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英语中后置定语的相关知识介绍

时间：2024年06月18日

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下面是小编为大家整理的英语中后置定语的相关知识介绍，本文共12篇，如果喜欢可以分享给身边的朋友喔!本文原稿由网友“老目CK”提供。

篇1：英语中后置定语的相关知识介绍

后置定语

1)介词词组作后置定语

Bob has never touched money in the drawer.

鲍勃从未碰过抽屉里的钱。

The chip in the phone is the most important part.

手机中的芯片是最重要的部件。

The map of Shanghai is 100 years old.

那幅上海地图已经有1历史了。

模仿造句：

1.汤姆从未碰过袋子里的金子。

2.那房间里的床是新的。

2)不定式(词组)作后置定语

I have ten books to read.

我有10本要读的书。

There is nothing to be done.

没有能做的事。

We planned a partyto be held in the open.

我们计划了一个在露天举行的晚会。

模仿造句：

1.他有2个要听的故事。

2.有1橦房子待建。

3)单个动名词作后置定语(较少)

I will tell you something exciting.

我要告诉你一件令人兴奋的事。

The dog barking is not a dog biting.

叫狗不咬人。

模仿造句：

1.他要给你一本有趣的书。

2.爱说大话的人不太靠谱。

4)动名词词组作后置定语

The bady moved towards the small dog lying on the floor.

婴儿爬向躺在地板上的小狗。

The girl running atthe head is my sister.

跑在前头的女孩是我的姐姐。

No one is responsible for the water flowing out in vain.

没有人对白白流走的水负责。

模仿造句：

1.小孩爬赂在沙发(sofa)上睡觉的小猫。

2.跑在第一排(row)的学生来自中国。

作者|丹丹英语

公众号：英语语法学习

篇2：英语中哪些句子成分作后置定语

后置定语

1)单个过去分词充当后置定语(较少)

The power cut is going to last for some time.

断掉的电，好一阵子不会来。

The people concerned include class 1 and class 2.

篇3：英语中单个单词作后置定语的情况

英语中的“主语+谓语+宾语(+宾补)”的语序是相对固定的，简单的，容易掌握的，唯独定语和状语两种辅助成分的位置比较灵活，应该作为重点学习的内容。

单个单词作后置定语，比较少

1)常放在名词后的单个形容词(含形容词化的过去分词)

alive活着的

asleep睡着的

alike相似的

apart分开的

alone孤独的

awake醒着的

ablaze燃烧着的

afloat在水上的

abuilding建设中的

available(也可以前置)可获得的

concerned(也可以前置，但意思不同：担心的)相关的

involved(也可以前置，意思：包含的)卷入的

She was the only person alive.

她是唯一还活着的人。

The products available are of low quality.

能买到的产品都是质量很低。

2)修饰不定代词的单个形容词(过去分词、动名词)必须后置，作前置不合语法，也很别扭

I’ll show you something strange.

我要拿点奇怪的东西给你看。

Is there anything exciting?

有什么样令人激动的事吗?

Is there anyone injured?

有受伤的人吗?

3)有少数副词，尤其是时间副词和地点副词，能作后置定语

before,yesterday, today, now, here, there, everywhere, up, out, abroad, ahead,overhead (在头上), home, downstairs, on, off, below, upstairs, beneath (在下边), above, 等。

The topic today is about air pollution.

今天的话题是关于空气污染的。

The village below is on fire.

下面的村庄着火了。

Let me look at the room upstairs.

让我看看楼上的房间。

On my way home, I found one hundred yuan.

在回家路上，我捡到了100元。

篇4：英语中限制性定语从句相关知识讲解

限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句是对先行词的内容进行严格、明确限定的定语从句，与先行词的意思关系非常紧密。

此时如果把限制性从句移除，先行词的意思就会受影响，意思不完整、不清楚或者有很大的变化。

所以，限制性定语从句是不能移除的。

例如：

Give me the article that tells our company.

把讲述我们公司的文章给我。

(限定的是“讲述我们公司的那篇文章”，而不是别的文章)

Which is the motorb ike that you fixed on the 12th?

哪辆是你12号修理的摩托车?

(限定的是“你12号修的那辆摩托车”，不是别的或者其他日子修的摩托车)

定语从句中关系词的用法。

1.That is reason why I gave it up.

改为That is the reason why/why I gave it up.

