以下是小编为大家准备的初一英语语法一般过去时练习，本文共7篇，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。本文原稿由网友“一两二三四五六”提供。
篇1：初一英语语法一般过去时练习
初一英语语法一般过去时练习
一般过去时
一、概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
二、常搭配的时间状语：
ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month„), in , just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
三、基本结构：
①be动词的过去式(was/were);
②行为动词的过去式(即在动词原形后加ed，不规则变化的动词除外)
否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首;②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。
一般过去时用谓语动词的过去式构成，即在动词原形后加ed，不规则变化的特殊动词除外。例句：
He was here just now. 他刚才还在这里。
What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事?
We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。
He used to smoke a lot, but he doesn’t now. 他过去经常抽烟，但现在不抽了。
四、基本用法
主要是用来描述在过去某个时候发生的动作或存在的状态。它也可以用来表示在过去某段时间里经常发生的习惯性动作。这一点在表达意义上与一般现在时相同，只是所在的时间区域不同而已。由于它的主要作用如此，所以在使用一般过去时的句子里常常有一个意义较具体的过去时间状语。这也是它与现在完成时的最大区别之一。
常和一般过去时连用的过去时间状语有：last night (week ,month , year , century , etc.) , yesterday , the day before yesterday , yesterday morning ( afternoon , evening ) , in , two hours ago ( one week ago , tree years ago , …)等等。
使用一般过去时，在某种意义上说就是要强调动作或状态发生或存在于过去的某个时候。“过去”的时间概念有两层意思：一是指“现在某个时间”以前的时间;二是指“说话、写文章的那个时间点”以前的时间，在这个意义上，“现在的那个时间点”是很小很小的，甚至于小到无法量化的程度。例如：
He got his driving license last month. 他上个月拿到了驾照。
--Where's Jim? 吉姆在哪里?
--He just went out.他刚刚出去。
练习:
写出下列动词的过去式
is/am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________ drink_________
play_______ go________ make ________ do/does_________ worry________
eat__________ draw________put ______ throw________ pass_______ 用be动词的适当形式填空
1. The little dog _____ two years old this year.
2. She _______ happy yesterday.
3. They _______ glad to see each other last month.
4. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. It _____ Children's Day. All the students ______ very excited.句型变换：
1 There was a car in front of the house just now.
否定句：__________________________________________________________
一般疑问句：__________________________________________________________
肯定回答：__________________________________________________________
否定回答：__________________________________________________________
2 They played football in the playground.
否定句：__________________________________________________________
一般疑问句：__________________________________________________________
肯定回答：__________________________________________________________
否定回答：__________________________________________________________
用所给动词的适当形式填空：
1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.
2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.
3. It ____ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White ___ (go) to his office by car.
4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?
5. Gao Shan ________ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.
6. Don't ______ the house. Mum _______ it yesterday. (clean)
7. What _________ she _________ (find) in the garden last morning?
She _________ (find) a beautiful butterfly.
8. What _________ you ______ just now? I _______ some housework. (do)
9 We all _________ (have) a good time last night.
10. She likes _________ newspapers, but she _________ a book yesterday. (read)
11. He ___________ football now, but they _______ basketball just now. (play)句型转换：
1、Lucy did her homework at home.
(改否定句)Lucy ___________ ___________ her homework at home.
2、He found some meat in the fridge(冰箱).(变一般疑问句)
___________ he __________ ___________ meat in the fridge?
3、She stayed there for a week.(对划线部分提问)
__________ ___________ __________ she __________ there?
4、There was some orange in the cup.(变一般疑问句)
_________ there ___________ orange in the cup?中译英：
1. 我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。
I _________ _________ __________ __________ exciting weekend.
2 Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本英语书。
Jenny likes _________ __________. She _________ an English book last night.
3. Emma每天都看电视。可是昨天他没有看。
Emma __________ TV every day. But he _________ ___________ yesterday.
4. 上周六他们做什么了?他们做作业和购物了。
What ________ they _________ _________ Saturday?
