以下是小编为大家准备的高二英语（下）词语荟萃，本文共4篇，供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。本文原稿由网友“新版辉仔”提供。
篇1：高二英语（下）词语荟萃
苏苑中学 许凤整理
Unit 13
1. compare notes with sb on sth
2. fit the puzzle ( the lock…)
3. learn sth. by oneself
4. get along with
5. all through one’s life
throughout one’s life
6. be content to do sth
be content with sth
7. receive/get/take a doctor’s degree
8. lead to sth/doing sth
9. receive worldwide praise for
10. win the Nobel Prize for
11. take American nationality
12. make music
13. work out
14. stick to sth/ doing sth
15. be respected as
16. take sides ( in )
take the side of sb
17. further education
Unit 14
1. feel like doing
2. so/as far as I know
3. have sth on ( He has sth on every day. 他每天都有事。)
4. once every month
5. in space
6. the lighter the better
7. in this way = by this means = with this method
8. It’s likely/ probable/ possible that… ( sb./sth. is likely to do…)
9. in the next day or two
10. keep out of
11. dozens of
12. carry out
13. with the help of
14. look into
Unit 15
1. personal affairs
2. see to
3. mean to do ( compare: mean doing )
4. make a note of
5. make a plan for
6. It’s time (that) …did… ( It’s time I went to bed. )
7. be famous/ well-known as…; be famous/ well-known for…
8. pay sb a visit/pay a visit to sb
9. no matter = never mind = It doesn’t matter.
10. do some building repairs
11. have little furniture
12. keep pets
13. have no idea = don’t know
14. There’s no doubt about it. / Sb. has no doubt about sth.
15. long before ( compare: before long )
16. in silence
17. strike a match
18. break into
19. from now/today/that time/then on
20. be supposed to do
Unit 16
1. do well ( in )
2. leave school = graduate
3. make up one’s mind to do
4. take a deep breath/ breathe deeply
5. be made up of
6. …by the day/week/month.. ( compare: …by weight/volumn )
7. stay clean = keep clean
8. natural springs
9. on (the) average
10. at a time
11. beg one’s pardon
12. a variety of animal life
13. provide sth for sb. = provide sb with sth
14. feed on = live on; feed…on
15. three meals a day
16. cross out
17. leave out
18. sth occur to sb
19. force the door open
Unit 17
1. the majority of people
2. be out of work
3. persuade sb to do sth = persuade sb into doing sth
4. make a decision/ choice/ change
5. throughout the world/ all over the world
6. in (the) future
7. the growing conditions of vegetables
8. as well as
9. speak into the telephone
10. turn on the heating
11. carry out one’s instructions
12. labour force/workforce
13. in the fields of education/health/research
14. play an important part in…
15. computer skills
16. information records
17. computer programs
18. search for; search sp for sth/sb
19. at present
20. be against/for
21. satisfy / meet the needs/ demands of
22. medical care
23. take sth for example/as an example
24. get/fall/be taken ill
25. keep fit/ healthy
26. developed countries; developing countries
27. vote for
28. less and less
Unit 18
1. a play on words
2. a large collection of jokes
3. lay the table
4. by accident = by chance
5. be on vacation = be on holiday
6. light a cigar
7. get a coffee/get two coffees
8. move from side to side
9. get talking = start talking
10. have sth in common
11. make an announcement
12. pay attention to; take notice of
13. get in touch with; keep in touch with; lose touch with
14. or rather
15. be up to
16. on one’s own (compare: of one’s own)
17. turn up ( = appear )
18. in the direction of
19. be determined to do
20. think of ; think highly of ..
21. knock ..off
22. enjoy a long life
23. treat sth as a joke
24. work permit
25. be angry with sb; be angry about sth
26. a couple of hours
Unit 19
1. want equal rights
2. demand better housing and jobs
3. join in
4. put sb in/into prison; send/take sb to prison; throw sb to prison
5. in bad condition
6. set sb an example = set an example to sb
7. achieve one’s goal
8. in one’s lifetime
9. across the country/throughout the country
10. hold important jobs in government
11. share a ride
12. give in
13. be in danger
14. separate…from ( separate sections )
15. win a nationwide support
16. side by side; shoulder to shoulder
Unit 20
1. turn out
2. dream of
3. come true
4. What time is it by your watch?
5. achieve success
6. in one’s personal lives
7. play music
8. have …attitude to/ towards sb
9. as a matter of fact = in fact = actually
10. end up with ( begin/ start with )
Unit 21
1. sb. be familiar with sth.
2. sth be familiar to sb.