2. Is this the place you are living?

改为：Is this the place you live in? Is this the place where you live?

3*. The books whom I bought are about languages.

改成：The books which/that I bought about languages

4*. There are some trees which’s leaves are yellow.

改成There are some trees whose leaves are yellow.

5*.Anyone that is well-educated won’t behave like this.

改成Anyone who is well-educated won't behave like this.

这里，

当先行词是he,one,all,any,they等时

例如： He who has not reached the Great Wallisn't a true man。

不到长城非好汉。

All who had seen this filmwere moved。

看过这部电影的人都受感动。

anyone应该是属于这一类。

作者|丹丹英语

联系公众号：英语语法学习

篇5：英语中单个单词作前置定语，词组做后置定语讲解

定语的前置与后置

英语中有前置定语，也有后置定语，那么哪些词语用作前置定语，哪些词语用作后置定语呢?

这是一个极其重要的问题，如果抓不住要领，造句子时常常模棱两可，颠来倒去，很不自信。

要领：单个单词作前置定语，词组作后置定语，除了少数例外。

1单个单词作前置定语

名词性：

1)单个数词：10 apples (10个苹果)

2)单个名词：college boys (大学男生)

形容词性：

3)单个冠词：a girl (一个女孩)

4)单个形容词：bad guys (坏蛋)

5)单个动名词：touching stories (动人的故事)

6)单个过去分词：wounded soldiers (受伤的士兵)

7)单个合成词：all-out support (全力支持)

2词组作后置定语

1)介词词组：a book on software (一本关于软件的书)

2)不定式词组：things to be done (要做的事情)

3)动名词词组：the dog barking loudly (大声吠叫的狗)

4)过去分词词组：the bird killed in the woods (在林子里打死的鸟)

5)形容词词组：something really important (一件真正重要的事)

(注意：形容词词组大多数情况下作前置定语，作后置定语很少。)

6)定语从句：the man whom we met last night (我们昨晚碰到的那人)

3词组也有例外，作前置定语

1)名词词组：middle schoolstudents (中学生)

2)形容词词组，限“副词+形容词”型：

另外，动名词词组(限“副词+动名词”型)和过去分词词组(限“副词+过去分词”型)都可以视为作形容词词组。比如：

very good pictures (很好的照片)

two very pressing things (两件很紧迫的事情)

a highly developed area (一个高度发达的地区)

篇6：托福阅读语法点中的后置定语5大类型介绍

托福阅读语法点中的后置定语5大类型介绍

什么是托福阅读中的后置定语?

托福阅读中后置定语，顾名思义分为后置和定语两个部分。后置也就是此种短语出现的位置是在名词之后，定语就是起到修饰限定作用的短语，注意是短语而不是句子，本质上相当于形容词。所以后置定语就是放在名词的后面起到限定修饰作用的短语。

托福阅读后置定语第一类

形容词做后置定语。如：fossil available.即为可用的化石。

托福阅读后置定语第二类

介词短语做后置定语。如lava on the surface，中 on the surface介词短语修饰lava，表示为表面上的熔岩。

托福阅读后置定语第三类

现在分词短语做后置定语。如the blood vessels carrying cooled blood.中的carrying cooled blood就是现在分词短语用来修饰限定the blood vessels，理解为运载着凉的血液的血管。

托福阅读后置定语第四类

过去分词短语做后置定语，the gradual drying of the soil caused by its diminished ability中的caused by its diminished ability就是过去分词短语做后置定语修饰the gradual drying of the soil，理解为减少的能力导致的土壤的干燥。

托福阅读后置定语第五类

不定式短语做后置定语。the ability to absorb water中to absorb water限定修饰 the ability，理解为吸收水的能力。

托福阅读TPO31第1篇:Speciation in Geographically Isolated Populations

【1】Evolutionary biologists believe that speciation, the formation of a new species, often begins when some kind of physical barrier arises and divides a population of a single species into separate subpopulations. Physical separation between subpopulations promotes the formation of new species because once the members of one subpopulation can no longer mate with members of another subpopulation, they cannot exchange variant genes that arise in one of the subpopulations. In the absences of gene flow between the subpopulations, genetic differences between the groups begin to accumulate. Eventually the subpopulations become so genetically distinct that they cannot interbreed even if the physical barriers between them were removed. At this point the subpopulations have evolved into distinct species. This route to speciation is known as allopatry (“alio-” means “different”，and “patria” means “homeland”).

