
Both he and I are right.
但并列主语如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数，如, His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl.
(3)、主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有as well as, but ,except, besides, with ,along with, together with, like等，谓语动词仍用单数，如，
The teacher as well as his students is excited.
(4)、某些不定代词，如做主语，谓语动词要用单数，如:Everyone has a book.
(5)、一些只有复数形式的名词，如people, cattle, clothes等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数，如，A lot of people are dancing outside.
2、意义上一致
(1)、表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数，如，
Twenty years is not a long time.
(2)、表示总称意义的名词public, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时，谓语动词用复数，如，
People are talking about the accident.
(3)、有些集合名词，如family, team等作主语，如作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数，如指其中每个成员，则用复数，如，
My family is a big one.
My family are watching TV.
3、邻近一致
用连词or, either……or, neither……nor, whether……or, not only…but also,等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，则谓语动词按就近一致原则，与最靠近它的主语一致，如，
Either you or I am mad.
II.例题
例1、The chemical works _______ where my father has worked for thirty years in 1949.
A. was built B. were built C. is built D. are built
解析：该题答案为A。works形式上是复数，意思上是单数，因此谓语动词用单数，类似的还有news, maths, politics, physics.
例2、They each _______ a copy of the new physics.
A. have B. has C. having D. gets
解析：该题答案为A。They each不等于each of …, each of 这个词组作主语谓语用单数如each of the students hands in their homework，而they each作主语，谓语要随each前面的词来变化。
篇2：语法重点之一：主谓一致
主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。对大多数人来说，往往会在掌握主语和随后的谓语动词之间的一致问题上遇到困难。一般情况下，主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则支配：
语法一致原则 (grammatical concord)
意义一致原则 (notional concord)
就近一致原则 (principle of proximity)
（一）语法一致原则
用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致，就是语法一致。也就是说，如果名词中心词是单数，动词用单数形式；如果名词中心词是复数，动词用复数形式。例如：
this table is a genuine antique.
both parties have their own advantages.
her job has something to do with computers.
she wants to go home.
they are divorcing each other.
mary was watching herself in the mirror.
the bird built a nest.
susan comes home every week-end.
（二）意义一致原则
有时，主语和谓语动词的一致关系取决于主语的单、复数意义，而不是语法上的单、复数形式，这样的一致关系就是意义一致。例如：
democratic government gradually take the place of an all-powerful monarchy.
a barracks was attacked by the guerrilla.
mumps is a kind of infectious disease.
the united states is a developed country.
it is the remains of a ruined palace.
the archives was lost.
this pair of trousers costs fifty dollars.
（三）就近原则
有时，谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语。 例如：
either my grandsons or their father is coming.
no one except his daughters agree with him.
mary and her sisters are baking a cake.
neither richard nor i am going.
二、以集合名词做主语的主谓一致问题
有些集合名词，committee,council,crew,crowd,family,gang,government,group,mob,staff,team, union等，在意义上是复数，但在语法形式上是单数，这类名词作主语的主谓一致问题往往遵循“语法一致”或“意义一致”原则。例如：
the committee has/have decided to dismiss him.
a council of elders governs the tribe.
the present government is trying to control inflation.
the school staff are expected to supervise school meals.
（一）通常作复数的集体名词
包括police,people, cattle, militia, vermin等，这些集体名词通常用作复数。 例如：
the british police have only very limited powers.
the militia were called out to guard the borderland.
it seems the cattle on the sides of the dikes were the only living creatures in these desolate surroundings.
（二）通常作不可数名词的集体名词
通常作不可数名词的集体名词，包括poultry,foliage，machinery, equipment,furniture, merchandise等,这类名词后的动词用单数形式。 例如：
poultry is expensive at this time of year. that green foliage was restful.
the merchandise has arrived undamaged.
all the machinery in the factory is made in china.
the suite of furniture he bought was of contemporary style.
the equipment of the photographic studio was expensive.
（三）可作单数也可作复数的集体名词
可作单数也可作复数的集体名词,包括audience, committee, crew, family, government,jury等。 例如：
the audience was/were enthusiastic on the opening night of the play.
the committee has/have decided to dismiss him.
the jury is/are about to announce the winners.
the government has/have discussed the matter for a long time.
三、a committee, etc of +复数名词的主谓一致问题
如果主语是由a committee of /a panel of /a (the) board of +复数名词构成，随后的动词通常用单数。 例如：
a committee of twelve men is to discuss the matter.
a panel of experts has considered the situation.
the board of managers is responsible for the firm.
四、以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题
英语可数名词的规则复数形式是在词尾加-s或-es，但是有一些以-s结尾的名词并不是可数名词。它们用法多样，造成了实际使用上的困难，以下详述了以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题。
（一）以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题
（二）以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语的主谓一致问题
（三）以-s结尾的地理名称作主语的主谓一致问题
（四）以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语的主谓一致问题
（五）其它以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致问题
（一）以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题
以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题,如：arthritis,bronchitis,diabetes,mumps,phlebitis,rickets,这类以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语时，谓语动词通常用作单数。 例如：
arthritis causes great pain in the joints of the patient.
the diabetes is a kind of chronic disease.
measles usually occurs in children.
phlebitis is a swollen condition of the blood vessels.
（二）以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语的主谓一致问题
以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语时，谓语动词通常用作单数。
例如：
darts is basically a easy game.
marbles is not confined to children.
skittles is not fashionable nowadays.
draughts is not very difficult to learn.
但当darts，marbles等的意义为游戏器具而非游戏名称时，谓语动词通常用作复数。 例如：
three darts are thrown at each turn.
all nine skittles were brought down by the good throw.
（三）以-s结尾的地理名称作主语的主谓一致问题
某些以-s结尾的地理名称，如果是国名，如the united states，the netherlands等，因其是单一政治实体，所以谓语动词用作单数。 例如：
the united states was hit by the great depression in 1930s’.
in early january the netherlands was hit by its worst storm since 1976.