3. earn/ make one’s living
4. learn…by heart
5. in praise of
6. passers-by ( lookers-on )
7. from generation to generation = from one generation to another
8. pass down
9. dance to music
10. a bathing cap/suit 浴帽/泳衣
11. an operating table 手术台
12. a weighing machine 秤
13. a racing bicycle 赛车
14. a packing case 货箱
15. drinking water 饮用水
Unit 22
1. let… in
2. in peace
3. fall in love with
4. make sure of
5. suffer from
6. in public
7. burn … to the ground
8. sentence … to death
9. do a good deed
10. call for help
11. take up one’s guns
12. a chemist’s shop = a drug store
13. the coming week
14. set fire to sth / set sth on fire
Unit 23
1. get together
2. all the best
3. have a word with=have a talk with sb
(compare: have words with sb = quarrel with sb)
4. connect with
5. in other words
6. free of charge
7. dial the wrong number
8. ring off
9. mobile phone (MP)
10. be due to do sth 预定做某事 （另：be due to = because of ）
11. sewing machine
12. a needle and thread 一根针线
Unit 24
1. wish sb success/victory/good luck
2. congratulate sb on sth
3. make lots of/great/rapid progress
4. go on a picnic
5. make every effort (spare no effort)
6. get/ be tired of
7. start a school (compare: run a school)
8. drop in on sb at sp
9. be on the phone
10. help sb out
11. insist on sth/doing sth
12. owe sb sth/ owe sth to sb
13. drink to … 为…干杯
14. business interests 商业股份
15. have another support in sb 还有另一个支持者
篇2：高二英语下教学计划
高二英语下教学计划
高二下学期是高中阶段一个重要的时期，是进入高三的一个转折点，这一时期的教育教学尤其重要，因此特制定如下教育教学计划：
一、指导思想
以新课程标准为准绳，以外研版新教材为依托和基础，密切关注高考动态，充分发挥团队功能，挖掘学生潜能，扎实抓好双基，始终坚持大量的语言积累与适时、有效的语言综合训练，努力提高学生的综合素质和解题技巧，以适应高考的形式和要求。
突出英语教学实践第一的观点，教学中注意教学策略和学习策略的渗透，注意学生情感态度和动机的培养，促进心智，文化意识的培养，注重教学的反思。根据认知规律，提高学生自主学习和合作学习的能力，培养学生终生学习的能力。
研究高考试题和高考动向，从思想上和行动上提前带领学生进入高三。
二、学情分析
本届高高二学生虽已经过近两年的高中英语学习，但情况并不容乐观。尖子生不尖，大多数学生基础不够扎实，活学活用能力欠缺，推理、概括能力严重不足，答题欠规范等问题相当突出，而且相当一部分学生英语底子薄，厌学情绪严重，所以在对学生全面抓紧，强化训练的同时，兼顾学生情趣，营造和谐、轻松而又高效的课堂，是我们每一位英语教师都必须努力解决的课题。
三、教材分析
本学期要完成选修七、八两本书，使学生达到课标规定的八级要求。选修教材侧重知识的融合、综合和复习总结，教材难度明显加大，词汇量加大，篇幅加长;侧重技能的融合，阅读与表达以及知识的宽度与厚度;语言知识、文化思维、话题范围及词汇量既有对必修的重现，又有一定的扩展。
四、教学任务
依据教学步骤完成模块7及模块8的教学内容：各模块课标基本词汇的.掌握;各模块基础语法项目的复习;各模块写作项目;各模块的听力训练。
以课本为主，以夯实基础为主，能使绝大部分学生看懂课文，掌握基本的词法，句法，获得使用基本的语言知识及基本技能。
要加大学生的课外阅读量，达到3万词;重视各种能力的提升;加强学法指导，帮助学生养成良好的学习习惯和自主学习的能力;加大知识落实力度，重视知识积累;改变教学方式，保持学生学习兴趣。
五、教学措施
1、研究并创造性地使用教材，做好教材整合与删减工作，结合学生实际，发扬教材特点 。
2、加强课堂教学管理，以提高课堂教学效益。
3、培养学生的阅读技能，各模块的教学中，重视阅读教学，充分利用模块里面的四篇阅读文章，有计划的指导学生掌握科学的阅读方法。
4、加大写作训练的力度，鼓励学生学致使用。并要求学生背范文、教师精选的课文段落、写作必背句型，使他们熟习英语的句式构造及习惯用法，从句到篇，从而写出完好的英语文章。另外每周进行一篇写作训练，鼓舞运用背过的句型，提高学生的写作技能。坚持作文训练，训练题材，方法力求多样化，并能及时进行讲评。鼓励学生写英文日记。
5、综合训练
每一单元进行一次综合练习，习题的训练在于精而不在于多。高二下学期的学生，很快就要进入高三然后参与高考。因而在打牢根底的同时，应该让他们了解高考的情形，适当选择部分高考题，让学生感受、体验;尤其是对尖子生，要鼓励他们去做高考题。要重点加强完形和阅读这两大板块的训练力度。
6、虽然高考听力不计入总分，我们仍要坚持训练，使英语学习完整，促进英语学习的其他方面，在教材听力材料的基础上，利用英语周报对学生进行听力训练。
7、单词一直是学生的难点，薄弱点，直接影响学生综合能力的提高，在教学中要重视词汇教学，狠抓单词的记忆与巩固以及对词汇的意义与用法的掌握。以教材文章为根底，扩大词汇量，做到每学完一篇课文，就行词汇检测。在平常教学进程中不时扩展词汇量，词汇教学以新带旧，从而到达稳固扩大词汇的目的，做到常常催促、检测，帮学生掌握科学的单词记忆的方法和养成勤查词典的习惯。