【2】Allopatric speciation may be the main speciation route. This should not be surprising, since allopatry is pretty common. In general, the subpopulations of most species are separated from each other by some measurable distance. So even under normal situations the gene flow among the subpopulations is more of an intermittent trickle than a steady stream. In addition, barriers can rapidly arise and shut off the trickle. For example, in the 1800s a monstrous earthquake changed the course of the Mississippi River, a large river flowing in the central part of the United States of America. The change separated populations of insects now living along opposite shore, completely cutting off gene flow between them.

【3】Geographic isolation also can proceed slowly, over great spans of time. We find evidence of such extended events in the fossil record, which affords glimpses into the breakup of formerly continuous environments. For example, during past ice ages, glaciers advanced down through North America and Europe and gradually cut off parts of populations from one another. When the glacier retreated, the separated populations of plants and animals came into contact again. Some groups that had descended from the same parent population were no longer reproductively compatible—they had evolved into separate species. In other groups, however, genetic divergences had not proceeded so far, and the descendants could still interbreed—for them, reproductive isolation was not completed, and so speciation had not occurred.

【4】Allopatric speciation can also be brought by the imperceptibly slow but colossal movements of the tectonic plates that make up Earth’s surface. About 5 million years ago such geologic movements created the land bridge between North America and South America that we call the Isthmus of Panama. The formation of the isthmus had important consequences for global patterns of ocean water flow. While previously the gap between the continents had allowed a free flow of water, now the isthmus presented a barrier that divided the Atlantic Ocean from the Pacific Ocean. This division set the stage for allopatric speciation among populations of fishes and other marine species.

【5】In the 1980s, John Graves studied two populations of closely related fishes, one population from the Atlantic side of isthmus, the other from the Pacific side. He compared four enzymes found in the muscles of each population. Graves found that all four Pacific enzymes function better at lower temperatures than the four Atlantic versions of the same enzymes. This is significant because Pacific seawater is typically 2 to 3 degrees cooler than seawater on the Atlantic side of isthmus. Analysis by gel electrophoresis revealed slight differences in amino acid sequence of the enzymes of two of the four pairs. This is significant because the amino acid sequence of an enzyme is determined by genes.

【6】Graves drew two conclusions from these observations. First, at least some of the observed differences between the enzymes of the Atlantic and Pacific fish populations were not random but were the result of evolutionary adaption. Second, it appears that closely related populations of fishes on both sides of the isthmus are starting to genetically diverge from each other. Because Graves’s study of geographically isolated populations of isthmus fishes offers a glimpse of the beginning of a process of gradual accumulation of mutations that are neutral or adaptive, divergences here might be evidence of allopatric speciation in process.

托福阅读TPO31试题第1篇:Speciation in Geographically Isolated Populations

1.The word “promotes” in the passage is closest in meaning to

A.describes.

B.encourages.

C.delays.

D.requires.

2.According to paragraph 1, allopatric speciation involves which of the following?

A.The division of a population into subspecies.

B.The reuniting of separated populations after they have become distinct species.

C.The movement of a population to a new homeland.

D.The absence of gene flow between subpopulations.

3.Why does the author provide the information that “the subpopulations of most species are separated from each other by some measurable distance”?

A.To indicate how scientists are able to determine whether subpopulations of a species are allopatric.

B.To define what it means for a group of animals or plants to be a subpopulation.

C.To suggest that allopatric speciation is not the only route to subpopulation.

D.To help explain why allopatric speciation is a common way for new species to come about.

4.The word “accumulate” in the passage is closest in meaning to

A.Become more significant.

B.Occur randomly.

C.Gradually increase in number.

D.Cause changes.

5.In paragraph 2,why does the author mention that some insect populations were separated from each other by a change in the course of Mississippi River caused by an earthquake?

A.To make the point that some kind of physical barrier separates the subpopulations of most species.

B.To support the claim that the condition of allopatry can sometimes arise in a short time.

C.To provide an example of a situation in which gene flow among the subpopulations of a species happens at a slow rate.

D.To explain why insects living along opposite shores of the Mississippi River are very different from each other.

6.According to paragraph 3，separation of subpopulations by glaciers resulted in speciation in those groups of plants and animals that

A.were reproductively isolated even after the glaciers disappeared.