但如果是群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等地理名称作主语，谓语动词用作复数。 例如：
the west indies are commonly divided into two parts.
the himalayas have a magnificent variety of plant.
the straits of gibraltar have not lost their strategic importance.
the niagara falls are perhaps the most splendid waterfall in the world.
（四）以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语的主谓一致问题
某些以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语时，如physics,mathematics,mechanics, optics, acoustics, politics statistics, economics, linguistics, athletics等, 谓语动词通常用作单数。 例如：
physics is a fundamental subject in science.
the third world economics is promising.
acoustics studies the science of sound.
mathematics is an interesting subject.
athletics is a required course for students of all grades.
但如果这类名词表示学科以外的其它含义，可作复数用。 例如：
athletics have been greatly encouraged at this college.
the acoustics of the new concert hall are perfect.
the economics of the project are still at issue.
（五）其它以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致问题
a.以-s结尾的由两部分组成的物体名称作主语
英语中有一些通常以-s结尾的由两部分组成的物体名词，如glasses, pincers,pliers,scissors, shorts,suspenders,trousers等，这类名词做主语，如果不带“一把”、“一副”等单位词，谓语动词通常用复数。 例如：
mary’s glasses are new.
john’s trousers are black.
如果带有单位词， 则由单位词决定动词的单、复数形式。 例如：
one pair of pincers isn’t enough.
two pairs of scissors are missing from my tool box.
b.其他以-s结尾的名词
英语中还有一些以- s结尾的名词，如archives，arms,clothes, contents, eaves, fireworks, goods, minutes, morals, remains stairs, suburbs, thanks,wages这类名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数。 例如：
the archives of the country are kept in the department of security.
the contents of the book are most amusing.
high wages often result in high prices.
my thanks are sincere.
五、如果句子的主语是并列结构，其主谓一致问题通常遵循以下原则：
（一）由and/both...and连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题
（二）由or/nor/either...or连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题
（三）主语 + as much as,etc的主谓一致问题
（一）由and/both...and连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题
由and/both...and连接的并列结构作主语，可根据主语的意义决定谓语动词的单、复数形式。 例如：
pancakes and syrup is a tasty breakfast.
the number and diversity of british newspaper is considerable.
good and bad taste are inculcated by example.
fish and chips are getting very expensive.
a truck and a car were in the ditch.
both cathy and her daughter lida have gone fishing in canada.
当and连接的并列名词词组带有each，every,或者many a 等限定词时，谓语动词通常用单数。 例如：
each man and each woman there is asked to help.
every flower and every bush is to be cut down.
every change of season, every change of weather, indeed every hour of the day, produces some change in the magical hues and shapes of these mountains.
many a boy was disappointed after seeing the film.
（二）由or/nor/either...or连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题
由or,nor,either...or, neither...nor,not only...but also连接的并列结构作主语，随后的动词形式通常按照“就近原则”处理。 例如：
neither lucy nor carol has any money left.
neither sleet nor snow stops him from driving his new mercedes-benz.
either tina or carol is sure to know the answer.
neither my father nor my brothers are likely to be at theater.
neither the kansas coach nor the players were confident of victory.
not only one, but all of us are hoping to be there.
not only the switches but also the old wiring has been stolen.
（三）主语 + as much as,etc的主谓一致问题
当主语后面跟有由as much as, rather than , more than, no less than 等引导的从属结构，或跟有由as well as, in addition to ,with, along with, together with, except等引导的词组时， 其后的动词形式取决主语的形式。 例如：
the vessel, with its entire crew and cargo was lost.
the ocean, as well as the gulf and the bay, provides good fishing.
john, rather than his roommates, is to blame.
hugh,as well as his two sisters, is vacationing in wyoming this summer.
some of the employees as much as the manager were responsible for the failure.
my husband,more than anyone else in the family, is longing to go there again.
billy, together with his sisters, was wounded in the accident.
no one except two girls was late for school.
六、以表示数量概念的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题
数量概念分两类：一类是确定数量，如 two years, five seconds,three kilos,等，另一类是非确定数量，如all of..., some of..., none of...。如果用这类表示数量概念的名词词组作主语，会产生主谓一致问题。
（一）以表示确定数量的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题
（二）以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题
（一）以表示确定数量的名词词组作主语
当主语为表示确定数量的名词词组时，如果数量概念被看做一个整体，动词用单数，如果被看做组成该数量的个体，动词用复数。 例如：
the treasurer considered that twenty dollars was not too much to ask.
“two months is too short a time,” general manager warned, “we must hurry up.”
three weeks is needed to complete the task.
there were six silver dollars in each of the stockings.
three pints is not enough to get him drunk.
a total of 50,000 new bicycles was registered in the year.
如果作主语的名词词组是由“分数/百分数+ of”词组构成，其动词形式 取决于of词组中名词的类别。
例如：
two-thirds of the people present is against the plan.
three-fourths of the surface of the earth is covered by sea.
over twenty percent of the city was destroyed in the war.
forty-five percent of the doctors were woman.
两数相减或相除，谓语动词用单数；两数相加或相乘，谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数。 例如：
sixty minus seventeen leaves forty-three.
forty-two divided by six is seven.
six and eight makes/make fourteen.
six times eight is/are forty-eight.
如果主语由“one in/one out of + 复数名词” 构成，在正式语体中，动词用单数。 例如：
one in ten students has passed the examination.
one out of twelve bottles was left intact.
（二）以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题
如果主语由 “a portion of, a series of, a pile of, a panel of +名词”或由“a kind/sort/type of, this kind/sort/type of+名词” 构成，谓语动词通常用单数。 例如：
a panel of us has decided to hire a boat and travel through holland by canal.
a pile of apple logs was set beside the hearth.
a portion of reports is deceiving.
this kind of cars is rather expensive.
this type of women is dangerous.
that type of machines is up-to-date.
