考研英语状语成分翻译处理

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下面是小编为大家整理的考研英语状语成分翻译处理,本文共4篇,如果喜欢可以分享给身边的朋友喔!本文原稿由网友“xmas”提供。

篇1:考研英语状语成分翻译处理

英语状语从句包括表示时间、原因、条件、让步、目的等等各种从句。

一、时间状语从句

1. 译成相应的时间状语

1)与原文顺序一致

While she spoke, the tears were running down. 她说话时泪水直流。

2)后置改前置

Please turn off the light when you leave the room. 离屋时请关灯。

2. 译成“刚(一)…… 就……”的句式:

When I reached the beach, I collapsed. 我一游到海滩就昏倒了。

3. 译成并列的分句:

1)译文前置

They set him free when his ransom had not yet been paid. 他还没有交赎金,他们就把他释放了。

2)后置不变

I was about to speak when Mr. Smith cut in. 我正想说话,史密斯先生就开口了。

二、原因状语从句

1. 译成表“因”的分句:

1)“因”在“果”之前

The crops failed because the season was dry. 因为气候干旱,作物欠收。

2)“果”在“因”之前

She could get away with anything, because she looked such a baby. 她总能逃脱处罚,因为她看起来就像个小孩儿。

2. 译成因果偏正复句中的主句:

Pure iron is not used in industry because it is too soft. 纯铁太软,所以不用在工业上。

Because he was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he stuck to his opinion. 他深信这件事正确可靠,因此坚持己见。

3. 译成无关联词的因果关系并列分句:

Where there is sound, there must be sound waves. 哪里有声音,哪里就必有声波。

After all, it did not matter much, because in24 hours, they were going to be free. 反正关系不大,24小时以后他们就自由了。

三、表示条件的状语从句

1. 译成表示条件的分句,汉语一般前置:

When this question is answered, even better and cheaper magnetic materials can be developed. 如果这一问题得到解决,就能研制出更好、更便宜的磁性材料。

2. 译成表示“假设”的分句,一般前置:

If one of them collapsed, as they often did, the guide used to carry him over the mountains. 如果其中一个人累垮了,向导就要背着他过山,这种情况经常发生。

3. 译成补充说明情况的分句,一般后置:

You can drive tonight if you are ready. 你今晚就可以出车,如果你愿意的话。

四、表示让步的状语从句

1. 译成表示“让步”的分句,一般前置:

While this is true of some, it is not true of all. 虽有部分如此,但不见得全部如此。

I still think that you made a mistake while l admit what you say. 就算你说得对,我仍认为你做错了。

2. 译成表示“无条件”的条件分句,一般前置:

Plugged into the intercommunication system, the man can now communicate with the rest of the crew no matter what noise is going on about him. 不管周围是多么喧闹,插头一接上机内通话系统,他就能和同机的其他人通话。

五、表示目的的状语从句

1. 译成表示“目的”的前置分句,常用“为了”、“省(免)得”、“以免”、“以便”、“生怕”等引导:

They stepped into a helicopter and flew high in the sky in order that they might have a bird’s eye view of the city. 为了俯瞰这个城市,他们驾驶直升机,凌空飞行。

2. 译成表示“目的”的后置分句,常用“省(免)得”、“以免”、“以便”、“使得”、“生怕”等引导:

The murderer ran away as fast as he could so that he might not be caught. 凶手很快地逃离了,以免被人抓住。

篇2:考研英语状语成分语法讲解

英语状语从句包括表示时间、原因、条件、让步、目的等等各种从句。

一、时间状语从句

1. 译成相应的时间状语

1)与原文顺序一致

While she spoke, the tears were running down. 她说话时泪水直流。

2)后置改前置

Please turn off the light when you leave the room. 离屋时请关灯。

2. 译成“刚(一)…… 就……”的句式:

When I reached the beach, I collapsed. 我一游到海滩就昏倒了。

3. 译成并列的分句:

1)译文前置

They set him free when his ransom had not yet been paid. 他还没有交赎金,他们就把他释放了。

2)后置不变

I was about to speak when Mr. Smith cut in. 我正想说话,史密斯先生就开口了。

二、原因状语从句

1. 译成表“因”的分句:

1)“因”在“果”之前

The crops failed because the season was dry. 因为气候干旱,作物欠收。

2)“果”在“因”之前

She could get away with anything, because she looked such a baby. 她总能逃脱处罚,因为她看起来就像个小孩儿。

2. 译成因果偏正复句中的主句:

Pure iron is not used in industry because it is too soft. 纯铁太软,所以不用在工业上。

Because he was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he stuck to his opinion. 他深信这件事正确可靠,因此坚持己见。