B.had adjusted to the old conditions caused by the glaciers.

C.were able to survive being separated from their parent population.

D.had experienced some genetic divergences from their parent population.

7.The word “colossal” in the passage is closet in meaning to

A.consistent.

B.gradual.

C.enormous.

D.effective.

8.According to paragraph 4, which of the following is true of the geologic movements that brought about the Isthmus of Panama?

A.The movements brought populations of certain fishes and marine organisms into contact with one another for the first time.

B.The movements transferred populations of fishes and other marine animals between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.

C.The movements created conditions that allowed water to flow more freely between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.

D.The movements created conditions for the formation of new species of fishes and other marine animals.

9.The word “sequence” in the passage is closet in meaning to

A.quality.

B.order.

C.function.

D.number.

10.According to paragraph 5, by comparing the enzymes from two related groups of fishes on opposite sides of the isthmus, Graves found evidence that

A.there were slight genetic divergences between the two groups.

B.the Atlantic group of fishes were descended from the Pacific group of fishes.

C.the temperature of water on either side of the isthmus had changed.

D.genetic changes in the Atlantic group of fishes were more rapid and frequent than in the Pacific group of fishes.

11.It can be inferred from paragraph 5 and 6 that the reason Graves concluded that some of the differences between the Pacific and Atlantic enzymes were not random was that

A.each of the Pacific enzymes works better in cooler waters.

B.the Enzymes of the Atlantic fish populations had not changed since the formation of the Isthmus of Panama.

C.gel electrophoresis showed that the changes benefited both the Atlantic and the Pacific fish populations.

D.the differences between the enzymes disappeared when the two fish populations were experimentally switched to other side of the isthmus.

12.Which of the sentence below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

A.Graves's study provides evidence that isthmus fishes are in the process of becoming geographically isolated.

B.Graves's study of mutating isthmus fishes yields results that differ from results of other studies involving allopatric speciation.

C.Graves's study of isolated populations of isthmus fishes provides some evidence that allopatric speciation might be beginning

D.Grave's study indicates that when isolated, populations of isthmus fished register neutral or adaptive mutations.

13. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence can be added to the passage.Where would the sentence best fit? The formation of the isthmus had important consequences for global patterns of ocean water flow.

Allopatric speciation can also be brought by the imperceptibly slow but colossal movements of the tectonic plates that make up Earth's surface. ■【A】 About 5 million years ago such geologic movements created the land bridge between North America and South America that we call the Isthmus of Panama. The formation of the isthmus had important consequences for global patterns of ocean water flow. ■【B】 While previously the gap between the continents had allowed a free flow of water, now the isthmus presented a barrier that divided the Atlantic Ocean from the Pacific Ocean. ■【C】This division set the stage for allopatric speciation among populations of fishes and other marine species. ■【D】

14. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passages or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.

Allopatric speciation takes place when physically separated populations of a single species gradually diverge genetically to the point of becoming unable to interbreed

A.Allopatric speciation is common because the gene flow between subpopulations is generally limited and the barriers that completely separate subpopulations can arise in a variety of ways.

B.During past ice ages, some, but not all, subpopulations separated by glaciers evolved into distinct species.

C.Speciation does not need to take place through allopatry because subpopulations will form distinct species whenever there are adaptive advantages or not

D.Physical barriers from glaciers and the movement of tectonic plates form so slowly that the subpopulations on either side of the barriers usually do not form distinct species.

E.Graves's study of fish populations separated by the Isthmus of Panama may well provide a picture of the beginning stages of speciation.

F.Graves's study of physically separated fish populations show that there must be large differences between the environments of the isolated populations if allopatric speciation is to take place.

托福阅读TPO31答案第1篇:Speciation in Geographically Isolated Populations

1.promote本身是促进的意思。另外原文这个句子意思是subpopulations间的物理分割...了新物种的形成，A描述，B促使，C减弱，D要求。所以B最合适的。

2.根据allopatric进行定位，可定位至本段的最后一句。最后一句是对前面现象的一个命名和定义。也就是说前面的内容，就是allopatry的意思。A与原文不附，原文说的是物理 barrier 把 population 分割成 subpopulation，B 也不对，对应Eventually这句。C原文没提到。D正确，对应从In the absence开始到最后。