如果主语是由“many a +名词“ 或“more than one +名词”构成，随后的动词遵循“语法一致”原则，用单数。 例如：
many a person in these circumstances has hoped for a long break.
many a man has his own responsibility.
more than one student has failed the exam.
more than one ship was lost this year.
如果主语是all of, some of,none of, half of, most of,lots of,loads of ,plenty of,等表示非确定数量的名词词组，谓语动词的单、复数形式根据 of词组中名词类别而定。 例如：
most of the money was recovered by deputy player.
all of the cargo was lost.
some of the books were badly torn.
none of my friends ever come to see me.
half of the building was destroied during the war.
half of the students are eager to leave now.
lots of people are waiting outside.
loads of apples have been distributed among the children.
plenty of water was prepared for irrigation.
篇3：高中英语主谓一致语法
规则
情 况
举 例
语
法
一
致
原
则
以单数名词或代词动词不定式短语，动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词
用复数形式。
His father is working on the farm.
To study English well is not easy.
Readingin the sun is bad for your eyes.
What he said is very important for us all.
由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。
what I bought were three English books.
What I say and do is (are) helpful for you.
由连接词and或both…and连接起来的主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。但若所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物
时，它后面的谓语就用单数形式。由and 连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every 或more than a (an)/one,many a (an) 修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。either, neither, each, every 或no+单数名词和由some, any no, every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。.
Lucy and Lily are twins
The writer and artist has come.
Every student and every teach is in the classroom.
Many a boy and many a girl likes it.
No boy and no girl likes it.
Each of us has a new book. Is everyone here today?
Somebody is speaking in class. Everything around us is matter
若none of 后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数。若它后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。
None of the sugar was left.
None of us has (have) been to America.
在定语从句里，关系代词that, who, which 等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。
Those who want to go please write their names on the blackboard.
He is one of my friends who are working hard.
He is the (only) one of my friends who is working hard.
在强调句型中应与被强调部分一致
It is I who am going to the cinema tonight.
It is we whoare going to the cinema tonight.
如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数形式；如果它指的集体的成员，其谓语动词用复数形式
The police are looking for the lost child.
The cattle are eating grass in the field.
His family has moved to the south .(他的一家)
His family are watching TV.（他的家人）
Class four is on the third floor.（四班）
Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor.（四班的学生）
由a lot of /lots of/ plenty of/ a heap of/ heaps of/ the rest of/the majority of+名词构成的短语以及由分数或百分数+名词构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。
There are a lot of people in the classroom.
Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.
50 percent of the students in our class are girls.
此外，还有a number of +复数名词有类似的用法（用复数），但the number of +复数名词的数就得依number 而定（用单数）。
A number of students have gone to the farm to help the farmer pick apples.
The number of pages in this book is three hundred.
在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致
There comes the bus. On the wall are many pictures.
Such is the result. Such are the facts.
Between the two hills stands a monument.
逻
辑
意
义
一
致
原
则
What, who, which, any, more, all 等代词可以是单数，也可是复数，主要靠意思来决定。
Which is your bag? Which are your bags?
Are any of you good at English? Has any of you got a pen?
All can be done has been done. All is going well.
All have been taken out. All have gone to Beijing.
表示时间重量长度价值等的名词的复数作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式，这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体。
Thirty minutes is enough for the work..
Twenty pounds is too dear.
如强调这类词的复数意义，则谓语动词要用复数形式
Forty kilos of water are used every day.
若英语是书名名格言剧名报名国名等的复数形式，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。
The United States is smaller than China.
“The Arabian Nights” is an interesting story-book.
表数量的短语“one and a half”后面接复数名词作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。
One and a half apples is left on the table.
一些学科名词是以-ics结尾，如：mathematics, politics, physics 以及news, works 等。都属于形式上是复数的名词，实际意义为单数名词，
它们作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。
The paper works was built in 1990.这家造纸厂建于1990年。
I don’t think physics is easy to study.
trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes, scissors (剪刀)等词作主语时，谓语用复数，但如果这些名词前有a(the) pair of 等量词修饰时（clothes被a suit of 修饰）谓语动词用单数。
My glasses are broken.
The pair of shoes under the bed is his.
“定冠词the+形容词或分词”，表示某一类人动词用复数；若表示某一类东西时，动词用单数。
The old are taken good care of there.
The beautiful gives pleasure to all.
就
近
/远
一
致
原
则
当两个主语由either or, neither nor, not only but also ,whether or 连接时，谓语动词和邻近的主语保持一致,即就近一致。
Either the teacher or the students are our friends.
Neither he nor they are wholly right.
Neither they nor he is wholly right.
Is neither he nor they wholly right?
there be 句型中be 动词的单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and 连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致，即就近一致。
There are two chairs and a desk in the room.
There is a desk and two chairs in the room.
主语后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, no less than, rather than, more than, besides, along with, including, in addition to 等引起的短语，谓语动词要跟主语一致，即就远一致。
Mr. Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China.
A woman with a baby was on the bus.
Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground.
She, like you and Tom, is very tall.
The girls as well as the boy have learned to speak Japanese.
No one except my teachers knows anything about it.