They _________ __________ homework and _________ __________.
如何学英语
下定决心，坚持不懈
英语学习作为一门语言技能，通过大量的训练和练习任何人是可以掌握的。一般地说，英语学习的原则是听、说领先，读、写跟上。李扬的疯狂英语提倡，首先建立起我能学好英语的信心，然后以句子为单位，大量地模仿，疯狂地操练，大声地朗读，最后达到自如地说英语，他的方法对提高说英语的能力很奏效。钟道隆教授45岁开始学英语，一年后，学成出国当口语翻译，并创造了逆苦恼、逆急于求成、逆速成的逆向学习英语的方法。他还提出学习英语要遵循听、写、说、背、想的方法，他的方法强调以听为主，并且把所听到的内容全部写下来。尤其是他的学习精神最可佳，他学习英语用坏了十几台录音机，你可想象他听了多少英语;用完的圆珠笔芯几乎装满了一个一拉罐，你可想象他写了多少，在一年半内，累计业余学习英语时间大约三千小时，也就说每天抽出几个小时来学英语。如果我们做到他那样，一定也能学好英语。最重要的是坚持，只要能下定决心，坚持每天至少一个小时的学习英语，战胜自我最后肯定会有收获的。
注意方法，循序渐进
决心下定，还注意学习方法，有时根据自己的情况和不同的学习目的，选择不同的学习方法，但是学习英语一定要踏踏实实地、一步一个脚印地走。要把基础知识掌握好，也就是说，发音要正确、基本词汇要掌握牢、基本句式要熟练、基本语法要会用。
(1)要过好语音关。把每一个音标发正确，注意改正有问题的音素，特别是那些容易混淆的音素，尽早地掌握国际音标，并尽量的掌握一些读音规则，尽快地能利用读音规则来拼单词，掌握读音规则对单词的记忆和拼写非常有用。
(2)掌握一定数量的英语单词。对于学习者来说掌握英语词汇是一难关，学习单词要从单词的形、音、义这三方面去掌握，要注意单词的一词多义，一词多类的用法，要学会一些构词法的知识，来扩展词汇量。学习单词要在语言材料中去学，要结合词组，通过句子，阅读文章来活记单词，死记的单词是记不牢的。坚持在读、说前，先反复听，听的时候反应单词、句子的意思和节奏，想一下单词的拼法、句子结构。并要同学习语法规则有机结合起来进行。
(3)掌握好基本语法。语法在学习英语中也很重要，它能帮助我们把握住英语的基本规律，通过例句或语言现象把死的语法规则要记住，活的规则要通过做大量的练习掌握。总之学习英语要通过听、说、读、写、译来进行操练，不但要注意数量，更重要的是要注意质量，尤其是基本知识要掌握的准确，熟练。只有经过大量的实践，才能做到熟能生巧，运用自如。
篇2：初一英语语法练习
I. be 动词 (用be动词的正确形式填空)
1. _______ your grandmother thin or chubby?
2. Where ______ your book on snakes?
3. Where ______ my pencil case and my notebook?
4. There _____ nine people in my family.
5. ---How much ______ the exercise book and the magazine? ----That _____ ninety dollars.
6. Ben ______ a middle school student, and his parents _____ architects.
7. Scott likes action movies best. His favorite actors ______ Jackie Chan and Jet Li.
8. -- What color _____ your shoes?
-- Black
9. -- Hello. My name _____ Jack. This is my friend. His name ______ Tom.
-- Nice to meet you. I _______ Rick.
10. ______ you still a librarian? No, I _______ an accountant now.
II. 用a ，an，the 或者 \\ 填空
1) There is ______ water on the floor.
2) There is ___ orange on ____ desk.
3) What do you know about _____ pandas?
4) I want to have ______ chicken for dinner.
5) There is _______ fish in the bow. Look! It can swim very fast.
6) There is _____ ‘m’ in ‘climb’ and there is ______ ‘u’ in ‘country’.