3.高亮句前面的一句话，也就是本段的第一句(主旨句)，allopatry是main speciation route。本段都是围绕着这个主题来进行的。所以选择D。

4.词汇所在句说群落间基因的区别开始accumulate。 Eventually对理解这个词很有帮助，也就是说是渐渐发展的，才能说最终。所以答案在A，C之间。但因为这里强调了缓慢的过程，gradually更合适。

5.For example后面就是题目中的内容，那么也就是说作者用此作为例子来支持前面的观点。而前面的观点是 barriers也有可能突然发生，然后截断了这种trickle。所以对应的是B。

6.根据Glaciers 和 plants and animals定位，可得知这是glacier separation 导致的结果。所以对应选项A。

7.Colossal本身是巨大的，非常的意思，这里对应C选项。分析原文也可以得到正确答案，与colossal并列的词汇是slow，中间的逻辑关系词是but,证明两者有转折关系。再经过推断，缓慢的过程但量大的话就足以发生巨大的改变。所以选C。

8.根据 Isthmus of Panama 定位。从About开始。本段的最后一句说了isthmus of Panama带来的结果，对应了D选项。

9.高亮词所在句提到了氨基酸，酶，pairs这些话题，其实就是在说成对的基因，胶体电泳分析揭示了少量的氨基酸的不同。A质量，C 功能，D数量都不对，应该选择B顺序。

10.跟上面一题对应的位置是一样的。或者可以根据Graves found定位，阅读后面的部分可得出答案A。

11.A对应了标注句子，B明显错误，文章一直在说改变。C文章提到 gel electrophoresis的地方只是说氨基酸的顺序改变，但没说both benefited。D文章也没提到。

12.原文高亮句翻译为：格雷夫斯关于地峡鱼类地域隔离的种群研究为中性或适应性突变的逐渐累积过程的开始提供了一些线索，这里的差异可能会给正在进行的异域性物种的形成提供证据。所以主干部分为...的研究为..的开始提供了线索，对应C。

13.要插入的句子提到了 formation of the isthmus，那么证明句子前面的内容中己经出现了isthmus，而后面则是要说明consequences。第二个空符合逻辑，所以选择B。

14.ABE

篇7：英语中词形变化的相关知识介绍

1.规则动词的过去式和过去分词，在动词原形的结尾加ed，所有规则动词的变形有三种，余下为特殊变形，例示：

规则动词的变形：

原形：play

过去式：played

过去分词：played (与过去式相同)

动名词：playing

不定式：to play

不规则动词的变形：

原形：write

过去式：wrote

过去分词：written

动名词：writing

不定式：to write

2.系动词be有七种变形：

现在式：am：接在第一人称I后面

is：接在小三即第三人称后面，即he,she,it和单数名词后面

are：接在复数名词和主语you,we, they后面

过去式：was, were

动名词：being

过去分词：been

3.一般现在时以第三人称作主语时，谓语动词尾加s，少数以s,x,sh,ch以及以o结尾的动词加es(以便于发音)，以y结尾的改y为i再加es。例如：

Jim speaks alittle English. 杰姆会说一点英语。

He does hishomework as soon as possible. 他尽可能快地做家庭作业。

She studies sciences.她学习科学。

4.在虚拟句子中，谓语动词的变形是特殊的。例如：

If I wereyou, I would give my doctor a call. 如果我是你的话，我会打电话给医生。

5.词义相同，但词类转换时常常要变化词形。这一条很容易被忽视，应该强化意识与操练。

succeed→success

成功(动词) →成功(名词)

×She successed in the end.

√She succeeded in the end.

作者|丹丹英语

公众号：英语语法学习

篇8：中考英语知识梳理：定语从句

共13人对这份知识概要评价，平均分为3

(总分为5分)

定语从句是现行教材中新增加的一个重要语法项目，同时也应是各地中考的必测内容之一。本文试结合典型试题就该语法项目中可能出现的考点作分类例析，供同学们复习迎考时参考。