篇3： 度高二英语下教学总结怎么写
本学期我担任了高二两个班的英语教学工作，并担任高二英语备课组长的工作，任务艰巨，但在同备课组老师的协同合作下，我认真履行职责，始终坚持高标准、严要求地开展各项教学教研活动，圆满地完成了学校安排的各项工作，自身的教学素养、业务水平和综合能力等都有了很大提高。学期即将结束，回顾这一学期，有辛勤的耕耘，有收获的喜悦，也有不少遗憾和困惑。现将一学期来的工作情况以及今后的努力方向总结如下：
一、认真做好常规的教学工作，努力提高教育教学质量。
开学初，根据学校要求，我认真写好教学计划，在教学计划的指导下，备好课，写好每一节课的教案。备课时认真钻研教材，虚心向同备课组的老师学习、请教，力求吃透教材，找准重点、难点。为了上好每一节课，我上网查资料，集中别人的优点来确定自己的教学思路。为了使学生能更直观地感受所学的知识内容，我积极制作课件，利用网络、书籍以及各种信息渠道拓展教学资源。上课时认真讲课，力求突破重难点，做到精讲精练。同时运用多种教学方法，从学生的实际出发，注意调动学生学习的积极性和自主性。有成效地开展了培优扶差工作，尤其对学困生更注意思想工作的开展及课余的的辅导。课后及时做好课后反思，注意总结经验寻求差距，提高了教学质量，圆满完成了学校交给的教学任务。
二、重视初、高中英语教学衔接工作的开展，帮助学生尽快顺利适应高中英语的学习。
高二是高中的起始年段，是中学生英语学习的转折点，是一个承上启下关系到学生在高中阶段能否学好并取得更大进步的关键的一学年。在学生中，对初中英语知识的掌握存在着缺陷与断层的现象普遍存在，这给我的教学工作增加了不少难度。同时，学生在两个月的暑假期间，由于没有继续学习巩固而造成的知识遗忘、回生，也使刚开始的教学步履维艰。针对这种现象，为了使高二的新生在较短的时间内适应高中的英语教学，我认真分析研究初高中的学生、初高中的教材、教学目的要求、教学方法的异同点，积极地寻求良好衔接的途径和方法。
1、根据学生掌握英语知识和技能的实际，做好教材、教学目的和要求的衔接。
北师大版教材典型的特点是语言输入量大，设计的教学环节活动多。如果我按照教材一步一步地走，势必课时不足，而且有些活动并不适合自己的学生。因而我在了解初中英语教材、初中英语语言知识体系和教学班学生的知识和技能实际的基础上灵活地把教材中的内容作弹性处理，或增加，或删改，或浓缩，或简化，突出重点，巧破难点，做到化繁为简，化难为易。同时，在每一模块教学的开始上好“learningtolearn”这一课，让学生清楚地了解本模块的教学要求和课堂教学活动的各项任务，使每节课的教学目的和要求更符合学生的实际，更能有效地指导教学。
2、搞好初、高中英语语言知识的教学衔接工作。
在新课的教学时注重初、高中英语语言知识的相互联系和相互渗透，使学生的由基础知识向语言能力迁移的能力得到提高。如结合新词汇的教学加强对学生的语音训练，使那些还不能正确运用读音规则独立拼读单词和流利地朗读课文的学生摆脱处处依赖教师的被动局面，为培养学生自学能力打下基础，同时也培养了学生学习词汇和记忆词汇的能力。
3、注意初、高中学生的心理转变，做好英语教学形式的衔接。
高中的学生心理发育已接近成熟，思维具有较高概括性和抽象性，更渴望通过积极主动的思考来获取知识，通过自己的创造性思维来获得学习上的成功感和满足感。所以在课堂上我尽可能多地设计一些交际性和创造性都比较强的教学活动，活跃学生的思维，锻炼学生的能力。
4、重视学生非智力因素的培养和衔接。
上高中后，学生普遍感到课业负担加重，难度加大，英语往往会成为一些学生放弃或懈怠的首选科目，我特别注意学生这方面的苗头，重视学生学习习惯的养成、学习意志力和自信心的培养。同时，重视情感教育，主动与学生建立平等亲切的师生关系，用爱心去对待每一位学生，使学生能愉快地融入我的课堂，积极参与学习活动。
三、积极参加教研活动，努力提高自身的教学教研水平。
我积极参加教研组、备课组的教研活动，认真学习新课标、把握新教材，使自己的教学更快更好地适应新课改的要求。作为备课组组长，我及时制定了详细的备课组活动计划，在同组老师的倾心配合下，任务得以顺利落实。备课组认真研讨备课新模式，积累搜集了大量的可共享交流的课程资源，此外，高二英语备课组还在材料搜寻、课件制作、练习编写等方面分工合作，共享资源，发挥了个人的优势和特色，整体提高了备课效率。通过举办组内备课活动，老师之间的交流、研讨、相互借鉴的机会增多，对更好的把握、驾驭新教材起到了较大的促进作用。通过几次集体备课活动，我不仅积累了宝贵的经验，研究视野也开阔了，把握新课程的能力增强了。
四、存在的教学困惑：
经过认真分析总结，本学期主要在以下几个方面存在困惑：
1、学生个体的英语知识基础和技能差异很大，在教学的整个过程中，尤其是每一节课的教学中如何同时兼顾到各个层次的学生，尤其是优生和学困生?
2、教材内容多，课时紧张，教学任务繁重，如何在有限的时间内去完成繁重的教学任务?
3、学生知识和能力的缺陷大，教材全部采用英文编写，需要的词汇量太大，很多学生，特别是基础较差的学生学起来很吃力，如何在传授新知识和“查缺补漏”上协调?
4、教参简单，课文和对话涉及的背景多，制作课件及备课时查找图文和音频、视频资料费时多，教学上需要自主发挥的创新空间大，如何应对这种压力?
5、在语言学习材料多而广和学生活动大大增加的情况下，如何讲求效率，充分利用有限的学时?
五、今后的努力方向：
教育工作，是一项常做常新、永无止境的工作。社会在发展，时代在前进，学生的特点和问题也在发生着不断的变化。面临教书育人的巨大压力、理论与实践之间的冲突，我将坚持在思想上、工作上、学习上不断地探索学习，正确引领并促进自己教育教学技能的专业成长，不断突破旧的思维方式和个人时间管理方式，逐步树立正确的教学观、质量观等素质教育新观念，加强日常工作的归纳、总结与反思，加强自身基本功的训练，以便今后更好地进行教育教学实践。
篇4：-（下）高二英语单元重难点Us13---15
Unit 13 The water planet
重点词汇
1. cube 1)立方形, 立方体, 方块; 2)立方;三次幂
Please bring me an ice cube (一块冰块)out of the fridge.
The cube of 2 is 8. 2的3次幂是8.
The cube root of 27 is 3. 27的立方根是3.
cubic立方的；立方形的
2. benefit 1) vt. “对…有利”, 后面接名词&代词, 但不接反身代词
Exercise benefit our health.