7) I don’t like _______ broccoli but I like ________ apples.
8) My brother is ______ engineer, and my sister is _______ executive now.
9) I don’t like _______ movie. It’s boring.
10) ______ Jenny’s birthday is Nov. 12th.
11) --Let’s go and play ______ chess.
--Sorry, I’m afraid I can’t. It’s time for me to play ______ piano.
12) He usually has his ______ breakfast at 7:00am and goes to ______ school at 7:30.
III. 选择正确的介词填空
in after on for at
with to behind of by
1. My family often buy clothes _____ HuaXing store _____ weekends.
2. Can you help the children _____ English? You may come _____ our club.
3. I’m looking _____ some presents. These shops may have many kinds _____ things _____ sale. Save your money till then!
4. How many cities are there ______ Greece? --I don’t know.
5. Look, the birds are _____ the tree!
6. When is her birthday? I can’t remember…It’s _____ January.
7. Mr. Green always goes to work ______ bus. He has to get up _____ 6 o’clock _____ the morning.
8. Come on! I’m hungry. What do we have _____ dinner?
9. Don’t eat and read _____ night. That is bad _____ your health.
10. Come and see ____ yourself ____ Wendy’s store!
11. We live _____ London. How about you? Where do you come _____?
12. _____ Sunday morning, I usually sleep late _____ home.
13. Jack is shorter than Sam, but Jack is sitting _________ Sam.
14. Here is a photo ________ your family.
15. There aren’t many people ______ the train ________ five o’clock ______ the morning.
IV. 写出下列名词的复数形式
1) Cemetery________ 2) tooth _______ 3) country ______
4) month________5) sandwich_______ 6) brush _______
7) candy bar______ 8) kangaroo ______9)man ________
10) day _______ 11) watch _______ 12) photo ________
13) orange ________14)dictionary _______ 15) tomato _______
16) dollar _________17) peach_______ 18) strawberry ______
19)church______ 20) child _________
V. 用动词的正确形式填空
1. You ______ from India. Brian _____ from Korea. And I _____ from China. (be)
2. I ______ Chinese and English. Brian _______ German, Chinese and English. (speak)
3. George ________from Italy but he _______ spaghetti very much.. (come, like)
4. Penguins _______ in Antarctica. It’s cold, so no people want _____ _____ there. (live)
5. The movie is very scary. I _____ _____ it is a good movie for kids. (think)
6. -- Can I _____ your dictionary?
--I am sorry. My dictionary is at home but I think Mary
_____ one. (have)
7. We are in the music club. Tom ____ ______ the piano. Michael and Diana _____ _____ the violin. I _____ _____ the guitar. (play)
8. The 1st class _____ (start) at 8:00 o’clock and it _____ (be) over at 8:40.
9. His mother is a teacher. She ______ (teach) Chinese in our school.
10. I usually ______ (come) to the classroom at 7:00 am. But he always ______ (come) to school at 7:50 am.
11. Julia always ______ (go) shopping by car. But sometimes she ______ (take) a bus.
12. ---______ (Do) your father usually help you with your homework? ---Yes, he ______ (do).
13. He ______ (not go) home on weekends. So he always ______ (wash) clothes by himself.
14. Peter ______ (speak) English very well. He can also ______ (speak) French and German.
15. David ______ (not play)football. He only ______ (watch) the football games on TV.
16. My brother and I ______ (want) to go to see an action movie. ______ (do) you want to go?
17. My uncle _______ ( not need ) a calculator.
18. ---________( Do ) Peter have a baseball ?
--- Yes, he _____ (do), and he ________ two baseball bats.
19. Mum, can you ______ ( take ) me to the tennis club?
20. --- May I help you?
--- Yes, I ________ ( look ) for a book on gardening.