【考点预测1】考查关系代词与关系副词的用法。

【典型题例】

-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week．

-Is that the reason ______ you had a few days off？

A．why

B．when

C．what

D．where

【简析】根据题意可知，上句是下句“请假”的原因，所以应该选择表示原因的关系副词why来修饰the reason，故A项正确。

【考点归纳】定语从句中常见的关系代词有who（whom），whose，that和which，它们的用法分别为：

① who用来代人（即它的先行词必须是人），在从句中可担任主语和宾语。但who的前面不能有介词，如果带介词，则必须用宾格的whom ：介词＋whom。如：

He is the boy with whom I went there．他就是和我一起去那儿的男孩。

另外，当关系代词that用来代人时，关系代词who和that在许多情况下可以通用。但有时须用who，而不用that：

a．先行词是one，ones，anyone和those时，须用who。如：

One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth．

一个无所畏惧的人敢于说实话。

b．在there be开头的句子中。如：

There is an old man who wants to see you．有位老人要见你。

c．一个句子带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that，另一个须用 who。如：

The girl that you met last week is the monitor who studies very hard．

上周你遇到的那位女孩是位学习非常努力的班长。

② whose是代词的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物。当whose代物时，它相当于… of which。如：

Please show me the book whose cover is black．

＝Please show me the book，the cover of which is black．

请把封面是黑色的书拿给我看看。

③ 当that和which在限定性定语从句中代物时，which常可以和that通用，但有时只宜用which，不用that：

a．关系代词前有介词。如：

This is the room in which you will stay．这将是你住的房间。

b．如果两个定语从句，其中一句的关系词是that，另一句宜用which。如：

Let me show you the book that I borrowed from the library，which was newly open to us．

让我给你看看我从重新开放的图书馆借来的书。

另外，非限定性定语从句中，只宜用 which，不能用that。

关系副词where，when和why用来引导定语从句时，它和关系代词一样，具有多种作用：

a．在定语从句中代替先行词。

b．在从句中担任成分--状语，在从句中起副词和介词短语作用。

c．起连接作用，它把两个句子连接成为一个带有定语从句的主从复合句。如：

This is the house where I was born．这是我出生的那间房子。

We'll never forget the day when we joined the League．我们永远难忘入团的那一天。

The reason why I am calling you is to invite you to my birthday party．

我给你打电话是因为想邀请你参加我的生日聚会。

【解题技巧】由上可见，选择关系代词与关系副词的关键取决于关系词在从句中所担当的成分：如果关系词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语时，只能用关系代词；如果关系词在从句中作状语（时间、地点、原因）则用关系副词。

【考点预测2】考查that引导的定语从句。

【典型题例】

This is the best way ______ has been used against pollution．

A．where

B．why

C．which

D．that

【简析】指事物的先行词前有“形容词最高级”修饰时，只能用关系代词that。故本题的正确答案是D项。

【考点小结】如有下列情形之一者，只能用that引导定语从句。

a．先行词为all，everything，anything， nothing，few，little，much，any，the one等时。

b．先行词既有人又有物时。

c．指事物的先行词前面有“形容词最高级”、“序数词”或no，the only，the very，the last修饰时。

d．以who，which引出的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句。

【考点预测3】考查which在非限定性定语从句中的应用。

【典型题例】

The result of the experiment was very good，______ we hadn't expected（预料）．

A．when

B．that

C．which

D．it

【简析】该题中所提供的四个选项中，it不可引导从句，that不能引导非限定性定语从句，when不合题意，故正确答案只能是C项。

核心知识

【考点小结】

① 限定性定语从句用于修饰和限定先行词，与先行词之间的关系非常密切。它所修饰的词代表一个（些）或一类特定的人或东西。如果删去，则剩下的部分意思就会含糊不清。如：

This is the man who gave me the money．这就是给我钱的那个人。

上句如删去从句who gave me the money，则成了This is the man．（这是那个人。）完全失去了整个句子的意思，因而不能删掉。

② 非限定性定语从句，在意义上，它是先行词的一个附加修饰语，是对先行词的进一步说明。如果删去它，不影响整个句子的基本意思。如：

Wang Dong，who is in the room，wants to ask you some questions．

王东，他在房间里，想问你几个问题。

上述主句是Wang Dong wants to ask you some questions，如果删去从句（who is in the room），并不影响整个句子基本意思的表达。

③ 限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的区别可用表解如下：

④ 另外，在意思上，有时限定性和非限定性定语从句的区别还是较大的。如：

In their class，there are fifteen students who can speak English well．（限定性定语从句）在他们班上有十五位英语说得好的学生。（可以看出他们班学生要多于十五位）

In their class，there are fifteen students， who can speak English well．（非限定性定语从句）他们班上有十五位学生，他们英语说得很好。（可以看出他们班上共有十五名学生，他们英语口语都好。）