Your advice benefited me a great deal..
The fresh air will benefit you.
2) vi. “获益, 得益于”,后面可接from/ by
We benefit by/ from daily exercises.
The plants benefited from the rain.
3) n.益处, 好处(可数& 不可数)
I told them all the benefits of fresh air and exercise.
He got a lot of benefit from the holiday.假期让他受益匪浅！
Your advice was of great benefit to me. 你的忠告对我很有好处
4) for the benefit of 为了…的利益； be of benefit to sb. 对…有好处
3. property
1) 财产; 不动产; 所有权(不可数); (某处特定的)地产(可数)
This small house is my only property （唯一的财产）
With the city developing rapidly, property in the center is becoming more expensive.
He has a large property in the county. 他在这个县有一大宗地产。
2)性能, 特性(可数)
One property of steel is its hardness. 坚固是钢的特性之一
He is studying the medicinal properties of wild plants. 他正在研究野生植物的药物特性。
Many plants have medicinal properties.
4. range
1)vt.“排列, 归类”, 其宾语为排列对象,后接介词on/ in/ along表示方向或趋势
The teacher ranged the pupils along the curb. 教师叫学生沿着路边排队。
I ranged the books on the shelf by/ according to size. 我把书依照大小顺序排在书架上。
The cards are ranged in alphabetical order
2) vi. 在…范围内变动 & (山脉等)绵亘, 伸展, 排列, 延及
The temperature ranges between 30 and 40 degrees centigrade.
The road ranges westward from the lake. 这条路由湖边向西延伸
3)(不可数)“范围”, 指认知, 知识, 经验或能力方面的范围
be out of one’s range 某人所不能及的, 非自己知识范围之内的
beyond the range of human understanding超越人类理解的范围
within range of vision 在看得到的范围之内
The houses are sold out within this price range. 在这个价位范围之内的房子已售完。
5.pure 1)纯粹的；干净的；无有害物质的;纯洁的；清白的；无邪的
Is this cup made of pure gold?
The water in mountain rivers is usually pure.
2)“完全的；彻底的”，常用来加强语气
What you are saying is pure nonsense.
It is a pure accident.
6. mass n. & vi.
1) “质量”,不可数；“团、块、堆、片、群”，可数，常指聚成一体的没有具体形状的物质；“人民、群众”，常用作复数形式.
a mass of masses of 许多 ，大量的
A great mass of snow has fallen off the roof.
There are masses of dark clouds in the sky.
I wonder if they are truly concerned with the interests of the masses.
7. float
1) vi.“漂浮”，强调的是“保持悬在流体的表层内或表面上的状态而不沉下去”；“漂移，游荡”尤指随意地从一处移动到另一处，多作不及物动词用，后面可以加介词on.
Wood floats on water.
The empty boat was floating on the sea.
A balloon is floating in the sky.
2) vt.使悬浮或放入水中；使……下水
There was enough water to float the ship.
3) on the float漂浮着
8. absorb
1）vt. 吸收(水、热、光、知识、学问等)
Cotton gloves absorb sweat.
So many good ideas! It is too much for me to absorb all at once.
He was utterly absorbed in the book.
2)be absorbed in 全神贯注于…，热衷于
absorb one’s attention =attract one’s attention
9. sensitive 1)adj. 敏感的(to)；灵敏的； 容易生气的(about)
She is sensitive to the smell of smoking.
The child is sensitive to eggs. 那个孩子对鸡蛋过敏。
He is sensitive about his failure. 人家一提到他的失败，他就生气。
㈡主课文讲解:
1. life 生物(活的有机物的总称)无复数形式不加冠词，谓语用单数
There is no life on the moon.
Marine life swims in water.
2. range from … to… 从…分布到，在某一特定的范围内变化或变动
There are 200 boys ranging from 7 to 14 in age.
This plant ranges from Canada to Mexico.
Prices ranged from 5 dollars to 10 dollars.
3. all the way 自始至终，一直，一路上，从远道而来
All the way back, they talked about the persons and things that they could remember at school.
It is very kind of you to come all the way to see me.
4. whatever(=anything that)作为连接代词引导名词性从句，“无论什么，任何东西，一切事物” ，语气比what强烈。
Whatever is left over is yours.
You must do whatever is best for you.
Whatever book you want to read will be sent to your office.
She is against whatever I am fond of.
5. available adj. 可用的，可获得的，有效的，适宜的
sth.(受体)+ be + available + to + sb.
(主体) 某物对某人来说是可得的
The information is available to anybody.
The ticket is available to you for 3 days.（ 三天内有效）
sb.(主体) + be + available + for + sth.
(受体) 某人对…来说是合适的
He is not available for the job.
Are you available for a meeting tomorrow?
6. take advantage of 利用，很好地利用；投机取巧
Peter took advantage of his visit to Paris to improve his French.
I should like to take advantage of this opportunity to express my thanks for your help.
7. 动词不定式短语也可作结果状语，但只能表示消极的结果，通常用only来加强不愉快结果的语义：
They lifted a rock only to drop it on their own feet.
Unit 14 Freedom fighters
1. graduation n. the receiving of a first university degree or an American school diploma 毕业（典礼）
graduate vt. to obtain a degree, esp. a first degree, at a university（从……）大学毕业；获得（学士）学位
She graduated from Oxford with a first-class degree in physics.她在牛津大学获得物理学一级荣誉学位。
注：graduate也可用作名词，意为“大学毕业生”，“学士学位获得者”。
a high school graduate高中毕业生
2. action n. ①the act or process of doing things, with the intention of gaining a desired result行动；活动；动作 eg:
The police had to take firm action to deal with the riots.警方不得不采取果断的行动来对付骚乱。
Actions speak louder than words.行动胜于语言。
②in/into action在活动（运转、工作） eg:
He is a very good tennis player; you ought to see him in action.他是个出色的网球手，你该看看他打球。
③out of action损坏；发生故障 eg:
The storm put the telephones out of action. 暴风雨使电话发生了故障。
④active adj. 积极的；有活动能力的 eg:
Although he’s over 80, he’s still very active.他虽然已年过八十，但活动能力仍然很强。
3. speech n.