VI. 句型转换练习
Part 1： 单复数转换。
1. How much is that?
_______________________________________________________________
2. Is your uncle behind the armchair?
_______________________________________________________________
3. They go to the park by bus.
_______________________________________________________________
4. There are buses to Manchester every day.
_______________________________________________________________
5. A kangaroo can jump 30 kilometers an hour.
_______________________________________________________________
6. Here are some good newspapers.
_______________________________________________________________
7. They can’t walk.
_______________________________________________________________
8. She doesn’t have an orange hat.
_______________________________________________________ ____
9. They are army officers.
_______________________________________________________________
10. Baby koala bears aren’t very big but adult polar bears are very strong.
_______________________________________________________________
Part 2： 将下列句子改为一般疑问句, 并作肯定和否定两种回答。
1. I have a dictionary.
___________________________________________________________________ ________
2. There are a lot of animals in the zoo.
____________________________________________________________________ _______
3. He does his homework at night.
___________________________________________________________________________
4. Dogs live in all parts of the world.
______________________________________________________________________ _____
5. Greenfield is a small village in England.
_________________________________________________________________ __________
Part 3： 将下列句子改为否定句。
1. There is a very high waterfall in Venezuela.
_______________________________________________________________
2. Egypt has a very long river.
_______________________________________________________________
3. She does her homework every day.
_______________________________________________________________
4. I come to school by bus.
_______________________________________________________________
5. She can swim very well.
_______________________________________________________________
Part 4： 对划线部分提问。
1. There is one radio in the living room.
_______________________________________________________________
2. The library is behind the police station.
_______________________________________________________________
3. Baby koala bears are only 2 centimeters tall.
_______________________________________________________________
4. They can jump and swim.
_______________________________________________________________
5. You can check out three.
_______________________________________________________________
6. Peter does his homework with Mary.
_______________________________________________________________
7. Kangaroos live in Australia.
_______________________________________________________________
8. Vera and Hillary come from England.
_______________________________________________________________
9. He’s buying bananas at the store.
_______________________________________________________________
10. They are secretaries.
________________________________________________ __________
Part5：综合句型练习:
1. My friend Tom usually goes to see action movies on weekends. (就画线部分提问)
_______________________________________________________________
2. Tom has a red jacket and a blue sweater. (就画线部分提问)
_______________________________________________________________
3. Mom’s keys are in the drawer. (就画线部分提问)
_______________________________________________________________
4. The yellow hat is 10 dollars. (就画线部分提问)
_______________________________________________________________
5. My grandfather likes documentaries. (改为否定句)
_______________________________________________________________
6. My mother usually goes to see action movies. (改为一般疑问句,并做否定回答)
_______________________________________________________________
7. Is it a red tomato? (改为复数句)
_______________________________________________________________
8. That is my family photo.(改为复数句)
_______________________________________________________________
几个好的英语学习方法