篇4：语法教案：数词和主谓一致
分类说明
一、数词分为基数词、序数词、分数、小数和概数。复习时要注意下面问题：
1．基数词的意义：表示事物数量的多少，特别是hundred，thousand，million等，前面若有基数词或某些表示数量的形容词时，它们只能用单数；
2．序数词的意义：表示事物的顺序，前面一般要加定冠词；
3．分数的形式：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当基数词大于“1”时，序数词后要用复数形式；
4．小数的组成和读法：小数点读作point，小数点前面的数按基数词的方法读，小数点后面的数按数字读；
5．概数
(1)概数的表示：tens of／hundreds of／thousands of／millions of／dozens of／scores of／a number of／a quantity of／a few／a little／a great deal of／a great(good)many
(2)概数的注意事项：
概数前面不能有确切的数字，但tens of／hundreds of／thousands of／millions of／dozens of／scores of前面可有many，several，some等修饰词：tens of／hundreds of／thousands of／millions of／dozens of／sc0Iles of／a number of／a few／a great(good)many一般只修饰可数名词复数；
a little／a great deal of只修饰不可数名词；
a quantity of／a lot of／lots of／plenty of既可修饰可数名词复数，又可修饰不可数名词；
few／little形式上是肯定，而意义上是否定；a few／a little才表示肯定的意义。
6．倍数的表示：
(1)倍数(twice，…times)+as+形容词原级+as．．．
(2)倍数+形容词的比较级+than．．．
(3)倍数+the+ n．(size／length／height／width／weight)+of
二．主谓一致 、
1．主谓一致的原则：形式一致；内容一致；就近一致。
2．主谓一致的特例： ．
(1)代词作主语 ’
A．主语是he，she，it，either，neither，each，one，the other，another，anything，anyone，something，someone，somebody，everybody，everyone，everything，nobody，no one，nothing等代词时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
B．主语是I(除be动词用am外)，you，we，they时，谓语动词用第三人称复数形式。
C．主语是who，what，which，all，more，most，some，any，none，the rest．the remainder时，谓语动词的形式应依具体情况而定。
(2)名词作主语
A．一般说来，不可数名词及可数名词的单数作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
B．表示总称意义的名词public，people(人们，人民)，cattle，police，youth作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称复数形式。
C．主语是board，family，class，team，group，crowd，audience，company，crew，committee，enemy，government，herd，jury，party等名词时，如果是作为整体，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；如果作为其中一个个的成员，谓语动词用第三人称复数形式。
D. 主语是时间、距离、价格、度量衡单位等名词或短语时，即使是复数，谓语动词也只能用第三人称单数形式。
E．主语是news，politics，physics，plastics，mathematics等名词时，谓语动词也只能用第三人称单数形式。
F．主语若是书名，剧名，报刊、杂志名称或国家、单位名称时，即使名词是复数形式，谓语动词也只能用第三人称单数形式。
G．在算式里，主语是数词时，谓语动词也只能用第三人称单数形式。
H．主语是clothes，compasses，goods，glasses，trousers，scissors，shoes，socks，gloves等名词时，谓语动词用第三人称复数形式。
I．主语是a lot of，lots of，plenty，百分比of+名词时，谓语动词的形式须依照名词的数而确定。
J．主语是kind of，type of，pair of，amount of，quantity of+名词时，谓语动词的形式v须依照kind，type，amount，pair，quantity的数而确定。
K．主语是the number of+名词的复数时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
L主语是a number of+名词复数时，谓语动词用第三人称复数形式。
M．主语是a／the population时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
N．主语是分数+population时，谓语动词用第三人称复数形式。
O．主语是means，works，sheep，fish，Japanese，Chinese等名词时，谓语动词的形式须依照它们在句中的意义来确定。
P．用引号引起来的词、短语、句子作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称复数形式。
(3)两个或两个以上的名词连在一起作主语
A．and，both…and连接名词或代词作主语，谓语一般用复数形式。
B．and连接的两个成对的名词，如bread and butter；soda and water；coffee and water；aim and end；salt and water等，虽有and连接，但仍表示单一的概念，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。
C．and连接的两个名词若是指同一个人，即：and前的名词前有冠词，而and后面的名词前没有冠词。谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。
D．and所连接的两个名词前分别有：every，each，no，many a等修饰时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。，
E．主语是连接词or，either．．．or…，neither．．．nor．．．，whether．．．or…，not…but…，not only…but also…等连接的名词或代词时，谓语动词的形式应由与之最接近的名词或代词决定。
F．主语是介词in，out of，with，except，besides，without，as well as，no less than，rather than，more than，but，along with，together with，like，including，in addition to等连接的两个名词时，谓语动词的形式应与这些词前面的名词的数保持一致。
G．one and a half+名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
H．many a+名词单数；more than one+名词单数；a+名词单数+or two等作句子的主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
I．one or two+名词复数作句子的主语时，谓语动词用第三人称复数形式。
(4)The+形容词作主语
A．The+形容词指人作主语时，谓语动词一般用第三人称复数形式。
B．The+形容词指抽象概念作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
(5)主语是句子、短语
A．主语是非谓语动词短语时，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。
B．主语是从句时，谓语动词一般用第三人称单数形式；但what，who引导的从句作主语时，若指具体的东西或人，谓语动词可用第三人称复数形式。
C．在强调句型“It+ be+被强调的部分+that／who…”中，be总是用单数形式；that／who后的谓语动词的形式必须跟被强调的主语保持一致。
D．定语从句中谓语动词的形式必须跟先行词的单、复数形式保持一致。
注意：在“one of+名词复数+定语从句”结构中，定语从句的谓语动词一般用第三人称复数形式，但当one前面有the，the very，the less，the only或形容词最高级修饰时，定语从句的谓语动词一般用第三人称单数形式。
E．there be结构中be动词的形式由紧接be后面的名词的形式所决定。
F．在某些虚拟语气的句子中，无论主语是什么，be动词总是为were的形式。
回放真题
真题1(福建卷24)
She has set a new record，that is, the sales of her latest book _______ 50 million．
A．have reached B．has reached C．aye reaching D．had reached
【答案及解析】 A根据句子的意思，谓语应用复数形式，用现在完成时态表示动作的持续性，故选A。
真题2(2004广西卷33)
It is reported that the United States uses ________energy as the whole of Europe．
A．as twice B．twice much C．twice much as D．twice as much
【答案及解析】 D本题考查倍数关系的表达。有三种表达方式：1．倍数+as + adj +as+其它；2．倍数+比较级+than+其它；3．倍数+the height／size／weight／length／…+ of+其它。由此可知本题正确答案为D。
真题3(2004北京卷28)
The teacher，with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class， ________visiting a museum when the earthquake struck．
A．was B．were C．had been D．would be
【答案及解析】 A名词、代词与介词短语连用作主语时，谓语动词的形式由介词前面的名词、代词确定。因此本题答案为A，意思是：当地震发生的时候，老师带着班上的6个女孩和8个男孩正在参观一家博物馆。
真题4(2004上海春季卷30)
No one in the department but Tom and I ______that the director is going to resign．
A．knows B．know C．have known D．am to know
【答案及解析】 A本题考查的是主谓一致。这个句子的主语是no one，而不是Tom and I，主语后面接说明主语的修饰语，如用with，a10ng with，together with，as well as，like，rather than，more than but except，besides，including，in addition to与修饰语连接，谓语动词不受修饰成份的影响，仍与主语保持一致。
真题5(北京卷34)
He did it ________it took me．
A．one．third a time B．one-third time
C．the one．third time D．one-third the time
【答案及解析】D考查倍数的用法。译文：他做这件事只用了我(做这件事)三分之一的时间。这句话带了一个定语从句，修饰the time，只是没有关系词。定语从句先行词为time，moment时，常不用关系词。
真题6(2003上海卷31)
The house rent is expensive．I’ve got about half the space I had at home and I’m paying _________here．
A．as three times much B．as much three times
c．much as three times D．three times as much
【答案及解析】D考查比较句的语序。对于比较句，“量”应放在谓语之后as
之前，因此选D。
真题7(2003上海春季卷28)
When and where to go for the on salary holiday ________yet．
A．are not decided B．have not been decided
C. is not being decided D. has not been decided
【答案及解析】 D根据副词yet可确定用现在完成时。
真题8( 上海春季卷26)
He is the only one of the students who ____a winner of scholarship for three years.
