今天小编就给大家整理了TED英语演讲：如何激发每个孩子成为终生阅读者，本文共4篇，希望对大家的工作和学习有所帮助，欢迎阅读!本文原稿由网友“xxnxrxl”提供。
篇1：TED英语演讲：如何激发每个孩子成为终生阅读者
TED英语演讲：如何激发每个孩子成为终生阅读者
As an elementary school teacher, my mom did everything she could to ensure I had good reading skills. This usually consisted of weekend reading lessons at our kitchen table while my friends played outside. My reading ability improved, but these forced reading lessons didn't exactly inspire a love of reading.
作为一名小学教师，我母亲竭尽所能以确保我有良好的阅读能力。她通常在周末时在餐桌前教我阅读，而此时我的朋友们在外玩耍。我的阅读能力提高了，但这种强迫式的阅读教学并没有激发我对阅读的热爱。
High school changed everything. In 10th grade, my regular English class read short stories and did spelling tests. Out of sheer boredom, I asked to be switched into another class. The next semester,I joined advanced English.
到高中时，这一切改变了。在十年级时，我的常规英文课要求阅读短篇故事和测试拼写。因为感觉实在无聊，我要求转去另一门课。在下一个学期，我加入了高阶英语课。
We read two novels and wrote two book reports that semester. The drastic difference and rigor between these two English classes angered me and spurred questions like, “Where did all these white people come from?”
那学期，我们要读两本小说并写两篇读书报告。这两门英语课之间的巨大差异和严格程度让我很生气也引发了像这样的问题，“这些白人是从哪来的?”
My high school was over 70 percent black and Latino, but this advanced English class had white students everywhere. This personal encounter with institutionalized racism altered my relationship with reading forever. I learned that I couldn't depend on a school, a teacher or curriculum to teach me what I needed to know. And more out of like, rebellion, than being in tell ectual, I decided I would no longer allow other people to dictate when and what I read. And without realizing it, I had stumbled upon a key to helping children read. Identity.
黑裔和拉丁美洲裔学生在我的高中占学生总数的70%，但这门高阶英语课上遍布着白人学生这样的制度化种族主义的个人遭遇永久地改变了我与阅读的关系。我发现我不能依赖于一个学校，一位老师或课程来教我那些我需要知道的。主要因为叛逆，而非理智，我决定我再也不会让其他人来决定我应该在何时阅读以及阅读什么。我已偶然发现了一把帮助孩子阅读的钥匙，虽然我当时并没有意识到这一点。那就是认同。
Instead of fixating on skills and moving students from one reading level to another, or forcing struggling readers to memorize lists of unfamiliar words, we should be asking ourselves this question: How can we inspire children to identify as readers?
不应只专注于技能和将学生从一个阅读级别升到下一级，或逼迫阅读有困难的学生去记忆不熟悉的字列，我们应当问我们自己这个问题：我们如何启发孩子们认同自己是阅读者?
DeSean, a brilliant first-grader I taught in the Bronx, he helped me understand how identity shapes learning. One day during math, I walk up to DeSean, and I say, “DeSean, you're a great mathematician.” He looks at me and responds, “I'm not a mathematician, I'm a math genius!”
迪翔，一位我在布朗克斯区教过的聪明的一年级学生，他帮助我懂得了认同感如何塑造学习行为。有一天在数学课上，我走向迪翔，说，”迪翔，你是个很棒的数学家。“他看着我回答说，”我不是个数学家，我是个数学天才!“
OK DeSean, right? Reading? Completely different story. “Mr. Irby, I can't read. I'm never going to learn toread,” he would say. I taught DeSean to read, but there are count less black boys who remain trapped in illiteracy. According to the US Department of Education, more than 85 percent of black male fourth graders are not proficientin reading.
好吧，迪翔，是吧?阅读呢?情形完全不同。他说：“尔比先生，我不会阅读。我永远也学不会阅读。“我教会了迪翔去阅读，但有无数黑人男孩们仍然是文盲。根据美国教育部统计，超过85%的四年级黑人学生不擅长阅读。
85 percent! The more challenges to reading children face, the more culturally competent educators need to be. Moonlighting as a stand-up comedianfor the past eight years, I understand the importance of cultural competency,which I define as the ability to translate what you want someone else to knowor be able to do into communication or experiences that they find relevant andengaging.