1.词汇：我的建议是，如果你在不久的将来有考试目标，你可以为考试购买一本单词书，如四级词汇，托福词汇等。根据考试大纲的要求积累词汇并回答考试;如果您暂时没有参加考试，您可能希望从日常阅读和听力材料中积累。遇到新单词时，不要检查单词的含义，还要记住相应的例句。最好写下你看到单词的例句，这是最深刻的印象。从长远来看，你已经创建了自己的“单词本”。
2，听力：和中级和高级学习者一样，不妨坚持VOA和BBC的听写训练。美国之音和英国广播公司分别是美国和英国的标准英语新闻，语速更快，新闻热点更多。您不仅可以习惯并学习标准的英语发音，还可以借此机会了解当今世界热门关键词的更多信息。其中，VOA有一个特殊的慢速英文版本，为中级学习者提供了良好的练习路径。 3，口语：初级和中级学习者从文本开始，先阅读文字，熟悉，并让你的舌头适应英语的发音习惯。俗话说“三天不说口生”，养成日常阅读的习惯对培养语感很重要;高级学习者可以尝试找一个说英语的伙伴来聊天。如果没有人陪伴，您也可以为自己设置一个主题，例如“查看某人”，“重述社交热点”等。每天，您可以在5分钟内谈论特定主题。如果你遇到一个你不能说的单词，请查阅字典。这也是积累词汇量的好渠道。
4.阅读：但是，强烈建议您首先学习母语为英语的人写的文章，即外国报刊杂志上的原创英文小说，散文和文章。至于阅读方法，它可以大致分为两种类型：广泛阅读和强化阅读。对于长期学习，您可以阅读每天约1000字的短文。精读水平，阅读本文的所有词汇，短语和语法。大声朗读，最好记住;根据个人情况，广泛的阅读是不同的，每天5个就足够了。只要你了解一般的想法，在广泛阅读中追求速度。如果您没有遇到未经检查的单词，则无需逐个检查单词。
5，写作：写作可谓是所有技能的高手，很难在短时间内有大的突破。但你不必担心，因为语言是一个整体，随着其他技能的提高，写作能力自然会提高。词汇和语感对写作有很大的影响。掌握词汇量，不仅要尽可能地背诵单词，还要理解动词，介词和名词之间的相互作用，掌握真实的说法;在阅读和朗读时，正如我上面提到的，面对文章必须阅读声音!在记忆和聆听中，语言的感觉得到改善。
篇3：英语语法讲解一般过去时
在宾语从句中，由于时态呼应的关系，一般过去时可以表示现在。如：
I didn't know you were here. 我不知道你在这儿。(were实际上指现在)
I didn't know you were so busy.我没想到你这么忙。(were实际上指现在)
另外，在某些特殊句式中，一般过去时也可以表示现在。如
It's time we started. 我们该动身了。
I wish I knew his name. 要是我知道他的名字就好了。
I'd rather you lived closer to us. 我希望你能住得离我们近点。
篇4：英语语法讲解一般过去时
1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
Where did you go just now?
2)表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。
When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
3)句型：
It is time for sb. to do sth “到……时间了” “该……了”
It is time sb. did sth. “时间已迟了” “早该……了”
It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。
It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。
would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事'
I'd rather you came tomorrow.
4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。
I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。
比较：
一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。
Christine was an invalid all her life.
(含义：她已不在人间。)
Christine has been an invalid all her life.
(含义：她现在还活着)
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.
(含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.
( 含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去)
注意： 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。
1)动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。
Did you want anything else?
I wondered if you could help me.
2)情态动词 could, would.
Could you lend me your bike?
篇5：英语语法讲解一般过去时
1) 构成will / be going to do sth.
2) 概念
a. 状态完成：表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。
b. 动作完成：表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前，已经完成的动作或一获得的经验。
They will have been married for 20 years by then.
You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow.
篇6：初一英语语法练习试题
初一英语语法练习试题精选
初一英语语法练习试题精选
（一）基础：引导词---who, which, that, whom,
练习1.I like cities___________are quiet and clean. 2.I prefer students _________are hard- working.
3.I hate TV shows _________ are noisy and boring.4.The music __________ is gentle and quiet attracts me a lot.
5.The food __________tastes delicious is not always healthy.
6.Those boys ___________ are playing basketballs over there are from Class Fifteen.
7.The books ____________ are written by Lu Xun are worth reading.
8.The town ___we visited last week is much larger than before.9.The book ___ he bought is very interesting.
（二）特例：只用that的情况
1先行词被___________或___________所修饰，或本身是______________________时，只能用 that，
2.被修饰的先行词为 ________________________________________________等不定代词时, 只能用 that.
3.先行词被 _____________________________________________等词修饰时，只能用 that，而不用 which。
4.先行词里同时含有______________________，如I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.
5. 以______________________引导的特殊疑问句，只能用that.如： Who is the girl that is crying?
练习1. I am interested in everything___ is about the World Cup.
2. Is there anything___I can do for you? 3. This is the very bike ______I lost
4.To my surprise, he gave me nothing __ I need. 5.This is the best dictionary __ I have ever used.
6. He was the first person _______passed the exam.
7.He talked happily about the men and books________interested him greatly.