①the act or power of speaking; spoken language 说话；言谈；说话能力；言语；说的话 eg:
Only human beings are capable of speech. 只有人类才具有说话的能力。
She had a speech impediment.她有言语障碍。
②an act of speaking formally to a group of listeners 演说；演讲
I had to give/ make/deliver a speech to the Press Club.我得向记者俱乐部发表演说。
4. put sb. in prison“把某人投入监狱”（in还可用into替换）相似短语还有throw…into prison; send…to prison eg:
He was put into prison for robbing the bank. 他因抢银行而被投入了监狱。
Law breakers will be thrown into prison. 犯法者都会被送进监狱。
prison n. 表示被监禁的状态，不指监狱的房子，一般不用冠词。
be in prison被监禁；坐牢 eg:
He has been in prison, so nobody wants to make friends with him.他蹲过监狱，所以没人想和他交朋友。
知识点讲解
1. dream vi. & vt. to imagine (something)梦想；想像；幻想（某事）
(1) vi.做梦 eg:
He dreams every night. 他每天晚上都做梦。
(2)dream of/about sth. 梦见 …… eg:
I dreamed of my grandma last night. 昨晚我梦见了奶奶。
(3)dream that 梦见…… eg:
I dreamed that I passed the exam. 我梦见我通过了考试。
(4)vt. 梦见；做…… eg:
He dreamed a strange dream. 他做了一个奇怪的梦。
(5)dream of doing sth.想要做某事 eg:
He often dreams of going abroad. 他经常想出国。
2. revolution n. ①(a time of) great, usu. sudden, social and political change, esp. the changing of a ruler and/or political system by force革命 eg:
the French Revolution法国大革命
②revolutionary n. a person who joins in or supports a revolution 革命者；革新者 eg:
The revolutionaries are attacking the palace.革命分子在攻打王宫。
3. join hands 携手；联手；合伙 eg:
We all joined hands and danced round in a circle.我们都拉起手来，围成一个圆圈跳舞。
4. not…but…是并列连词，在句中连接两个并列同等成分，表示对比，意思是“不是……而是……”。 eg:
The seagulls had come to eat not the crops, but the locusts.海鸥不是来吃庄稼，而是来吃蝗虫的。
He will come not today but tomorrow. 他不是今天来而是明天来。
Shakespeare was not a musician but a playwright. 莎士比亚不是音乐家，而是一位剧作家。
生词、词组讲解
1. forbid vt. order(sb.) not to do sth. 禁止；不许 eg:
Smoking is forbidden in the public. 公共场合禁止吸烟。
注：forbid后跟动词-ing形式做宾语，不接不定式。 eg:
He forbids taking books out of the library. 他禁止把书带出图书馆。
Forbid后面有人称代词时，则只能接不定式，即：forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事。 eg:
He forbids us to take books out of the library. 他禁止我们把书带出图书馆。
2. runaway adj. out of control 脱离控制的；失控的 eg:
a runaway horse/ train 失控的马/火车； a runaway child 一个离家出走的孩子
We are suffering from runaway inflation.我们正经受着失控的通货膨胀之苦。
3. create v. (1) to cause(something new) to exist; produce (something new)创造；创建；创作 eg:
God created the world. 上帝创造了世界。
The regulations are so complicated that they will only create confusion. 条例如此复杂，只能造成混乱。
(2) creation n. something created; something produced by human invention or imagination创造物；作品；产物 eg:
an artist’s creation 艺术家的作品 the latest creations from Paris 巴黎来的最新时装
4. work as 担任……工作 eg:
When she finished school, she went to the north to work as a nurse.毕业以后，她到北方当了一名护士。
5. more than ①多于；超过 ②不仅仅 eg:
More than 300 workers were saved in the accident.在事故中三百多人幸免于难。
She is more than a teacher to us.她不仅仅是我们的老师。
more…than… it is more true to say … than … 与其说……倒不如说…… eg:
She’s more thoughtless than stupid. 与其说她笨倒不如说她粗心大意。
no more …than in no greater degree…than 与……同样不 eg:
He is no more fit to be a priest than I am!他和我都不适合当牧师！
Jack is no more diligent than John.约翰不勤奋，杰克也不勤奋。
I could do it no more than you.我和你一样都不能做那件事。
6. be active in 在……积极 eg:
take an active part in积极参加 be active in work工作积极
7. demand vt. ask for as if one has a right to do so; need; require要求；需求
（1）后跟名词或不定式做宾语。 eg:
This work demands great patience. 这种工作需要耐心。
We demanded to know where he had gone. 我们要求知道他去哪儿了。
（2）后接宾语从句
注：要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词要用should+动词原形，should可省略。
eg: The blacks demanded that they(should) be treated as equal citizens.