85%!孩子们面对的阅读挑战越多，教育者们所需要的文化能力越高。在过去八年兼职做喜剧演员时，我了解到文化能力的重要性，我认为这种能力可以把你想要别人知道或能够做到的，翻译成他们认为与之有关且愿意参与的交流或体验。
Before going on stage, I assess an audience. Are they white, are they Latino? Are they old, young, professional, conservative? Then I curate and modify my jokes based on what I think would generate the most laughter. Whileperforming in a church, I could tell bar jokes. But that might not result inlaughter.
在上台之前，我会评估观众。他们是白人?拉丁美洲人?他们年长、年轻、专业、还是保守?然后我会策划和修改我的笑话依据我对怎样能引发更多笑声的考量。我在教堂表演时可以说个酒吧笑话。但可能根本没人会笑。
As a society, we're creating reading experiences for children that are the equivalent of telling bar jokes in achurch. And then we wonder why so many children don't read. Educator and philosopher Paulo Freire believed that teaching and learning should be two-way.Students shouldn't be viewed as empty buckets to be filled with facts but as cocreators of knowledge.
在社会环境中，我们为孩子们创造阅读体验就像是在教堂里讲酒吧笑话。然后我们纳闷为什么这么多孩子不阅读。教育家兼哲学家保罗・弗莱雷相信教和学应该是双向的。学生们不应被看作是需要被填满事实的空桶，而应是知识的共同创作者。
Cookie-cutter curriculums and school policies that require students to sit statue-still or to work in complete silence -- these environments often exclude the individual learning needs, theinterest and expertise of children. Especially black boys.
一刀切的课程和学校政策要求学生端坐或保持安静――这些环境通常抑制了孩子们的个体学习需求、兴趣和专长。尤其是黑人男孩们。
Many of the children's books promoted to black boys focus on serious topics, like slavery, civil rights and biographies.Less than two percent of teachers in the United States are black males. And a majority of black boys are raised by single mothers. There are literally young black boys who have never seen a black man reading. Or never had a black manencourage him to read. What cultural factors, what social cues are present thatwould lead a young black boy to conclude that reading is even something he should do?
很多给黑人男孩的儿童书籍都聚焦在诸如奴隶制、公民权利和传记这样的.严肃主题。黑人男性在美国教师中占比不到2%。大多数黑人男孩由单亲母亲抚养。甚至还有黑人男孩从来没见过一个黑人男性阅读。或从来没有被一个黑人男性去鼓励阅读。有什么文化因素、社会诱因来使得一个黑人男孩觉得阅读是一件他应该做的事?
This is why I created Barbershop Books.It's a literacy non profit that creates child-friendly reading spaces in barbershops. The mission is simple: to help young black boys identify as readers.Lots of black boys go to the barber shop once or twice a month.
这是为什么我创立了理发店书籍(BarbershopBooks)。这是一个扫盲的非营利组织旨在理发店里创造对孩子们友好的阅读空间。使命很简单：就是帮助年少的黑人男孩认同自己是阅读者。很多黑人男孩每月去理发店一两次。
Some see their barbers more than they see their fathers. Barbershop Books connects reading toa male-centered space and involves black men and boys' early reading experiences. This identity-based reading program uses a curated list ofchildren's books recommended by black boys. These are the books that they actually want to read.
有些孩子见到理发师的次数比见到他们父亲的次数还多。理发店连接着阅读和以男性为主导的空间并让黑人男性参与到男孩早期阅读体验中。这个基于认同的阅读计划使用由黑人男孩推荐的儿童书籍清单。这些是他们想要去读的书。
Scholastic's 20xx Kids and Family Report found that the number one thing children look for when choosing a book is abook that will make them laugh. So if we're serious about helping black boysand other children to read when it's not required, we need to incorporate relevant male reading models into early literacy and exchange some of thechildren's books that adults love so much for funny, silly or even gross books,like ”Gross Greg“.
学者出版社(Scholastic)20xx年的儿童与家庭报告发现孩子们在选书时首先会找让他们发笑的书。所以如果我们真要帮助黑人男孩和其他孩子去主动阅读，而不是强迫阅读时，我们需要将相关的男性阅读模型融入到早期识字学习中。有些儿童书籍成人们也非常喜欢那些有趣、愚蠢、甚至恶心的书，像《恶心的格雷》(GrossGreg)(笑声)
”You call them boogers. Greg callsthem delicious little sugars.“
”你称它为鼻屎。格雷称它为美味的小糖。“
That laugh, that positive reaction or grossreaction some of you just had,black boys deserve and desperately needmore of that.