（三）whose 1. The student ______father works in the factory is sitting there.
2. I like the rooms ______windows face south.3. This is the desk ______legs were broken.
4The woman ___ umbrella you took is angry about it.5.Here comes a girl ___ handwriting is the best .
6The banana __skin is green can’t be eaten.7That tall tree _ leaves are yellow is very old.
（四）从句谓语单复数由先行词确定，时态由从句时间状语决定，不必跟主句保持一致。
1-He is one of the boys who ____ (doesn’t, don’t) finish doing homework.
2-I like films which ____(be) exciting and interesting.
3-Children who often ____(eat) junk food are easy to become fat and unhealthy.
4-That boy who _____(run) fastest is from our class.
5Those boys who ____ playing the guitar are from our school. (be)
6The trees which _____ (be) watered yesterday belong to them. 7The man who ____ over there is our teacher.(stand) 8Those boys who ____ playing the guitar are from our school. (be)
9Mr. Brown is one of the foreign experts _______ _________ (work) in China.
10I’m one of the boys ______ ________(like) English best.
(五)“介词＋关系代词”注意： 介词的.选用要考虑：
A.与先行词的搭配关系
1）I will never forget the day __________ I joined the army.
2) I will never forget the days ______ I worked here.
3) I will never forget the year ____________ my son went to college.
B. 与谓语动词的搭配习惯
1）Have you found the book ________I paid 29 dollars?
2）Have you found the book ________I spent 29 dollars?
3) Have you found the book _____________we learnt a lot?
4) Have you found the book _______she often talks?
篇7：初一英语语法过去完成时练习
初一英语语法过去完成时练习
一、概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去( past-in-the-past )”。
----|-------------------------- |-------------------------------|---------------------------->
那时以前 那时 现在
二、常搭配的时间状语：before, by the end of last year(term, month„),etc.
三、基本结构：had + 动词的过去分词(done). (had通用于各种人称)
否定形式：had + not + 动词的过去分词done.
一般疑问句：had放于句首。
例句：She said she had never been to Paris. 她说她从未去过巴黎。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到达时，小偷们早就跑了。
By the time he was twelve, Edison had begun to make a living by himself. 到了十二岁那年，爱迪生开始自己谋生。
四、过去完成时的判断依据
1. 由时间状语来判定
一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：
( 1 ) by + 过去的时间点。
如： I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.
( 2 ) by the end of + 过去的时间点。
如： We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.
( 3 ) before + 过去的时间点。
如： They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.
2. 由“过去的过去”来判定。
过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在：
( 1 )宾语从句中
当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如：
She said that she had seen the film before.
( 2 )状语从句中
在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。如：
When I got to the station, the train had already left.
After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.
注意： before, after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于 before 和 after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主、从句都用一般过去时。如：
Where did you study before you came here?
After he closed the door, he left the classroom.
( 3 )表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示“原本…，未能…”
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3. 根据上、下文来判定。
I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.
五、过去完成时的主要用法
1. 过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，即发生在“过去的过去”。如：
When I woke up, it had stopped raining.
我醒来时，雨已经停了。(主句的动作发生在“过去的过去”)
2. 过去完成时是一个相对的时态，表示的是“过去的过去”，只有和过去某一时间或某一动作相比较时才使用它。如：
He told me that he had written a new book. (had written 发生在 told 之前 )
3. 过去完成时需要与一个表示过去的时间状语连用，它不能离开过去时间而独立存在。此时多与 already ， yet ， still ， just ， before ， never 等时间副词及 by ， before ， until等引导的短语或从句连用。
如：Before she came to China, Grace had taught English in a middle school for about five years.
Peter had collected more than 300 Chinese stamps by the time he was ten.
4. 过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去时间，而且动作尚未结束，仍然有继续下去的可能。
By the end of last year, he had worked in the factory for twenty years.