黑人要求他们应当受到平等的公民待遇。
8. march
（1）v. walk as soldiers do, with regular and measured steps 行军；行进
eg: The soldiers marched on.战士们继续行军。
March against the enemy. 向敌人进军。
（2）n. the act of marching, procession as a demonstration行军；游行 eg:
the Long March长征 a rapid march急行军
Thousands of people joined in the march though they were warned of danger. 数以千计的人虽然被警告有危险还是参加了游行。
9. separate (1) v. divide分隔；把……分开来 eg:
Let’s separate the good apples from bad ones.咱们来把好苹果和坏苹果分开。
(2) adj. not shared with another; individual单独的；各自的 eg:
The children sleep in separate beds. 孩子们各睡各的床。
Some people only think of their own separate interests.有些人只考虑他们各自的利益。
10. set/give an example to sb. 给某人树立榜样 eg:
She has set an example of plain living to us all.她给我们大家树立了艰苦朴素的榜样。
Example还可当“例子”讲。 eg:
The teacher told us many examples of how to use the verb.老师给我们列举了许多怎样使用这个动词的例子。
for example例如；比方
11. give/make/deliver a speech发表演讲 eg:
The official gives/makes/delivers a speech on/about the Common Market to a receptive audience.这位官员就共同市场问题向能接受该政策的听众发表演说。
同、近义词辨析
1. divide与separate
（1）divide指把整体“划分”成若干份，其后接into, from, among, between, with等。 eg:
This island divided into two parts.这个岛屿被分成两部分。
（2）separate指把原来连在一起或靠近的“分隔”开来，也可指“离别”。 eg:
Please separate the white shirts from the colored ones.请把白衬衫与其他颜色的衬衫分开。
注：被divide的东西在一定条件下具有统一性；被separate的东西没有统一性。 eg:
The Pacific separates Asia from America.太平洋把亚洲和美洲隔开。
She divided the cake among the children. 她把这块蛋糕分给孩子们吃。
2. in prison与in the prison
（1）“in prison”意为“在坐牢”，中间无冠词，表示与法律有关。 eg:
He has been in prison for ten years.他已经坐牢十年了。
（2）“in the prison”意为“在监狱中”，只强调地点。中间有冠词。 eg:
There are two libraries in the prison.这座监狱中有两个图书馆。
英语中的类似结构 eg:
in hospital 住院 in church 做礼拜
in the hospital 在医院中 in the church在教学中
3. join, join in与take part in
(1)join通常做“参加（某个团体、组织等）”（become a member of）讲。 eg:
Do you know how many people joined the organization? 你知道有多少人参加了那个组织吗？
(2)join in常用于“参加（某种活动）”。 eg:
All the students joined in the discussion. 全体学生都参加了讨论。
The whole school will join in the concert. 全校都要参加音乐会。
(3)join in与take part in都有“参加（某种活动）”的意思。但join in多指正在进行的活动，如竞赛、娱乐、谈话等。而take part in只指参加活动。
eg: They watched the game, and then they were invited to join in it.他们先观看了比赛，后来又被邀请参加。
知识回忆
1. In the summer of 1963 Martin Luther King, Jr gave a speech to thousands of black people who marched on Washington DC, the capital of the USA. 1963年夏天小马丁路德金给在美国首都的华盛顿特区游行的成千上万的黑人作了一次演讲。
句中短语“march on”译作“前进；行进”。“on the march”译作“在行军中，在进行中”。 eg:
The soldiers were still on the march in spite of the heavy snow.尽管下着大雪，战士们仍在行军。
2. Blacks were not treated as equal citizens.黑人们没有被当作平等公民对待。
句中“be treated as”表示“被当作……对待”，主动结构为：treat sb./sth. as…
eg: Don’t treat me as your sister. 别把我当作你妹妹对待。
3. His message was that black people should not be separated but should be treated with respect in the same way as other people. 他主张黑人不应该被分开，他们应该和别人一样受到同样的尊重。
在这个句子中as是连词，和the same…一起构成定语从句。 eg:
I have the same trouble as you(have).我和你有同样的麻烦。
典型病句诊断
1.病句：The teacher forbids to smoke in his room.
诊断：The teacher forbids smoking in his room.
点拨：forbid作“禁止”解时，其结构为forbid sb. to do sth.即当有“禁止”之对象时，用不定式；无“禁止”之对象时，用动名词。不能说forbid to do sth.或forbid sb. doing sth.。
2.病句：He demanded me to return the book at once.
诊断：He demanded that I (should) return the book at once.
点拨：demand后接不定式作宾语，但不能跟带有不定式的复合宾语结构。若要表示“要求某人做某事”的意义时，只能通过宾语从句来表示，而且宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。
3.病句：Everyone here is free expressing himself.
诊断：Everyone here is free to express himself.
点拨：“be free to do sth.”是固定搭配，即be free后接不定式，不接动名词。
4.病句：He was made begin his work from the midnight.
诊断：He was made to begin his work from the midnight.
点拨：当make, see, hear, watch, find等感官或使役动词在主动句中时，其后的不定式不带to，但在变为被动句之后必须加上to。
5.病句：Abraham Lincoln was made the president of the USA.
诊断：Abraham Lincoln was made president of the USA.
点拨：在独一无二的职务前，一般不加the。
6.病句：Slavery was finished in the U.S. in 1865.
诊断：Slavery was ended in the U.S. in 1865.
点拨：表“终止”应用end，不用finish或complete。
7.病句：I don’t imagine you are interested in politics.
诊断：I imagine (that) you are not interested in politics.