3. 译成无关联词的因果关系并列分句:

Where there is sound, there must be sound waves. 哪里有声音,哪里就必有声波。

After all, it did not matter much, because in24 hours, they were going to be free. 反正关系不大,24小时以后他们就自由了。

三、表示条件的状语从句

1. 译成表示条件的分句,汉语一般前置:

When this question is answered, even better and cheaper magnetic materials can be developed. 如果这一问题得到解决,就能研制出更好、更便宜的磁性材料。

2. 译成表示“假设”的分句,一般前置:

If one of them collapsed, as they often did, the guide used to carry him over the mountains. 如果其中一个人累垮了,向导就要背着他过山,这种情况经常发生。

3. 译成补充说明情况的分句,一般后置:

You can drive tonight if you are ready. 你今晚就可以出车,如果你愿意的话。

篇3:大学英语四六级翻译技巧之状语成分的表达

一、时间状语从句

1. 译成相应的时间状语

1)与原文顺序一致

While she spoke, the tears were running down。

她说话时,泪水直流。

2)后置改前置

Please turn off the light when you leave the room。

离屋时请关灯。

2. 译成“刚(一)…… 就……”的句式:

When I reached the beach, I collapsed。

我一游到海滩,就昏倒了。

3. 译成并列的分句:

1)译文前置

They set him free when his ransom had not yet been paid。

他还没有交赎金,他们就把他释放了。

2)后置不变

I was about to speak when Mr. Smith cut in。

我正想讲,史密斯先生就插嘴了。

二、原因状语从句

1. 译成表“因”的分句:

1)“因”在“果”之前

The crops failed because the season was dry。

因为气候干旱,作物歉收。

2)“果”在“因”之前

She could get away with anything, because she looked such a baby。

她能渡过任何风险,因为她看上去简直还像娃娃模样。

2. 译成因果偏正复句中的主句:

Pure iron is not used in industry because it is too soft。

纯铁太软,所以不用在工业上。

Because he was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he stuck to his opinion。

他深信这件事正确可靠,因此坚持己见。

3. 译成无关联词的因果关系并列分句:

Where there is sound, there must be sound waves。

哪里有声音,哪里就必有声波。

After all, it did not matter much, because in24 hours, they were going to be free。

反正关系不大,24小时以后他们就自由了。

三、表示条件的状语从句

1. 译成表示条件的分句,汉语一般前置:

When this question is answered, even better and cheaper magnetic materials can be developed。

如果这一问题得到解决,就能研制出更好、更便宜的磁性材料。

2. 译成表示“假设”的分句,一般前置:

If one of them collapsed, as they often did, the guide used to carry him over the mountains。

如果其中一个人垮了,这种事常在他们中间发生,向导就要背着他过山,

3. 译成补充说明情况的分句,一般后置:

You can drive tonight if you are ready。

你今晚就可以出车,如果你愿意的话。

四、表示让步的状语从句

1. 译成表示“让步”的分句,一般前置:

While this is true of some, it is not true of all。

虽有部分如此,但不见得全部如此。

I still think that you made a mistake while l admit what you say。

就算你说得对,我仍认为你做错了。

2. 译成表示“无条件”的条件分句,一般前置

Plugged into the intercommunication system, the man can now communicate with the rest of the crew no matter what noise is going on about him。

不管周围是多么喧闹,插头一接上机内通话系统,他就能和同机其余的人通话。

五、表示目的的状语从句

1. 译成表示“目的”的前置分句,常用“为了”、“省(免)得”、“以免”、“以便”、“生怕”等引导:

They stepped into a helicopter and flew high in the sky in order that they might have a bird’s eye view of the city 。

为了对这个城市作一鸟瞰,他们跨进直升机,凌空飞行。

2. 译成表示“目的”的后置分句,常用“省(免)得”、“以免”、“以便”、“使得”、“生怕”等引导

The murderer ran away as fast as he could so that he might not be caught。

凶手尽快地跑开,以免被人抓住。

篇4:考研英语翻译:状语从句翻译技巧

2015考研英语翻译:状语从句翻译技巧

状语从句时考研翻译中很重要的一部分,几乎涉及到每一个长难句,所以我们有必要把状语从句单独拿出来解决。一般来讲状语从句的翻译相对简单,顺着句子的顺序去翻译就好了,但我们有时候还是会发现有些问题不是很好处理。

首先我们先看一下状语从句的特点。1.一般情况下,引导英语状语从句的从属连词,基本可以在汉语中找到相对应关联词,但有时不必翻译,因为引导汉语状语分句的关联词时常省略,有近50%的汉语复句中并不使用关联词语而且省略关联词的汉语句子更为精练。

2.英语状语从句的位置颇为灵活,置于主句之前或主句之后均可。汉语状语分句一般位于主句之前,只有偶尔才位于主句之后。

这是在翻译状语从句时总体来讲应该注意的问题,下面我们从状语从句的几个分支分别来看一下翻译。

(一)时间状语从句的翻译

1.译成与汉语完全对应的表示时间的状语

例:When they approached Trenton, lights were still burning in many of the houses and Christ mas parties were still going on.