【考点预测4】综合考查引导宾语从句的连词和引导定语从句的代词的用法。

【典型题例】

He said _____ the man ______ had robbed the bank had long hair．

A．who；who

B．who；that

C．that；who

D．that；which

【简析】该题为：他说那个抢劫银行的男人留着长发。通过审题可发现在该复合句中，既包含了宾语从句，也包含了定语从句，根据宾语从句和定语从句的相关知识，可知正确答案应是C项。

【考点预测5】考查把简单句转换为含有定语从句的复合句。

【典型题例】

I like Chinese tea with nothing in it．（同义句）

I like Chinese tea ______ nothing in it．

【简析】原句意为“我喜欢中国清茶”。通过观察下句可知应用定语从句来修饰“tea埂9收确答案为：that／which has。

【解题技巧】定语从句常用来修饰名词或代词，来表达所修饰的名词或代词的特征。所以中考在该题型上常考查：

a．关系代词或关系副词的选用。

b．主谓一致。

试对比：I bought a book yesterday．It was very interesting．

＝The book which I bought yesterday was very interesting．

I bought some books yesterday．They were very interesting．

＝The books which I bought yesterday were very interesting．

【考点预测6】考查“将含有定语从句的复合句转换为简单句”。

【典型题例】

The girl who is wearing the red coat is very clever．（同义句）

The girl ______ the red coat is very clever．

【简析】读题后可知：上句含义是“穿红上衣的女孩非常聪明”，对应下句时，可知空格处应填“穿”，故in是正确答案。

【解题技巧】in，with连接短语或词组来修饰名词，表明名词的形态和特征。这类简单句可以转换为定语从句。如：

The strange thing with three legs was used for drinking long before．

＝The strange thing which／that has three legs was used for drinking long before．

【考点预测7】考查定语从句中动词的时态。

【典型题例】

Miyoko was looking at the photos that she ______ in Beijing．

A．was taking

B．takes

C．has taken

D．had taken

【简析】该题中主句是过去进行时，因此首先排除B、C两项。再根据常识，又可排除A项。故只有D项为正确答案。

【解题技巧】语境型时态题在近年各地中考试题中频频出现，在定语从句中考查动词的时态，使考生更难准确判断动词的时态。解该类题时，同学们一定要领会语境，然后再根据主、从句中动词的先后顺序来确定动词的时态。

总之，定语从句知识点繁多，但在现行教材中涉及到的内容较少。同学们在复习时，应注重基本知识的牢固掌握，对一些常见的考点熟记于心，再进行适当练习，中考时定能取胜。

篇9：英语中总句型的相关知识介绍

At home my mother oftenasks me to review mylessons when I watch TV.

在家里当我看电视时，我妈经常叫我去复习功课。

Now people incities seldom want acquaintances to visit their homes on weekdays or holidays.

如今不管平时还是假日，城里人很少要熟人去串门。

英语句子中只要出现名词，在它前面或后面都可以按表意需要加定语。

总句型是英语句子的核心结构，其他的的五个句型(也可称两个句型，即状态型与动作型)都是从该句型演变而来，它使句子结构达到最简化的理想状态.

因此，熟记总句型是极其重要的。

利用总句型，分别分析你所碰到的英语句子，5个以上。

例如：

星期天我的一些同学经常在操场上踢足球。

Sunday my classmates often playfootball on the playground.

状语+主语+状语+谓语+状语

作者|丹丹英语

公众号：英语语法学习

篇10：英语学习中自然语序的相关知识介绍

句子成分在句中的位置和顺序以及句子成分内部的词语排序叫语序。

主要是对英语语序没有清晰透彻的认识和把握。现在多种英语考试中写作、口语占了很大的分量，所以应该重视语序的学习。

1.自然语序

使用最广泛的英语句子结构总规律的语序就是自然语序，也就是我们前面讲的总句型。一定牢记：

状语+主语+状语+谓语+宾语+宾补+状语。

1)多数时候主语位于句首，有时它前面中以放状语。

2)谓语通常紧跟主语，少数时候在它前面可以插入表示频率、否定、程度的状语(主要是像seldom, never, surely等单个副词)。

3)宾语通常紧跟谓语。

4)宾补通常紧跟宾语。宾补较少使用。

5)句尾状语修饰谓语，无宾语时跟在谓语后面;有宾语时跟在宾语后面;有宾补时就跟在宾补后面。

状语有3个基本位置。用得最多的是句尾状语，其次是句首状语，句中状语最少用。

注：定语可以放在上任何名词的前面或者后面(只要表意需要)。

In Shanghai (状语) we(主语) often(状语)invite(谓语)our(定语) friends(宾语) to go shopping(宾补) on weekend (状语).