点拨：imagine和think不同，否定从句中的not不能移到主句中。
Unit15 Destinations
知识归纳
1.在英语中，do,have,make,take这四个动词，加上名词作宾语（名词前可有形容词）构成词组，可以表达许多不同含义，其意义相当于在名词前加上一个相关动词，现分述如下：
(1)do+名词
e.g. Mary has done (=has written) an article. 玛丽写了一篇文章。
He will do (=draw) a large portrain of Ren Changxia. 他要为任长霞画一幅大画像。
do computer study=study computer
do the room=clean the room
do the dishes=wash the dishes
do one’s hair=comb one’s hair
do one’s teeth=brush one’s teeth
do the fish=cook the fish
do the puzzle=work out the puzzle
do science=study science
do a comedy=act a comedy
do a concert=hear a concert
do the tower=visit the tower
do Japan=visit Japan
do 20 miles=travel 20 miles
do one’s guests well=serve one’s guests well 有时宾语也可用doing,并在doing前加some。
do some reading=read some books,read some pages
do some studying=study something
do some walking=walk for some time还有do most of the talking,do some morning shopping等。
(2)have+名词
e.g.We had a long talk(=talked for a long time) last Sunday.上星期天我们进行了一次长谈。
They’re having a rest(=resting).他们在休息。
此类结构常见的还有：
have a chat,have a look at…,have a drink,have an interview,have a smoke,have a fight,have a bath,have a dream
名词前可有修饰成分，如have no respect,have no wish,have some good laughs,have one more try等。
有时意义上等于在名词前加上一个相关的动词，如：
have a lesson (class)上一节课
have an X-ray进行X光检查
have a great success取得很大成功
have a small accident出了小事故
have a headache(a flu,cold)得头疼病（流感，感冒）
have a baby生孩子
have one’s advice听从某人的建议
have a telegram收到一封电报
have an answer有了答案
(3)make+名词（相当于名词的动词含义）
e.g.The police made an examination in her room.警察检查了她的房间。
The teacher made a clear explanation.老师清楚地作了解释。
We made a comparison of the two articles.我们把这两篇文章作了比较。
make an attempt=attempt
make a suggest=suggest
还有make a visit参观，make a long stay住了很长时间，make another start又重新开始了，make preparations作准备，make arrangements作安排，make decisions作决定，make a choice作选择，make a map画一张地图，make tea沏茶，make an expression留下印象
（4）take+名词（相当于名词相应的动词）
e.g.He took a look at(=look at) this book. 他看了一下这本书。
I want to take a nap(=nap).我想午休一会儿。
这类词组还有：
take a bath 洗澡
take a walk散步
take exercise进行锻炼
take an action采取行动
take an examination进行考试，进行检查
take a trip旅行
take a vacation度假
相当于“吃，喝，吸（入）”，如：
take the food,take pills,take medicine,take tea (coffee),take a glass of beer,take sugar,take a breath of fresh air,还有：take a taxi(bus,train…)坐出租车（公共汽车，火车……）
take a room要一个房间，租用一个房间
take one’s advice接受……的建议
take a job承担一项工作
take one’s degree接受……学位
take chemistry选学化学
2.with的一种用法
with之后可以加一个抽象名词，构成名词短语，作用相当于这一名词相对应的副词。
e.g.He looked at her with respect(=respectfully).他恭敬地看着她。
She told Tom the story with a smile(=smilingly).她微笑着给汤姆讲了个故事。
He accepted the invitation with pleasure(=pleasurably).他愉快地接受了邀请。
这类词组常见的还有：
with calmness=calmly冷静地
with curiosity=curiously好奇地
with surprise=surprisingly惊奇地
with ease=easily轻易地
with difficulty 艰难地
with amazement惊奇地
with sympathy同情地
with disapproval不满地
with fear害怕地
with delight (joy)高兴地
with envy妒忌地
with anger生气地
with efficiency有效地
with one accord voice异口同声地
with tears in one’s eyes含泪地
in+名词也可以这样用。例如：
“How did you come here?”He asked in surprise(=surprisingly).
“你是怎么到这儿的？”他惊奇地问。
Jack shut his eyes in fear(fearfully).杰克害怕得闭上了眼睛。
His sister stared at him in amazement(=amazingly).他的妹妹惊奇地看着他。
He came home in high cheerfulness(=cheerfully).他兴高采烈地回了家。
常见的这类词组还有：
in terror害怕地
in astonishment惊奇地
in anxiety焦急地
in amazement惊奇地
in confusion大惑不解地
in alarm惊慌地
in curiosity好奇地
in great happiness非常愉快地
in a hurry急忙地
in a low voice低声地
in hatred and despair满怀仇恨和绝望地
in earnest 认真地
同义词语辨析
1.murder, kill, massacre
(1)murder是“谋杀，杀害”的意思。英语意思是to kill unlawfully,especially on purpose。
e.g.The bandits murdered the man for his money.歹徒为了谋取他的钱而杀害了他。
Every two hours someone was murdered.每两个小时就有一人被谋杀。
(2)kill用于因凶器或在非常事故中死亡的场合。英语的意思是cause to die。
e.g.His father was killed in a railway accident.他父亲在一次火车事故中身亡。
Only a few people were killed in the earthquake.地震中只有少数人死亡。
He killed him with a spear.他用矛刺死了他。
kill还可作“使……难受之极，使……极其尴尬，使失去，消磨（时间）”解。
e.g.My back killed me.我的背非常难受。
It killed him to admit he is wrong.承认他错了使他感到极为尴尬。
The joy killed the audience.这个玩笑让观众笑得要死。
The train was late,so we killed time by playing cards.火车晚点了，我们就打牌消磨时间。
（3）massacre“大屠杀”，英语意思是to kill a number of people without mercy。
e.g.When the soldiers captured the town,they massacred all the inhabitants.