当他们逼近屈兰敦时, 许多房子里仍然灯火通明,圣诞晚会还未结束。

由于英汉语言表达的习惯差异,通常汉语的状语从句位于句首,而英语的状语从句可前可后, 以后为多。汉语是一种意合的语言,汉语句子较少使用关联词。

2. 翻译成固定(常规)句型

一般像由 hardly (scarcely)…。 when (before)… no sooner… than… as soon as … the moment(the instant )… just as…等短语连词引导的时间状语从句翻译成汉语时, 主句与从句通常要互换, 常常译成包含“刚(一)……就……”这种结构的句子。同样,包含该结构的汉语句子亦应翻译成英语中相对应的固定句式。

例:计算机刚一启动,就发现有病毒。

Hardly had the computer started working when viruses were found.

As soon as she heard the news, she fainted.

3.译成并列分句

例:I was going home when I met Mary.

我正要回家, 就在这个时候,我碰到了玛丽。

4.转译为其他状语从句

英语状语从句有时它们的深层意义互相渗透,可以互相替换,需要转译。有些时间状语从句虽然形式上是由表示时间的.引导词(如

when, before, until 等)引导,但根据句子逻辑意义来判断,应灵活翻译成表因果关系的从句,或者翻译为表条件的状语从句或表目的的状语从句。

When winds blow particles against a large rock for a long time, the softer layers of the rock are slowly worn away.

由于风把砂粒刮起来, 碰撞大岩石,久而久之,较松软的岩石层就被慢慢地磨损。(――表原因的偏句)

(二)原因状语从句的翻译

英语原因状语从句通常由从属连词 as, because, since 引导。所有的英语原因状语从句在汉语译文中通常位于句首,偶尔亦置于句末。汉语的原因状语从句翻译成英语时可位于译句句首,也可置于译句句末。

原因状语从句的翻译

1.译成表示原因的分句

例:It is frequently said that computers solve problems only because they are “programmed” to do so.

人们常说,电脑之所以能解决问题, 只是因为电脑给输入了解决问题的 “程序”。

2.译为不带关联词、因果关系内含的并列分句

As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, and their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off.

众多家庭搬出安定的社区,离开交往多年的朋友,远离大家庭的其他成员, 日常信息来源就此切断。

(三)条件状语从句的翻译

1.译成相对应的表条件的分句

If the epidemic cannot be controlled effec tively, the whole country will come into chaos.

如果这种流行传染病得不到有效控制, 整个国家将会陷入一片混乱之中。

2.译成不含关联词、内含条件关系的句子

If you melt two or more metals together, you can get a new metal.

将两种以上的金属熔化在一起就可产生一种新金属。

3.译成补充说明情况的分句

Be respectful to your superiors, if you have any, also to strangers, and sometimes to others.

要尊重你的上司,如果你有上司的话。对待陌生人,有时还有别人,也要尊重。

4.译成特定的条件分句

They might be prepared to trim production―but only if they are convinced it will firm prices

它们可能准备削减产量――但条件是必须先使这些产油国确信, 石油价格将保持稳定。

(四)让步状语分句的翻译

1.译成表示 “让步”的分句

Although there are these cultural differences,the main engine propelling the separatist cause is economic.

尽管有文化差异,但是推动分裂主义进程的主要动力是经济因素。

2.译成表 “无条件”的条件分句

汉语里有一种复句,前一分句排除某一方面的一切条件,后一分句说出在任何条件下都会产生同样的结果,也就是说结果的产生没有什么条件限制。这样的复句里的前一分,称之为 “无条件”的条件分句,通常以whatever, wherever, whoever, whenever, no matter wh-为引导词, 通常翻译为以 “不论” “无论” “不管” 等关联词。

Yet whenever I stopped by his hospital bedside, he was surrounded by visitors from his church, singing and praying.

然而,无论我何时来到他的病床边,他总是被来自他奉职教堂的人所包围,他们又唱又祷告。

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