下面是小编精心整理的TOEFL英语语法辅导:名词词组与动名词,本文共3篇,仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。本文原稿由网友“宅男LF”提供。
篇1:TOEFL英语语法辅导:名词词组与动名词
TOEFL英语语法辅导:名词词组与动名词
名词短语或动名词主句(或者从句)中做主语或者宾语。
A、语法复习由名词构成名词词组的几种方法
1、n. + adj.短语,如the jobs available to women
2、n. +介词短语,如a child with reading problem
3、adv. + v.-ed + n.,如seemingly limited number
4、n. + v.-ed短语或者-ing短语
5、n. of sth
B、例题
例题1(1月考题)____in the desert is mainly due to the limited supply of desert water.
(A) Plants are widely spaced
(B) The spacing of plants is wide
(C) Plants to be spaced widely
(D) The wide spacing of plants
首先分析句子结构。该句的主干是:is due to the limited supply.这里,句子缺主语。所以,空格中应该填入名词或者名词词组。选项A和B都是完整的主谓结构,而非名词或名词词组。根据due to的用法,我们又能排除C,所以正确答案是D。
例题2(191月考题)
Most leaves are coated with a waterproof _____, or cuticle.
(A) that the covering
(B) and is covering
(C) covering
(D) by covering
这已经是一个简单的句子结构,即主谓完整。如果你认识waterproof这个词,你就知道空格里应该填入名词。因为waterproof是形容词,它只能修饰名词或者动名词。(这里的waterproof不能表示类别做名词,因为前面的冠词是a而不是the)你也可以根据平行结构,由or cuticle判断空格里应该填入名词或者动名词。(cuticle:表皮)而4个选项中只有C是名词或者动名词。
例题3(年8月考题)
The term belles-lettres is used to denote literary forms that contain_____, such as drama, poetry, essays, and novels.
(A) artistic, creative writing
(B) writing that artistic, creative
(C) artistic, creative, and writing
(D) them is artistic, creative writing
首先,分析句子结构。该句子的主干是:The term belles-lettres is used to denote literary forms。后面的that引导的从句修饰名词词组literary forms,contain是动词(包含),后面应该带名词或名词词组。不但如此,such as这个短语引出的.drama, poetry, essays, and novels应该是空格的同位语,再次说明空格内应填入名词或名词词组。选项A正好是能做contain的宾语的名词短语。其中,形容词artistic和creative修饰动名词writing,组成名词词组。选项B中的that后面缺少助动词is。选项D也能构筑一个完整的句子结构,但是表达甚是累赘,而且代词them指代错误(them指代forms)。所以,正确答案是A。
篇2:英语语法动名词与不定式的区别
动名词表达的是: 状态,性质,心境,抽象,经常性,已发生的
不定式表达的是: 目的,结果,原因,具体,一次性,将发生的
2) 接不定式或动名词,意义相同。
3) 动名词与不定式语义不同的有11 组:
1 stop to do stop doing
2 forget to do forget doing
3 remember to do remember doing
4 regret to do regret doing
5 cease to do cease doing
6 try to dotry doing
7 go on to do go on doing
8 afraid to do afraid doing
9 interested to do interested doing
10 mean to domean doing
11 begin/ start to do begin/ start doing
篇3:初中英语语法句子成分与接动名词的动词
语法专题句子成分
在句子中起着不同语法作用的部分,叫做句子成分。英语的句子成分有九种:
2.1 主语(subject→S)表示句子描述的是“谁”或“什么”,是谓语的陈述对象,通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等担任:
The book is on thedesk. 书在桌子上。(注:主语是 “the book”)
2.2 谓语动词(predicate verb)简称谓语,说明主语的动作或状态;由动词或动词短语担任:
I love English. 我喜欢英语。(注:谓语是“love”)
2.3 表语(predicative→P)说明主语的性质、特征、状态或身份,与连系动词一起构成复合谓语、通常由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词、分词或从句等担任:
I am Chinese. 我是中国人。(注:表语是“Chinese”)
2.4 宾语(object→O)表示及物动词或及物动词短语的对象或内容,或用于介词后构成介宾短语;通常由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等担任:
(注:及物动词+宾语;介词+宾语)
We love English. 我们热爱英语。(注:宾语是“English”)
▲ 宾语包括直接宾语(direct object→DO),简称直宾,表示动作的承受着;
间接宾语(indirect object→IO),简称间宾,表示动作的受益者:
He gave me a book. [me→间宾,a book→直宾]
2.5 定语(attributive )修饰或限定名词或代词用的;通常由形容词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词、分词或从句等担任:
That is a good book. 那是一本好书。(注:定语是“good”)
2.6 补语(complement)补充说明主语或宾语用的;通常由形容词、名词、代词、数词等担任:
They elected her monitor. 他们选她为班长。
(注:补语是“monitor”,补充说明宾语“her”是谁。)
2.7 状语(adverbial)修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子用的、通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词或从句等担任:
She runs fast.她跑得很快。(注:状语是“fast”修饰动词“runs”)
2.8 同位语(appositive)对前面的名词或者代词做进一步的解释;通常由名词、代词、数词或从句等担任,“同位”简单理解就是“同等地位”的意思:
This is Mr. Zhang, our headmaster. 这是我们校长,张先生。
(注:“our headmaster” 就是“Mr. Zhang”,“Mr. Zhang”就是“ourheadmaster”)
2.9 插入语(parenthesis)对一句话作一些附加的解释;通常由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词或从句等担任:
To be frank, I don’tquite agree with you.
坦白地说,我不太同意你们的意见。
(注:插入语是“to be frank”)
接动名词(不接不定式)作宾语的34个常用动词
admit doing sth. 承认做某事
advise doing sth. 建议做某事
allow doing sth. 允许做某事
appreciate doing sth. 感激做某事
avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
consider doing sth. 考虑做某事
delay doing sth. 推迟做某事
deny doing sth. 否认做某事
discuss doing sth. 讨论做某事
dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事
enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事
escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事
excuse doing sth. 原谅做某事
fancy doing sth. 设想做某事
finish doing sth. 完成做某事
forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事
forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事
give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
imagine doing sth. 想象做某事
keep doing sth. 保持做某事
mention doing sth. 提及做某事
mind doing sth. 介意做某事
miss doing sth. 错过做某事
pardon doing sth. 原谅做某事
permit doing sth. 允许做某事
practice doing sth. 练习做某事
prevent doing sth. 阻止做某事
prohibit doing sth. 禁止做某事
put off doing sth. 推迟做某事
report doing sth. 报告做某事
risk doing sth. 冒险做某事
stop doing sth. 停止做某事
suggest doing sth. 建议做某事
understand doing sth. 理解做某事
- 四级英语语法名词用法详解32: 名词所有格的三种表示方法2023-12-13