当敌兵占领这座城市后，他们屠杀了城里的所有居民。
另外，表示“为……而献出生命”的同义词组有：
devote one’s life to…
dedicate one’s life to…
give one’s life for…
lay down one’s life for…
lose one’s life for…
另外还有一些词组可以用来表示“死”，但此用法较委婉：
(sb.) pass away;one’s heart stop beating forever;
(sb.) sleep peacefully;those who have fallen;
(sth.) cost sb. his life;sb.is dead and gone;
(sb.) be in heaven for some time
2.ask for,require,demand
(1)ask for指要求得到具体的物质的东西，普通用词。也可用ask sb.to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”，语气较客气。
e.g.He asked for some money.他让了一些钱。
He asked his mother to wake him at six in the morning.他让他母亲早上六点叫醒他。
I asked that I (should be) was allowed to see her.我请求允许我看望她。
(2)require“要求，有必要”,语气不如demand强，一般强调从需要、规章、惯例出发，要求别人做某事，含有客观上必要的，缺此不可的性质。
e.g.He has done all that was required of him.凡需要他做的他都做了。
How many days will be required to finish this work? 完成这项工作需要多少天？
(3)demand“要求，需要”,指坚持要得到某物或坚持要做某事，用于人时，通常表示提出要求的一方认为他们有权这样做，语气较强烈，有时带有强制的意味；用于物时，指一般的“需要”，这时可和require,want,need等词互换。
e.g.The Iraqi people demanded that the USA soldiers should get out of Iraq.
伊拉克人要求美国兵从伊拉克撤退。
All his life he believed that it was right and necessary to demand changes in society if people did not have their civil rights.整个一生他都认为如果人民没有权利的话，要求社会变革是正确的，而且是必要的。
The work demands(=requires,wants,needs,etc,) great skill.这个工作需要熟练的技巧。
高考真题
1.(2004北京卷)The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics______by 2006.
A.has been completed
B.has completed
C.will have been completed
D.will have completed
简析：选C。本句意思是：“北京市市长说所有北京奥运会的建设工作将在2006年前完工。”“work”和“complete”是被动关系，句子应用将来完成时态，所以选C。
2.(2004上海卷)The flu is believed ______ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.
A.causing
B.being caused
C.to be caused
D.to have caused
简析：选C。全句的意思是：“人们认为感冒是由病毒引起的，这种病毒喜欢在人的鼻子和喉咙中繁殖。”“感冒”和“引起”之间为被动关系。这里叙述一般情况，应选C。B为“正在引起”，D为“已经引起”。
3.(2004上海卷)The disc,digitally ______ in the studio,sounded fantastic at the party that night.
A.recorded
B.recording
C.to be recorded
D.having recorded
简析：选A。disc和record之间是被动关系，作定语时，不定式表示未来动作，及物动词的过去分词表示完成了的被动动作，故这里应选A。
4.（2004上海卷）
The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people ______ to eat more fruit and vegetables.
A.persuade
B.will persuade
C.be persuaded
D.are persuaded
简析：选D。本句意为：“如果人们能被说明多吃些水果和蔬菜的话，死于心脏病的人数就会大大减少了。”“people”和“persuade”是被动关系，在if引导的条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来，故选D。
The First Period
△complaint n.投诉；申诉；抱怨，表示不满
△Iraq n.伊拉克
△Mexico n.墨西哥
△Greenland n.格陵兰
Airline n.航空公司;航线
uncomfortable adj.不服的，令人不自在的
△wanderlust n.漫游癖
The Second Period
every now and then不时地
△itch/it n.&vi. 渴望；痒
phenomenon n.现象；奇迹
△Rio de Janeiro n.里约热内卢（巴西港市）
Brazil n.巴西
△stretch/stret vt.&vi. 展开；伸展；延伸
△Cariocas n.里约热内卢人
downtown n.&adj. 城市商业区（的）
△historical adj.具有历史意义的
commercial adj.商业性的；商务的；商业的
△Copacabana n.科帕卡巴纳（巴西著名海滩）
△princess n.公主；王妃
△hundredth n.&adj. 第一百（个）；第一百的
get tired of对……感到厌倦；对……失去兴趣
avenue n.（城市中的）大街；通道；（通往乡间的）小路
disappointed adj. 失望的；沮丧的
△Carnival n.(四旬斋前持续一周或半周的)嘉年华会；狂欢节；欢宴
△Kitzbuhel n.基茨比厄（奥地利城市）
△paradise n.乐园；天堂
△skier n.滑雪者
altitude n.纬度
surrounding adj.&n.周围（的）；环绕（的）；环境；周围的情况
guarantee vt.保证……免受损失或伤害；确保
breath-taking adj.壮观的；激动人心的；惊险的
△resort n.胜地；常去之地
downhill adj. 快速下降滑雪的；下坡的；倾斜的
inexpensive adj.廉价的；便宜的
feast n.（感官、精神等的）享受；盛宴
dip n.（在江河湖海中）洗澡；游泳；蘸湿
gym n.体育馆
shore n.滨；岸
The Third Period
to do
1.The first thing would be to decide where to go.
2.The most important thing would be for you to decide where to go.
-ing
1.Every now and then we get the itch for travelling.
2.Kitzbuhel has the most challenging and exciting downhill slopes for skiers in the world.
3.Few visitors leave Rio feeling disappointed.
-ed
1.Amazed by the beautiful scenery at Copacabana Beach,he decided to come again next year.
2.Known as Carnival,the festival attracts visitors from all over the world.
Point out the function of the -ing form in each sentence.
1.Doing nothing is doing ill.
2.Be careful!The falling stones might hit you.
3.When you hang wet clothes near a fire,you will see steam coming from them.
4.Not knowing much English,I found it hard to understand them.
5.While walking along the shore,we saw that the water was very dirty.
6.Playing tricks on others is something we should never do.
7.Babies like tearing paper into pieces.
8.They went out of the club,talking and laughing loudly.
The Fourth Period
budget n.预算；预算案
rate n.价格；费用；速度；效率
visa n.签证
arrangement n.安排；准备工作；整理
passport n.护照；过境通行证
cheque n.支票
△photocopy n.&vt.复印（件）
currency n.货币；通货
sight n.景象，情景；视力，视觉
seasoned adj. 有经验的
accommodation n.住处；膳宿