A. is B. are C. have been D. has been
【答案及解析】 D这是一个定语从句。在one前是否有定冠词决定定语从句中的谓语动词的单复数形式，one of the students中的先行词是the students，定语从句中的谓语动词要用复数形式。The only one of the students中的先行词是The only one，定语从句中的谓语动词要用单数形式。又因“for three years”是完成时的标志，所以答案为D。
真题9( 上海卷23)
As a result of destroying the forests, a large ________ of desert ________covered the land.
A. number, has B. quantity, has C. number, have D. quantity, have
【答案及解析】B 译文：破坏森林的结果是大片沙漠覆盖了陆地。
真题10(2001上海春季卷25)
________people in the world are sending information by e-mail every day.
A. Several million B. Many million
C. Several millions D. Many millions
【答案及解析】A 在million，hundred等前如果有具体数字或 several等词时，要用单数形式。many一般不与million等词连用。但在表示不确切数目时用复数，如：表示“数百万”，英语为millions of。译文：每天，世界上有几十万人通过e-mail传递信息。答案为A。
真题l1(0上海卷26)
________of the land in that district ________covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifth, is B. Two fifth, are
C. Two fifths, is D. Two fifths, are
【答案及解析】C 分数的分子用基数词，分母用序数词表示。如果分子大于1，序数词后加-s。分数和百分比作主语时，谓语动词的形式取决于分数和百分数后的名词。句子中的主语land是单数，所以谓语动词要用is covered。
篇5：读名言 学语法：主谓一致
英语句子中，主语的“人称”和“数”要限制、决定谓语动词的形式变化，这就叫“主谓一致”关系。它通常依据三项原则：语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。
主语为可数名词单数，谓语动词用单数。
that thing which is rare is dear.
物以稀为贵。
time is money.
时间就是金钱。
tomorrwo never comes.
切莫信赖明天。
主语为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。
money is not everything.
金钱不是一切。
silence is golden.
沉默是金。
truth speaks in a language that is simple and direct.
真理用简单明快的语言说话。
主语为可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数。
opportunities do not wait.
机会不等人。
painted pictures are silent speakers.
绘画是无声的语言。
roses have thorns.
玫瑰多刺。
tears and laughter are the language of the heart.
眼泪和笑声是表现内心的语言。
walls have ears.
隔墙有耳。
bad excuses are worse than none.
狡辩比不辩护更糟。
主语为不可数名词，谓语动词用复数。
patience, time and money overcome everything.
有了耐心、时间和金钱，就没办不到的事情。
time and tide wait for no man.
岁月不待人。
主语为几个可数名词单数，谓语动词用复数。
a wise man and a fool together know more than a wise man alone.
一个聪明人和一个傻子在一起，要比单独一个聪明人知道的要多。
涉及群体名词，就具体分析。
the best fish smell when they are three days old.
再好的鱼三天也要变臭。
靠近原则。
there are tricks in every trade.
各行有各行的窍门。
there is a road from heart to heart.
两心之间有通道。
某些不定代词或人称代词，谓语动词视情况而定。
every pleasure has a pain.
乐中有悲。
each man has his limitation.
人人都有自己的局限性。
everyhing has its time.
物皆有时。
all is well that ends well.
结果好，一切都好。
all are not merry that dance slightly.
跳着轻快舞步的人不一定都快乐。
nothing is cheap if you don't want it.
不需要的东西，再便宜也贵。
修饰主语的短语不影响主语的单复数，谓语动词仍按主语进行判断。
the first problem for all of us, men and women, is not to learn but to unlearn.
对于我们所有的人来说，不论男人和女人，首要的问题，不是学习，而是抛弃谬误。
主语为从句和非谓语动词时，谓语动词用单数。
what we do willingly is easy.
愿帮就不难。
saving is getting.
节约好比聚宝盆。
篇6：主谓一致英语基础语法
1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数
Reading and writing are very important.
注意： 当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。
The iron and steel industry is very important to our life.
典型例题
The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
答案B. 注： 先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C.。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别， monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。
2 主谓一致中的靠近原则
1)当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk..
There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.
2)当either… or… 与neither… nor， 连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。 如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。
Either you or she is to go.
Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you.
3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致
当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.
He as well as I wants to go boating.
4 谓语需用单数
1) 代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语，或主语中含有each, every, 谓语需用单数。
Each of us has a tape-recorder.