在上海我们常常在周末朋友们去购物。

在总语序的框架内，常常出现几种灵活的基本组合(即五种基本句型和辅助成分定语、状语的增减)：

1.1主语+谓语

We go.我们去。

状语+主语+谓语+状语。(句首、句尾状语可根据需要任意取舍。)

In one word we will go tomorrow.

总而言之，我们明天去。

1.2主语+系动词+表语。(=主语+谓语)

(合成谓语)

We are students.

我们是学生。

加状语：状语+主语+系动词+表语+状语

Now we are students in America.

现在我们在美国当学生。

加定语：状语+主语+系动词+定语+表语+状语+后置定语

Noww e are international students in Americawhich we have longed to visit.

现在我们在一直渴望参观的美国当留学生。

篇11：英语中五个基本句的相关知识介绍

句型1：主语+系动词(be)+表语

(系动词(be)+表语=第2种谓语)

He is a great man.

他是一个了不起的人。

Who is John Smith?

谁是约翰-史密斯?

Miss Li was a nurse.

李小姐曾经是一个护士。

(过去是，现在不是护士了。)

句型2：主语+谓语

She knows.

她知道。

They are working.

他们正在工作。

All the teachers have arrived.

所有的学生都到了。

句型3：主语+谓语+宾语

I like English.

我喜欢英语。

Mother will call you.

妈妈会打电话给你。

Tim is playing a game.

提姆在玩一个游戏。

句型4：主语+谓语+间宾+直宾

(谓语后面带了两个宾语，第一个间宾，一般指人;第二个直宾，一般指物)

Who told you the truth?

谁告诉你真相?

English teacher taught us a song.

英语老师教给我们一首歌。

Jane will give you a surprise.

珍尼将给你(或者你们)一个惊喜。

句型5：主语+谓语+宾语+宾补

以to do结构作宾补的情况，如下：

My sister wants you to call back.

我姐姐(或者妹妹)要你回电话。

Mary asked me to tell her the truth.

玛丽叫我告诉她实际情况。

The policeman order me to stay back.

警察命令我退后。

其中，第1种类型也叫做状态型，第2~5种也叫做动作型。

作者|丹丹英语

公众号：英语语法学习

篇12：英语中现在一般时的用法的知识介绍

现在一般时的用法

动词型原形动词

系表型 am(is/are)+表语

1、表示普遍的真理或者客观事实

The earth is round.

地球是圆的。

The earth runs around the sun.

地球围绕着太阳转。

8 plus 8 equals 16.

8加8等于16。

仿照练习：

1.火是热的。

2.太阳从东方升起。

3.4加4等于8。

2、表示眼下的瞬间动作

We accept your invitation.

我们接受你的邀请。

Look carefully, I blow atthe cloth, it moves a little and nowchanges into a bunch of flowers.

仔细看好了,我吹一下布,它动了一下,现在变成了一束鲜花。

仿照练习：

1.Lily说她接受你的玫瑰花。

2.瞧好了,我赂这枚硬币一吹,它发出响声,现在变大了。

3、有时表示过去的行为,代替过去一般时,仅限于hear, tell, say等几个动词

I hear they are opened a new zoo.

我听说他们开了一个新的动物园。

Lily tells us that she will not give up.

莉莉告诉我们她不会放弃。

Two of them say you were absent.

他恨你。

仿照练习：

1.我听说你要去加拿大。

2.他选择我他要坚持到底(stick it out)。

3.他们说你在撒谎。

4、有时表示将来的行为,代替将来一般时,尤其在状语从句中

We have classes tomorrow morning.

我们明天上午有课。

=We will have classes tomorrow morning.

Next time I come to your office.

下次你来你办公室。

When she calls back, tell her to come to my place.

当她回电话时，叫她到我这里来。

仿照练习：

1.我明天下午有数学课。

2.下次你去我公司。

3.当他们到达这里时，叫他们先休息一会儿

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