( had worked 已有了 20 年，还有继续进行下去的可能)
六、过去完成时与现在完成时的区别
现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响，与现在有关，其结构为“助动词 have (has) + 过去分词”;过去完成时则是一个相对的时态，它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去，更强调“过去的过去”，只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时，才用到它。试比较：
I have learned 1000 English words so far
到目前为止我已经学会了 1000 个英语单词。
I had learned 1000 English words till then.
到那时为止我已经学会了 1000 个英语单词。
- I'm sorry to keep you waiting. 对不起，让你久等了。
- Oh, not at all. I have been here only a few minutes.
没什么，我只等了几分钟。(“等”的动作从过去某一时间点持续到现在)
- John returned home yesterday. 约翰昨天回到家的。
- Where had he been?
他去哪儿了?(答语中使用过去完成时是指约翰在 returned home 之前去了哪些地方，即“过去的过去”)
七、过去完成时与一般过去时的区别
虽然这两种时态都表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，但在使用时应注意以下几点：
1. 时间状语不同：过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去”;而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间。试比较：
They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday.
They arrived at the station at ten yesterday.
2. 在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时，谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断：先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的则用一般过去时。如：
She was very happy. Her whole family were pleased with her, too. She had just won the first in the composition competition.
3. 当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用 and 或 but 连接时，按时间顺序，只需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时;另外，在 before ， after ， as soon as 引导的从句中，由于这些连词本身已经表示出时间的先后，因此也可以用过去时来代替过去完成时。如：
He entered the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper.
I (had) called her before I left the office.
特殊用法：过去完成时用法之表未曾实现的想法
过去完成时可表示过去未曾实现的想法和打算，通常连用的动词是 want, think, hope, plan, mean, expect, intend, suppose 等：
I had meant to come, but something happened. 我本想来，但有事就没有来。
I had intended to speak, but time did not permit. 我本想发言，但时间不允许。
We had hoped that you would come to see us, but you didn’t. 我们本想你来看我们的，但你没有来。
练习：
1. 单项选择
1.He asked me _____ during the summer holidays.
A. where I had been B. where I had gone
C. where had I been D. where had I gone
2. What ____ Jane ____ by the time he was sever?
A. did, do B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done
3. I ______ 900 English words by the time I was ten。
A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt
4. She ______lived here for ______ years.
A. had, a few B. has, several C. had, a lot of D. has, a great deal of
5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _____ the dinner already.
A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked
6. She said she __________ the principle already
A .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen
7. She said her family _______ themselves ______ the army during the war.
A. has hidden, from B. had hidden, from
C. has hidden, with D. had hidden, with
8. By the time he was ten years old, he _________.
A. has completed university B. has completed the university
B. had completed an university D. had completed university
9. She had written a number of books ______ the end of last year.
A. for B. in C. by D. at
10. He _____ to play ____ before he was 11 years old.
A had learned, piano B. had learned, the piano
C. has learned, the piano D. learns ,piano.
11. What _______ Annie ____ by the time he was ten?
A. did, do B. did, did C. has, done D. had done
12 .He ___ in the factory for three years before he joined the Army.
A. has worked B. works C. had worked D. will work
13. By the end of last week, they ____ the bridge.
A. has completed B. completed C. will complete D. had completed
14. Ben hates playing _____ violin, but he likes playing ____ football.
A. a…the B. the… the C. / …the D. the…/
15. By the time he was 4, he ______ a lot of German words.
A. had learned B. has learned C. learned D. learns
16 .Jim turned off the lights and then _____ the classroom.
A. was left B. had left C. has left D. left
17.They _________ in Guangzhou since 2000.