那些笑声、正面的反应或你们有些人觉得恶心的反应，(笑声)
Dismantling the savage inequalities thatplague American education requires us to create reading experiences thatinspire all children to say three words: I'm a reader.
黑人男孩应该有，并迫切需要更多。消除困扰着美国教育的野蛮不平等。需要我们创造阅读体验来激发所有孩子们说出这些词：我是阅读者。
Thank you.(Applause)
谢谢。(掌声)
篇2：TED英语演讲：成为英雄不需等待
TED英语演讲：成为英雄不需等待
Back in New York, I am the head of development for a non-profit called Robin Hood. When I'm not fighting poverty, I'm fighting fires as the assistant captain of a volunteer fire company. Now in our town, where the volunteers supplement a highly skilled career staff, you have to get to the fire scene pretty early to get in on any action.
在纽约，我是“罗宾汉”非营利机构，发展部门的主管。在我消灭贫穷之余，我也灭火，我是志愿消防居的副指挥，在我们的小镇，在一个志愿者都是成功人士的地方，你必须要很早到现场，才有可能加入战况。
I remember my first fire. I was the second volunteer on the scene, so there was a pretty good chance I was going to get in. But still it was a real footrace against the other volunteers to get to the captain in charge to find out what our assignments would be.
我记得我第一场火，我是第二个到现场的志愿者，很有可能可以进火场，但你还得跑赢其它志愿者，先找到总指挥，让他分配工作给你。
When I found the captain, he was having a very engaging conversation with the homeowner, who was surely having one of the worst days of her life. Here it was, the middle of the night, she was standing outside in the pouring rain, under an umbrella, in her pajamas, barefoot, while her house was in flames.
当我好不容易找到总指挥，他正全神贯注地和屋主讨论。她显然正经历人生中最糟糕的一天，当时是大半夜，她站在滂沱大雨中，穿着睡衣、打赤脚、撑着伞，她的房子正在熊熊燃烧。
The other volunteer who had arrived just before me -- let's call him Lex Luther -- (Laughter) got to the captain first and was asked to go inside and save the homeowner's dog. The dog! I was stunned with jealousy. Here was some lawyer or money manager who, for the rest of his life, gets to tell people that he went into a burning building to save a living creature, just because he beat me by five seconds.
另外一个比我先来一步的志愿者，就叫他Lex，Luther(超人中的反派)。好了，先到了总指挥身边，他被分配到，杀进火场去拯救屋主的小狗，小狗哎!我嫉妒死了。这个律师或财务经理，终身都可以告诉别人，他深入火场，救出一条活生生的小狗，就因为他比我早到五秒。
Well, I was next. The captain waved me over. He said, ”Bezos, I need you to go into the house. I need you to go upstairs, past the fire, and I need you to get this woman a pair of shoes.\" (Laughter) I swear. So, not exactly what I was hoping for, but off I went -- up the stairs, down the hall, past the 'real' firefighters, who were pretty much done putting out the fire at this point, into the master bedroom to get a pair of shoes.
好吧，接下来轮到我了，总指挥叫我过去。他说，“Bezos，我需要你杀进火场，我需要你上楼，越过火焰，我需要你为这位女士拿双鞋。，“ 是真的，我发誓，这不是我心中描绘的图像，但我去了，上楼，走到走廊底，穿过那些”真正的“消防员，他们差不多已经把火熄灭了，我走进主卧室，拿了一双鞋。
Now I know what you're thinking, but I'm no hero. (Laughter) I carried my payload back downstairs where I met my nemesis and the precious dog by the front door. We took our treasures outside to the homeowner,where, not surprisingly, his received much more attention than did mine. A few weeks later, the department received a letter from the homeowner thanking us for the valiant effort displayed in saving her home. The act of kindness she noted above all others: someone had even gotten her a pair of shoes.