There is something wrong with my watch.
2) 当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数。
The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English.
<<天方夜谭>>是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书。
3) 表示金钱，时间，价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语 时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数。(用复数也可，意思不变。)
Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.
Ten yuan is enough.
5 指代意义决定谓语的单复数
1) 在代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。
All is right. (一切顺利。)
All are present. (所有人都到齐了。)
2) 集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后用复数形式时，意为这个集体中的各个成员，用单数时表示该个集体。
His family isn't very large. 他家不是一个大家庭。
His family are music lovers. 他的家人都是音乐爱好者。
但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。
Are there any police around?
3)有些名词，如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数，有时看作复数。
A number of +名词复数+复数动词。
The number of +名词复数+单数动词。
A number of books have lent out.
6 与后接名词或代词保持一致
1) 用half of, part of, most of, a portion of 等词引起主语时，动词通常与of后面的名词，代词保持一致。
Most of his money is spent on books.
Most of the students are taking an active part in sports.
2) 在一些短语，如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的词作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式。但由more than… of 作主语时，动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。
Many a person has read the novel. 许多人都读过这本书。
More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的学生都来自这个城市。
篇7：主谓一致语法练习题及答案
主谓一致语法练习题及答案
Part 1
( ) 1. -Have you got some water to drink?
-Here you are. There___ still some in the bottle.
A. are B. were C. is D. was
( ) 2 ._____ there many American friends in the school last Friday?
A. Is B. Was C. Are D. Were
( ) 3. There ____ a great many accidents last year.
A. were B. are C. is D. was
( ) 4 .-How many children ____ in the picture?
-Three.
A. has there B. is there C. have there D. are there
Part 2
( ) 1. In 1850, about a third of U. S. A___ covered by forests.
A. were B. has been C. / D. was
( ) 2. Most of our earth____ covered by water.
A. are B. is C. was D. were
( ) 3. Sunday ____ the first day of the week.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
( ) 4.Neither___right.
A. answers are B. answers aren't C. answer is D. answer isn't
Part 3
( ) 1. The population of the world ____ still ____ now.
A. has; grown B. will; grow C. is; growing D. is grown
( ) 2.There ____ many people running in the park every morning.
A. is B. were C. are D. have
( ) 3. These police often___the children across the street.
A. help B. helps C. helping D. is helping
Part 4
( ) 1. ___ going to England by air next week.
A. The Green family are B. The Greens family are
C. The Green's family are D. Green family are
( ) 2.The whole family ____ enjoying the beautiful music now.
A. is all B. all is C. all are D. are all
( ) 3.Our class ___ big.
A. is B. are C. were D. will
Part 5
( ) 1. Neither he nor I ____ from Canada. We are from Australia.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
( ) 2. Either you or he ____ right.
A. are B. is C. does D. were
( ) 3. Neither Mary nor her brother____ good at singing.
A. is B. are C. is not D. are not
( ) 4. Not only Tom but also Alice and Mary ____ busy.
A. is B. was C. are D. has
Part 6
( ) 1. Physics ___ interesting to us.
A. are B. has C. is D. were
( ) 2. The news____ exciting. We got excited at it.
A. is B. was C. were D. are
( ) 3. Though mathematics____ hard, we all work at it hard.
A. are B. were C. was D. is
参考答案：
1. 1 -4 C D A D
2. 1-4 D B A C
3. 1 -3 C C A
4. 1 -3 A D A
5. 1 -4 C B A C
6. 1 -3 C B D
篇8：语法讲座之主谓一致
基本概念
1、定义：所谓“主谓一致”，就是指谓语在人称和数上必须受主语的人称和数的支配。这是英语和汉语在构句里的又一迥异之处。
2、主谓一致的种类：
⑴ 语法形式上的一致
主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词为复数形式。如：
I often help him and he often helps me. 我经常帮助他，他经常帮助我。
We often help each other and learn from each other.我们经常互相帮助，互相学习。
⑵ 意义上的一致
a.主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。如：
The crowd were surrounding the government official. 人群包围住了这位政府官员。
单数形式代表复数内容的词有：people, police, cattle等。如：
The Chinese people are brave and hard-working. 中国人民勇敢而又勤劳。
b.主语形式为复数，而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数。如：
Great Expectations was written by Charles Dickens in 1860. 《远大前程》是查尔斯狄更斯1860年所著。
形复意单的单词有：news，works 和一些以s结尾的书名、组织机构的名称（如：“The Selected Poems of Li Bai”，the United States, the United Nations）以及以ics结尾的学科名称（如：physics，politics，maths，economics等）。
⑶ 就近原则
就近原则即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。
a. 并列主语用连词or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also等连接，谓语应同相邻的主语保持人称和数的一致。如：
Not only the students but also the teacher enjoys listening to the music.
不仅学生而且这位老师也喜欢听这种音乐。
Are either you or he wrong? 要么是你错，要么是他错吗？
b. 在there be 表存在的句式中，主语是两个或多个名词（短语）的并列时，be 的形式与最前边的一个名词（短语）一致。如：
There is a pen, two knives and several books on the table.