A. lived B. had lived C. have lived D. were living
18. The train from Beijing_______ ten minutes ago.
A. has arrived B. was arriving C. arrived D. had arrived
19. The students _________ their classroom when the visitors arrived.
A . have cleaned B. had cleaned C. was cleaned D. have been cleaned
20. Fergie_______ the project in one hour.
A. have finished B. will finish C. finishes D. has finished
21. The man ________ his coat and went out.
A. put on B. had put on C. will put on D. was putting on
22 My mother______ in that factory at the age of 18.
A. had worked B. has worked C. worked D. works
23. Dad ________ while he _______ TV.
A .fell asleep…watch B. was falling asleep…watched
C. fell asleep……was watching D. had fallen asleep…watched
2.用动词的适当形式填空
1. We _____________ (paint) the house before we ______________ (move) in.
2. That rich old man _____________ (make) a will before he _____________ (die).
3. The robbers _____________ (run away ) before the policemen _______ (arrive).
4. I __________ (turn off) all the lights before I ____________ (go) to bed.
5. Paul __________ (go) out with Jane after he __________ (make) a phone call.
6. Tom __________ (say) he ___________ (read) the book twice.
7. Our plan ____________ (fail ) because we _____________ (make) a bad mistake.
8. When the chairman ____________ (finish) speaking, he __________ (leave)the hall.
9.When I ______________(arrive) at the station, he ____________________(leave).
10..We _______________(learn) about 4000 English words by the end of last term.
11. We were surprised at what she ________already ______(do)
12. He ______________(not tell) you the news yet.
13. He said he _____________already_________(give) the book to the teacher.
14. She told me she _________________(be) to Sanya three times.
初一英语学习方法
1、养成良好的预习习惯
课前预习是独立获得知识的前提，也是提高听课效率的可靠保证。预习能减少听课的盲目性，激发你的求知欲望。预习可使自己初步熟悉教材，发现疑点和难点，找出自己的薄弱点，为下一步听讲作好充分的思想准备，并打下一定的基础。
如何进行预习：
1) 找出该单元的中心话题，即该单元的中心内容。
2)明确本单元的知识要点：如语法项目、句型及词汇，
3) 找出本单元的疑、难点。凡是在本单元出现而自己无法解决的知识点，即是重点，也可以说是难点。预习时，在书上作记号，标明重点、难点、疑点，并在笔记本上做好记录，注明本单元的知识结构、重、难点和预习体会等。
2、养成课堂上记笔记、积极发言、大胆回答问题的习惯
学生在课堂上认真听讲，注意力高度集中，不开小差;保持强烈的求知欲，积极思考老师提出的问题，踊跃发言，努力解决在预习中存在的问题，并作好课堂笔记，重点突出，难点醒目，疑点鲜明。以便复习时可以查阅。努力在课内有目标有意识地去识记该课的生词、短语、句型、重点句子。然后要注意一些语言在特定环境中的运用，特别是习惯表达法的运用。在运用中，要主动地用英语回答、讨论和提出问题，并注意角色扮演或做游戏等活动。初中生的英语知识主要还是从课堂上获得。
教师起的只是导演作用，关键是需要学生作为演员，积极投入，在参与的过程中提高听说读写能力和语言运用能力。因此，学生养成良好的听说读写训练习惯尤为重要，这是向课堂四十五分钟要质量的根本保证。有一小部分的学生怕害羞、怕出差错，不敢开口讲，这会给初中英语学习带来不利。俗话说：没有缺点，就不会进步。学生应该注意模仿并主动与教师配合，做一名好演员。
不要怕出错，今天说不好，不代表明天说不好;今天说得少，明天说得多，就是进步;别人这样表达，你能那样表达，你就有了创新。只有大胆实践、体会，才能得到巩固提高。
3、养成朗读背诵英语的习惯
英语是一门有声语言。学英语就要背诵，尤其是我们在母语环境下学习英语，首先要过好语音关。听清楚了再发音，继而进行朗读、背诵。“读书百遍，其义自见”就是其道理所在。在读、背的过程中，可以做到词不离句，句不离文，不知不觉间增强了语感，记牢了单词、短语和句型，同时也培养了理解能力，其实朗读背诵是学生记单词的最佳途径。因此，学过的句型、对话和课文要求学生朗读和背诵，这是提高英语水平的根本保证。
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