我知道你在想什么，但我非英雄。我把我的任务带下楼，在前门遇见那位早我五秒的先生和他救出的那条狗，我们带着我们的宝藏走向前门，毫无意外的他比我获得更多关注。几个礼拜后，我们部门收到从屋主来的一封信，谢谢我们的拯救她家的`，义勇行为，她特别提到一件温馨的细节，甚至有人为她拿来一双鞋。
In both my vocation at Robin Hood and my avocation as a volunteer firefighter, I am witness to acts of generosity and kindness on a monumental scale, but I'm also witness to acts of grace and courage on an individual basis. And you know what I've learned? They all matter.
无论是我在“罗宾汉”的工作，或是我身为志愿消防员的副业，我目睹许多非常慷慨的善行，我同时也目睹一个人的勇气和慈悲能带来多大的不同。你知道我学到什么?它们都一样重要。
So as I look around this room at people who either have achieved, or are on their way to achieving, remarkable levels of success, I would offer this reminder: don't wait. Don't wait until you make your first million to make a difference in somebody's life. If you have something to give, give it now. Serve food at a soup kitchen. Clean up a neighborhood park. Be a mentor.
当我环顾四周，这些成功的，或正要成功的人士，你们都有着令人激赏的成就，我想在这里提醒你们：不要等待，不要等待你赚到第一个一百万，才开始改变别人的生活，如果你有什么可以给予，现在就开始付出。无论是供应穷人食物，做个榜样。
Not every day is going to offer us a chance to save somebody's life, but every day offers us an opportunity to affect one. So get in the game. Save the shoes.
不是每一天我们都有机会，拯救他人的生命，但每一天我们都有机会影响他人的生命，来吧：救那双鞋。
Thank you.(Applause)
Bruno Giussani: Mark, Mark, come back.(Applause)
Mark Bezos: Thank you.
谢谢各位(掌声)
Bruno，Giussani：Mark，Mark，回来(掌声)
谢谢各位
篇3：TED英语演讲：怎样成为一个精神强大的人
TED英语演讲：怎样成为一个精神强大的人
1. They don’t waste time feeling sorry forthemselves
Mentally strong people don’t sit aroundfeeling sorry about their circumstances or how others have treated them.Instead, they take responsibility for their role in life and understand thatlife isn’t always easy or fair.
1. 他们不会浪费时间自怨自艾
内心强大的人不会抱怨客观条件或是挑剔别人如何对待他们，他们对自己的人生负责并且明白，生活总有坎坷，也并不总是公平的。
2. They don’t give away their power
They don’t allow others to control them,and they don’t give someone else power over them. They don’t say things like,“My boss makes me feel bad,” because they understand that they are in controlover their own emotions and they have a choice in how they respond.
2. 他们不会将主动权拱手让人
他们不允许别人来掌控他们的人生。他们绝不会说“我的老板让我很生气”这样的话，因为他们明白，每个人都应该有控制自己情感的能力，如何对外界做出反应是个人的选择。
3. They don’t shy away from change
Mentally strong people don’t try to avoidchange. Instead, they welcome positive change and are willing to be flexible.They understand that change is inevitable and believe in their abilities toadapt.
3. 他们不惧怕改变
内心强大的人不会躲避改变，相反，他们喜欢积极的改变，并愿意保持灵活的态度，他们明白改变是必然的，也相信自己有适应变化的能力。
4. They don’t waste energy on things theycan’t control
You won’t hear a mentally strong personcomplaining over lost luggage or traffic jams. Instead, they focus on what theycan control in their lives. They recognize that sometimes, the only thing theycan control is their attitude.
4. 对于无法控制的事情，他们不会白白耗费精力
内心强大的人从不会因为机场弄丢了行李或是堵车而大肆抱怨，相反，他们会将精力集中在他们可以控制的事情上，他们明白，在一些状况下，我们唯一能够控制的是我们的态度。
5. They don’t worry about pleasing everyone
Mentally strong people recognize that theydon’t need to please everyone all the time. They’re not afraid to say no orspeak up when necessary. They strive to be kind and fair, but can handle otherpeople being upset if they didn’t make them happy.
5. 他们不取悦他人
内心强大的人明白他们不需要每时每刻取悦所有人，他们不害怕拒绝别人，在适当的时候也不害怕表达自己不同的观点，他们有承受力欣然接受别人对自己不满。
6. They don’t fear taking calculated risks
They don’t take reckless or foolish risks,but don’t mind taking calculated risks. Mentally strong people spend timeweighing the risks and benefits before making a big decision, and they’re fullyinformed of the potential downsides before they take action.