═ There are two knives, a pen and several books on the table.桌子上有一支钢笔、两把小刀和几本书。
C. 副词或介词短语在句首的倒装句中，必须认准哪是主语。如：
Between the two buildings stands a monument. 两幢楼之间耸立着一块纪念碑。
On the ship were over 2,200 people. More than 1,500 people lost their lives. Among those was the young woman. 船上有2,2001人, 1,500多人丧生，这位年轻妇女也在其中。
重点疑难
名词作主语
1、某些集体名词，如family, team等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
My family is large. 我的家庭是个大家庭。 （看作一整体）
My family all like music. 我的家人都喜欢音乐。 （指家庭中一个个成员之和）
属于这类的集体名词还有：audience, class, club, company, crew, crowd, group, government,party, public, staff 等。
名词population一词的使用情况类似。如：
The population of the earth is increasing very fast. 地球上的人口数增长很快 。
One third of the population in this country enjoy drinking coffee. 这国三分之二的人喜欢喝咖啡。
“a group(crowd) of＋复数名词”等短语之后的谓语动词也同样可用单数或复数，前者强调整体，后者强调各个部分。
2、单、复数同形的名词作主语时，按意义一致的原则。作单数意义时，谓语动词用单数，反之，谓语动词用复数。这类名词有：sheep, fish, deer, means(方法), works(工厂), Chinese, Japanese等。如：
Every means has been tried out without much result.每一种方法都试过了却没什么结果。
All means have been tried out without much result. 所有方法都试过了却没什么结果。
This shoe works was set up in 1980. 这家鞋厂建于1980年。
Those shoe works were all set up in 1980. 这些鞋厂都建于1980年。
当它们前面有a, such a, this, that修饰时，谓语用单数；有all, such, these, those修饰时，谓语用复数。
3、名词所有格之后的名词被省略，这种情况一般指商店、工场、住宅等，作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。如：
My doctors is not far from my home. 我的家庭医生诊所离我家不远。
My uncles is just across the street. 我叔叔家在街对面。
常见的省略名词有：the bakers, the barbers, the carpenters, the Smiths 等等。
表示店铺的名词一般作集体名词看待，但作主语时，谓语动词常常用复数。如：
Richardsons have a lot of goods to sell. Richardson的店里有许多货可卖。
4、当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间等复数名词时，往往可以根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Two hours is enough for me to finish the work. 两小时对我来说完成这项工作足够了。
Two hundred dollars gives Jack much help. 两百美元帮了Jack大忙。
5、如果主语有more than one… 或many a…构成，尽管从意义上看是复数内容，但它的谓语动词仍然用单数形式。如：
More than one comrade has asked to stay. 不止一位同志已经要求留下。
Many a passenger was killed in the accident. 许多乘客在这一次事故中丧生。
但是“more＋复数名词＋than one”结构及“more than one hundred＋复数名词”结构之后，谓语动词一般用复数形式。如：
More members than one are against your plan. 不止一位成员反对你的计划。
6、不定代词each, every, no所修饰的名词及each…and each…, every…and every…, no…and no…, many a …and many a…结构作主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。如：
Every man and every woman is at work. 所有男的和女的都在工作。
Many a desk and many a bench is to be taken out of the hall. 许多课桌和凳子将被搬出大厅。
7、表示成双成套的名词，如：chopsticks (筷子), compasses, clothes, glasses, jeans, scissors, shoes, socks, trousers等，作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式；但如与a kind of, a pair of, the pair of, a series of 连用，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
The trousers are in the drawer. 裤子在抽屉里。
There is a pair of shoes under the bed. 有一双鞋在床下。
The pair of shoes is rather expensive. 这双袜子很贵。
8、this kind of book ═ a book of this kind （这种书），其谓语动词用单数；短语this kind of books═ books of this kind═ these kind of books（口语）（这类书），但this kind of books作主语时，谓语动词用单数；books of this kind 和these kind of books作主语时，谓语动词用复数。all/these kinds of 后跟复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
This kind of books is very popular with young people. 这类书很受年轻人欢迎。
Books of this kind are very popular with young people.这类书很受年轻人欢迎。
These kind of parties are dangerous. 这类政党很危险。
All kinds of flowers have come out in the valley. 山谷里各种各样的花已竞相开放。
9、如果名词词组的中心词是all, most, rest, some, neither, none, no等词，所指是复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式；反之用单数。如：
Some of the pigeons have been missing. 一些鸽子已经不见了。
Some of the ice has melted so far. 迄今已有一些冰融化掉了。
All of the water in the area has been seriously polluted. 这地区所有的水都已受严重污染。
All of the books have been sold out. 所有的书都已被卖完了。
None of us have been there. 我们没人去过那里。
None of the stolen money has been found yet. 被偷的钱至今一点也未找到。
The rest of the students are watering trees. 其余的学生正在浇树。
The rest of the wine has gone bad. 剩下的酒已经变质了。
B. 由连接词连接的名词作主语
1、用and或both…and连接并列主语，表示不同概念，谓语动词常用复数。如：
You and he both stand up. 你和他都站了起来。
Water and air are both important. 水和空气都很重要。
Time and tide wait for no man. 岁月不待人。
但并列结构充当主语表示整体概念时，即指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数形式，这时and后面的名词没有冠词。
英语中并列结构表示整体概念的有：
⑴ 相关名词并列表示整体概念。如：
iron and steel 钢铁 law and order 治安 bread and butter 黄油面包
⑵ 配套事物。如：
a watch and chain 一块带链的表 a needle and thread针线 a coat and tie配有领带的上衣
A knife and fork is needed for a western meal. 吃西餐时要用刀和叉。
The cart and horse is coming. 马车来了。
⑶ 表示兼职或有多个称呼的人。如：
the worker and poet 这位工人兼诗人
The writer and teacher is speaking at the meeting. 这位教师兼作家正在会上发言。
⑷ 两个完全重合的概念并列。如：
aim and end 目的 truth and honesty 真诚
capacity and efficiency 效能 love and affection 情感
To love and to be loved is the great happiness.爱与被爱是幸福。
Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit. 早睡早起是好习惯。
2、当主语后面跟有as well as, as much as, no less than, along with, with, like, rather than, together with, but, except, besides, including, in addition to等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数按主语的单、复数而定。如：
Your father as well as you is very kind to me. 不仅你而且你的父亲对我都非常好。
He, like you and Xiao Li, is very clever. 他象你和小李一样非常聪明。
Mr Robbins, together with his wife and children, is leaving London for Paris. Robbins先生明天将和妻子和孩子离开伦敦去巴黎。
C. 代词作主语
1、名词性物主代词作主语时，根据它所替代的是单数还是复数来确定谓语动词的单、复数。如：
Theirs (their classroom) is a big classroom. 他们的教室是一个大教室。
Your trousers are black and mine are brown. 你的裤子是黑色的，我的是棕色的。
2、such, the same起指示代词作用，应根据其所指的内容来确定单、复数。如：
Such is our plan. 这就是我们的计划。Such are my hopes. 这些就是我的愿望。
3、关系代词which, who, that在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与其前的先行词的数保持一致。如：
Those who want to go should sign your names here. 那些想去的人在这儿签上你们的名字。
He is one of the students who are good at maths. 他是那些擅长数学的学生中的一位。
He is the only one of the children who often speaks ill of others behind their backs. 他是这些孩子中唯一经常在背后讲别人坏话的人。
4、疑问代词who, what, which作主语时，谓语动词可以根据说话人所要表达的意思决定单、复数。如：
Who lives next door? Its Xiao Liu.