6. 他们不害怕风险
他们当然不会贸然行事或是故意做出愚蠢的行为，但是他们不害怕理性地冒险。内心强大的人在做出重大决定之前会花时间仔细考量风险和收益，在他们行动之前，他们对可能出现的负面状况已经非常充分了解了。
7. They don’t dwell on the past
Mentally strong people don’t waste timedwelling on the past and wishing things could be different. They acknowledgetheir past and can say what they’ve learned from it. However, they don’tconstantly relive bad experiences or fantasize about the glory days. Instead,they live for the present and plan for the future.
7. 他们不会沉湎于过去
内心强大的人不会浪费时间无谓地后悔过去的事情，他们接纳自己的`过去，并明白自己从中学到了什么，他们既不会对过去的痛苦经历无法释怀，也不会对过去的成就念念不忘，他们活在当下，计划未来。
8. They don’t make the same mistakes overand over
Mentally strong people accept responsibilityfor their behavior and learn from their past mistakes. As a result, they don’tkeep repeating those mistakes over and over.
8. 他们不会一遍又一遍地犯同样的错误
内心强大的人为自己的行为负责，并从过去的错误中学到教训，所以他们不会重复同样的错误。
9. They don’t resent other people’s success
Mentally strong people can appreciate andcelebrate other people’s success in life. They don’t grow jealous or feelcheated when others surpass them. Instead, they recognize that success comeswith hard work, and they are willing to work hard for their own chance atsuccess.
9. 他们不会对他人的成功心生妒忌
内心强大的人懂得欣赏他人，并会为他人的成功而感到快乐，当别人超过自己时，他们不会嫉妒或是不满，相反，他们明白成功来源于努力，并愿意为自己的成功付出劳动。
10. They don’t give up after the firstfailure
Mentally strong people don’t view failureas a reason to give up. Instead, they use failure as an opportunity to grow andimprove. They are willing to keep trying until they get it right.
10. 一次失败不会让他们放弃
内心强大的人不认为失败是放弃的理由，相反，他们将失败当作是学习和进步的机会，他们愿意不断尝试，知道成功为止。
11. They don’t fear alone time
Mentally strong people can tolerate beingalone and they don’t fear silence. They aren’t afraid to be alone with theirthoughts and they can use downtime to be productive. They enjoy their owncompany and aren’t dependent on others for companionship and entertainment allthe time but instead can be happy alone.
11. 他们不害怕独处
内心强大的人能够独处，不害怕安静，他们会利用独处的时间思考，去做有意义的事，他们不会时刻以来别人的陪伴，独处也可以很快乐。
12. They don’t feel the world owes themanything
Mentally strong people don’t feel entitledto things in life. They weren’t born with a mentality that others would takecare of them or that the world must give them something. Instead, they look foropportunities based on their own merits.
12. 他们不认为世界欠自己什么
内心强大的人不认为任何事情是理所当然的，没有人有责任照顾他们，世界也不欠他们什么，所有机会都必须要靠自己的能力来争取。
13. They don’t expect immediate results
Whether they are working on improving theirhealth or getting a new business off the ground, mentally strong people don’texpect immediate results. Instead, they apply their skills and time to the bestof their ability and understand that real change takes time.
13. 他们不急切地想得到回报
不论是努力健身或是开创新的事业，内心强大的人都不会期望马上得到回报，相反，他们尽自己所能地付出，并且明白，真正的改变需要时间。
篇4：想成为演讲达人必须知道的5个技巧TED英语演讲
想成为演讲达人必须知道的5个技巧TED英语演讲
我有5个在公众场合演讲的技巧，不管是在小教室里，在会议室里，或者只是想在一个开心的时刻建立良好的人际关系，怎样才能给人留下好印象呢?
I have five speaking tips for you whenever you're in public,whether that's in a small classroom,at a boardroom table,or maybe you're just a happy hour wanting to network well. How on earth can you make a good impression?
好的，事实上都是一些很基本的东西，以下是我给你的5个实用建议。
Well, there are some really fundamental basic things.So here are my five practical tips for you.
首先，你必须了解你演讲的内容，照本宣科通常很不好，所以当朋友打电话或发短信给我说，“我有一个很重要的演讲，我太紧张了，该怎么办呢?”我会说，你对你演讲的内容了解吗?因为如果你只是照着幻灯片朗读，很可能会让别人以为你连你自己要讲的东西都不清楚。
The first is, you have to know your content.Read it rarely looks good.So when friends call or text me say ：“I have a big presentation, I'm so nervous, what do we do.”I say, “how well do you know your content?”Because if you're making it up on the slide,it's probably going to translate like,you don't know your stuff.
我的第二个建议是，要真实。有多少次你在会议上坐着，或者看着一个演讲者，他们就好像进入了演示模式，他们看起来令人不舒服，也许他们看起来有点紧张，他们的目光到处飘，用肢体动作欺骗自己。
真实就好，我鼓励我们的客户把每一次演讲的机会，当作和你的听众交谈，仅仅是一段接一段再接一段的谈话而已。做你自己就好，你猜怎么着?我们是人，我们和其他人有联系。所以，做你自己，让自己变得可爱，让自己变得有亲和力。
My second tip is, be authentic.How many times have you sat through a meeting or watch a speaker where they just went in this like presentation mode,they looked uncomfortable,maybe they looked a little nervous,their eyes are all over the place,and their body deceives them.
Just be authentic.I encourage our clients to consider each presentation or speaking opportunity as conversation with people in your audience.Just one conversation, with another conversation, and another conversation.Be yourself.Guess what? We're human,we relate to other humans.So just be yourself, be likeable, be relatable.
我的第三个建议是，眼神接触。我们都知道，不是吗?在大学里被教过无数次，我们知道要做这个 -- 眼神接触，我总是对我的客户感到惊讶。他们其实不知道怎么做才好。
让我给你一个小提示，有3到5秒的'眼神接触就很好，当你尝试它的时候，感觉就像永恒一样。但我向你们保证，这会给人以自信、权威的印象，就像你真的清楚你要讲什么，也希望你们确实如此。
The third tip I have is, eye contact.We know, right, College 101 speaking 101,we know to make it, eye contact.I'm always amazed with my clients that they actually don't know what good is.
Well let me give you a little tip.Three to five seconds is really good eye contact. Now when you actually try it, it will feel like eternity.But I promise you that it makes the impression of confidence, authority,and like you really do know your stuff and hopefully you do.
第四个技巧，当我们说话的时候，我们用手做什么呢?我总是很惊讶，在婚礼上人们会问我，嘿，你是做什么的?我告诉他们我的职业，可以说就是用手做些什么事，这里有一些非常实用的建议，只需要放松你的手就好。我的大多数客户，他们都很紧张，他们的手在他们的身体前不知所措，这样看起来像是很紧张，或者像是没有准备好，让它们在你身边放松，或者活动起来，用好手势，但接着让它们放松下来。
The fourth tip has to do with these.What on earth do we do with our hands when we're talking?I'm always surprised that at weddings when people ask “hey so what you do.”I tell them my business like what do I do with my hands.Well here is some really practical advice.Just relax them.Most of my clients, they get nervous,their hands collapse in front of their bodies.and it looks like nerves or they're unprepared.Let them relax at your side,be animated, use them in good gestures.But then let them relax.
我的第五个技巧，和那些填充词有关。你知道我说的就是那些讨厌的：“嗯、啊、和、所以、像、好”充斥在我们的演讲中。为什么我们要这样?据我的观察，大部分时间都是潜意识的，我们如何才能清除这些让人分心的词语，让我们的演讲听起来更有信心，更清晰?
My fifth practical tip, has to do with those filler words.You know which ones I'm talking about the pesky ones like emm, ah, and, so, like, well.They're riddled throughout our presentations,why do we do that?Well my observation, most of the time its subconscious.How do we start to weed out these really distracting words?So that we sound more confident,and we sound more articulate.
我指导我的客户先对他们的要讲的信息进行分块，提出一两个概念，然后暂停，接着开始把你的演讲内容发展成人们可以吸收的内容，当你在这中间暂停时，还能够自我调整，暂停可以避免填充词，以上就是我的5个可以让你更自信的实用建议。
While I coach my clients to start chunking up their information, meaning,give an idea or two and then pause,and start to develop your content into pieces that people can actually absorb.It also allows you the self-control to pause in between them.Pausing is the anti filler word.So those are my five very practical tips to speaking with more confidence.
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