Who live next door? Its Zhang and Liu.
5、不定代词any, either, neither,none, all, some, more等作主语时，有以下两种情况：
单独作主语，视其在文中的意义，动词可用单数或复数形式。例如：
Now all has been changed. All are present at the meeting.
either, neither单独作主语，谓语通常用单数。
但是后接of时，若of的宾语为不可数名词，谓语动词当然用单数形式，若of的宾语为复数名词或代词时，动词可以是单数，也可以是复数，在正式文体中，单数形式的动词更为常用。如：
Do (Does) any of them know English? 他们中有人懂英语吗？
None of them like (likes) football. 他们中没人喜欢足球。
D. 分数、量词作主语
1、“分数或百分数＋of＋名词”构成的短语及由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, half of, a heap of, heaps of ＋名词”构成的短语作主语时，谓语动词的数与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致。如：
More than 70 percent of the surface of ouor planet is covered by water. 我们星球的表面百分之七十多都被水覆盖着。
One third of the students are girls in our group. 我们队三分之一的学生是女生。
注意： a large quantity of 修饰可数名词或不可数名词，其短语作主语，谓语动词用单数，而(large) quantities of修饰可数名词或不可数名词，其短语作主语，谓语动词一般用复数。如：
A large quantity of people is needed here. 这儿需要大批人。
Large quantities of food have rotten away. 大量食物都已经腐烂了。
短语in quantity, in large quanities意为“大量的”；in small quantities意为“少量的”。
2、a great deal of/ a large amount of修饰不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，但large amounts of 修饰不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。如：
A great deal of rice was taken from the country to the city by railway. 很多大米通过铁路从乡下运往城市。
Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge. 许多前都花在这座桥的建设上了。
3、a number of＋复数名词作主语，谓语动词用复数：the number of＋复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。如：
A number of students are going for a picnic this weekend. 这个周末许多学生将去野炊。
The number of days in February this year is 28. 今年二月份的天数是二十八天。
4、one and a half后，名词要用复数形式，但其短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
One and a half bananas has been eaten by the child. 这孩子已经吃了一根半香蕉。
5、half of, (a) part of修饰可数名词单数及不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，修饰可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：
Half of the building is finished. 这幢大楼已经建了一半。
Part of the glasses in the store are made in Suzhou. 店里部分玻璃杯是苏州产的。
E. 名词化的形容词作主语
“the＋形容词（或过去分词或现在分词）”如：the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the wounded, the injured, the unemployed, the dying, the living 等结构担任主语表示一类人时，谓语动词常用复数形式；但也有少数的形容词或过去分词与定冠词连用指个别或表示抽象的概念时，谓语动词用单数。如：
The young are more active than the old in the work. 做这项工作青年人比老年人积极。
The injured in the accident is an engineer. 在这次事故中受伤的那人是位工程师。
The beautiful attracts all the tourists.美景吸引住了所有的游客。
F. 动名词、不定式短语和从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
To learn a foreign language is not so difficult as you think. 学一门外语并不象你想象的那么难。
Smoking is bad for health. 吸烟有害健康。
That he has won the game is known to us all. 他赢了这场比赛是我们众所周知的事。
但what引导的主语从句所指的具体内容是复数意义时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。如：
What we need is more time. 我们需要的是更多的时间。
What we need are good teachers. 我们需要的是好老师。
专项练习
单项选择题：
1.The whole class _____ the teacher attentively.
A. are listening to B. is listening to C. are listening D. is listening
2. The League secretary and monitor _____ asked to make a speech at the meeting.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
3. He played on the _____ for two hours and when he returned he found half his goods _____ stolen.
A. sand; were B. sand; was C. sands; were D. sands; was
4. _____ can be done _____ been done.
A. All; have B. All that; have C. All; has D. All that; has
5. About 40 _____ of the population of that country _____ on farms.
A. percent; lives B. percent; live C. percents; live D. percents; lives
6. The Olympic Games _____ held every _____ years.
A. is; four B. are; four C. is; five D. are; five
7. No one but her parents _____ it.
A. know B. knows C. is knowing D. are knowing
8. The results of the examination _____ that you have all made great _____ .
A.show; progress B.shows; progress C.show; progresses D.shows; progresses
9. No bird and no beast _____ in the lonely island.
A. are seen B. is seen C. see D. sees
10.Here _____ a new pair of shoes for you.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
单句改错题：
1. Your family is very kind. Ill never forget the favor youve done me.
2. When and where to build the new school havent been decided.
3. Three quarters of the land is covered with green grass while the rest are covered with pine trees.
4. Not even one of the hundred students who took the test have passed.
5. On each side of the street stands a lot of trees.
6. There seem to be a knife and fork on the table.
7. The students in our school each has known the meaning of WTO.
8. The number of people who own cars are increasing.
9. Such people as he is to be punished.
10.It were Tom and John who played a trick on the old man.
（答案：一、1. A 2. B 3.C 4. D 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. A
二、1. is-are 2. havent-hasnt 3. are-is 4. have-has 5. stands-stand
6. seem-seems 7. has-have 8. are-is 9. is-are 10. were-was
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